英语阅读理解专题练习(及答案)(共32页).doc
精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上英语阅读理解专题练习(及答案)一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 The American newspaper has been around for about three hundred years. In 1721, the printer James Franklin, Benjamin's older brother, started the New England Courant, and that was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper. He filled his paper with stories of adventure, articles on art, on famous people, and on all sorts of political subjects. Three centuries after the appearance of Franklin's Courant, few believe that newspapers in their present printed form will remain alive for long, Newspaper companies are losing advertisers, readers, market value, and in some cases, their sense of purpose at a speed that would not have been imaginable just several years ago. The chief editor of the Times said recently, “At places where they gather, editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if they have just come out of the hospital or a lost law case.” An article about the newspaper appealed on the website of the Guardian, under the headline “NOT DEAD YET.” Perhaps not, but the rise of the Internet, which has made the daily newspaper look slow and out of step with the world, has brought about a real sense of death, Some American newspapers have lost 42% of their market value in the past three years. The New York Times Company has seen its stock（股票）drop by 54% since the end of 2004, with much of the loss coming in the past year. A manager at Deutsche Bank suggested that stock - holders sell off their Times stock. The Washington Post Company has prevented the trouble only by changing part of its business to education; its testing and test preparation service now brings in at least half the company's income,（1）What can we learn about the New England Courant? A. It is mainly about the stock market. B. It carries articles by political leaders.C. It marks the beginning of newspapers. D. It remains a successful newspaper in America.（2）What can we infer about the newspaper editors? A. They often accept readers' suggestions. B. They caw a lot about each other's health.C. They stop doing business with advertisers. D. They face great difficulties in their business.（3）Which of the following found a new way for its development? A. the Washington Post. B. The Guardian.C. The New York Tinier. D. New England Courant.（4）How does the author seem to feel about the future of newspapers”? A. Satisfied. B. Hopeful. C. Surprised. D. Worried.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美国报纸的由来，以及现在面临的挑战和做出的调整。(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“the printer James Franklin, Benjamin's older brother, started the New England Courant, and that was what we might recognize today as a real newspaper.”可知，James Franklin创办的New England Courant就是我们今天所知的真正的报纸，也就标志着美国报业的开始，故选C。(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Newspaper companies are losing advertisers, readers, market value”可知，报社正在逐渐失去广告商，读者和市场价值，以及后面编辑的话"At places where they gather, editors ask one another, 'How are you?', as if they have just come out of the hospital or a lost law case."，编辑们现在见面聊天的时候都会互相问候“你还好吗”仿佛刚出院或输了一场官司，其实隐含的意思就是因为报纸业的不景气，编辑们现在正面临着困难，所以这个问候应该是你们报社生意怎么样？故选D。(3)考查细节理解。根据最后一段可知，找到一种新的发展方式的是The Washington Post华盛顿邮报。故选A。(4)考查推理判断。通读全文，作者列举了报业所面临的种种问题，可以判断作者对此很担忧。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city? In order to answer this question, we must first examine whether people really want to preserve the historic feel of an area. Not all historical buildings are attractive. However, there may be other reasonsfor example, economic reasonswhy they should be preserved. So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. What should we do then if a new building is needed? In my view, new architectural styles can exist perfectly well alongside an older style. Indeed, there are many examples in my own hometown of Tours where modern designs have been placed very successfully next to old buildings. As long as the building in question is pleasing and does not dominate(影响) its surroundings too much, it often improves the attractiveness of the area. It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt(破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too. Yet people still speak against new buildings in historic areas. I think this is simply because people are naturally conservative and do not like change. Although we have to respect people's feelings as fellow users of the buildings, I believe that it is the duty of the architect and planner to move things forward. If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves. Thus, I would argue against copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different, even though that might be the more risky choice.（1）What does the author say about historical buildings in the first paragraph? A. Some of them are not attractive. B. Most of them are too expensive to preserve.C. They are more pleasing than modern buildings. D. They have nothing to do with the historic feel of an area.（2）Which of the following is TRUE according to the author? A. We should reproduce the same old buildings. B. Buildings should not dominate their surroundings.C. Some old buildings have spoilt the area they are in. D. No one understands why people speak against new buildings.（3）By “move things forward” in the last paragraph, the author probably means “_”. A. destroy old buildings B. put things in a different placeC. choose new architectural style D. respect people's feelings for historical buildings（4）What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To explain why people dislike change. B. To argue that modern buildings can be built in historic areas.C. To warn that we could end up living in caves. D. To admit how new buildings have ruined their surroundings.【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。文章是对于现在人们经常讨论的问题是否现代建筑应该和古老的历史建筑在一起进行了阐述，在作者看来历史建筑应该保存，但是我们的建筑风格也应该改变，不能因为历史建筑破坏我们的生活。(1)细节理解题。根据第一段中not all historical buildings are attractive.可知，一些历史建筑不够有吸引力，故选A。(2)细节理解题。根据第三段首句It is true that there are examples of new buildings which have spoilt (破坏) the area they are in, but the same can be said of some old buildings too.可知，一些新建筑破坏了所在的区域，但古建筑也有这种情况，故作者认为一些历史建筑破坏了他们生活的地方，故选C。(3)推理判断题。根据文章第四段中If we always reproduced what was there before, we would all still be living in caves .（如果建筑师不改变建筑风格，我们现在还住在山洞里面）可推知，“moving things forward”指“选择新的建筑风格”，故选C。(4)推理判断题。根据文章第一段首句Should we allow modern buildings to be built next to older buildings in a historic area of a city?可知，这篇文章是讨论现代建筑是否可以建在历史遗迹的地方，故选B。【点评】 英语阅读理解议论文解题技巧：英语议论文通常为三段式，即“论点、论据、结论”三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点，然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论证，最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。因此，遇到议论文体时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点2017高考英语阅读理解类型及答题技巧2017高考英语阅读理解类型及答题技巧。一般来说，作者的论点通常在文章首段被引出，接着是对这一论点的逻辑推理和论证，最后为结论。还应注意的是：在对论点论证的过程中，每一段的首句都是该段的主题句。把握全文论点、弄清论证各段的主题句、理解文章层次、找出中心论点的位置是理解议论文的关键。3阅读理解 There's a song by the great Jamaican singer Bob Marley called So Much Trouble In The World. Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too that's why it made Nov 16th “International Day for Tolerance”. But first of all, what is tolerance? According to French philosopher Voltaire, tolerance is the consequence of humanity. We are all formed of frailty (脆弱) and error; let us pardon each other's fool that is the first law of nature.” Very often, people don't realize that they're intolerant. This is because intolerance has a lot to do with ignorance. For example, the UN's campaign is in part about the treatment of females by males. But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don't put themselves in the shoes of women. It's worth thinking a little about the words “tolerance” and “intolerance”. Are they the best words to describe the evils of which we're speaking here? To agree to be “tolerant” of someone isn't necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there's something wrong with them. Still, what Voltaire said stands: We humans are not perfect and this weakness is something that we all share. That's the reason we should be tolerant. It's a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness. （1）What's the purpose of the UN “International Day For Tolerance”? A. To arouse people's awareness of tolerance among people. B. To celebrate the founding of the UN.C. To solve the problem of global warming. D. To change peopled opinion towards globalization.（2）Why do men behave intolerantly towards women? A. Because men don't realize the purpose of the UN. B. Because men are physically stronger than women.C. Because men don't appreciate the shoes of women. D. Because men are not willing to understand women.（3）Why is it meaningless to use the words “tolerance” and “intolerance”? A. Because they are hard to pronounce in English. B. Because they don't express the exact meaning people refer to.C. Because they can't be translated into other languages. D. Because they can't be used in a respectful way.（4）In what sense is “tolerance” similar to “generosity”? A. Humans are advised to treat others better. B. Humans leant to find faults in others.C. Humans need to give something to others. D. Humans will change their attitudes to others.【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文。人们天性是脆弱的不完美的，容易犯错误的，因此包容是人性的体现。文章通过分析解释人们要宽容待人。（1）考查推理判断题。根据第一段二、三两句“Marley understood that part of the reason why there are so many problems in the world is the lack of tolerance between people. The UN understands this too - that's why it made Nov 16th 'International Day for Tolerance'.”可推断，世界上的人们缺乏包容，因此联合国把11月16日设置为“国际宽容日”是为了唤起人们的包容意识。故答案选A。（2）考查推理判断题。根据第三段尾句“But often, the behavior of men toward women is intolerant because men don't put themselves in the shoes of women.”可知，男性对女性不包容是因为他们不愿意设身处地的为女性着想，不愿意理解她们。故答案选D。（3）考查推理判断题。根据倒数第二段后三句“Are they the best words to describe the evils of which we're speaking here? To agree to be 'tolerant' of someone isn't necessarily a very respectful thing. When someone is tolerated, it implies that there's something wrong with them.”可知，对某人宽容并不一定是一件值得尊重的事情，某人如果被包容，就暗示着某人有问题，因此推断使用“宽容”或者“不宽容”是没有意义的，因为它们不能准确表达人们所指的意思。故答案选B。（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句“It's a little like generosity. We can give things to another person, and we can also give our forgiveness.”可推断，在我们给与别人谅解时，宽容有点像慷慨。故答案选C。【点评】本题型考查了对文章段落或某一板块的理解概括能力。先阅读问题，然后带着问题，再读全文，找出答题所需要的依据，完成阅读。在词义与句义理解的基础上，结合上下文总结归纳某一段或几段的大意，对于把握文章主旨，分析全文结构都是至关重要的。4阅读理解 Can exercise during childhood protect you against memory loss many decades later?Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain,in rats at least. "This is an animal study,but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important一not just for physical development,but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive（认知的）development during ageing,"says Martin Wojtowicz of the University of Toronto,Canada."In humans,it may delay the appearance of Alzheimer's symptoms（阿兹海默氏症）,possibly to the point of preventing them." Wojtowicz's team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups,and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six weeks.Around four months laterwhen the rats had reached middle agethe team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific box.When placed in the box,they froze with fear. Two weeks later,the team tested the rats in three situations: exactly the same box in the same room,the same box with the room arranged differently,and a completely different box in a different room. The rats without access to a running wheel when they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations,suggesting they couldn't remember which one was dangerous.But those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings. “The results suggest the amount of physical activity when we're young,at least for rats,has influence on brain and cognitive healthin the form of better memorieswhen we're older,"says Arthur Kramer of Northeastern University in Boston,who has found that,in humans,exercise promotes the growth of new brain cells.（1）The study shows that_. A. physical activity is important for physical health B. using the running wheels is of benefit to the rats' growthC. physical activity can prevent human's Alzheimer's symptoms D. the more exercise a rat has when young,the better memory it will possess when older（2）How are Paragraph 3 and 4 mainly developed? A. By analyzing causes. B. By giving an example.C. By describing the process. D. By showing differences.（3）What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Exercise. B. Development. C. Benefit. D. Study.（4）What is the author's attitude towards the animal study? A. Negative. B. Objective. C. Critical. D. Doubtful.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，通过对实验鼠的实验，发现了动物在年轻时运动越多，老年时的记忆力就越好。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least.”可知，锻炼对大脑终生有好处，至少对老鼠是这样的。故选D。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段和第四段讲述Wojtowicz的研究小组对老鼠进行试验的过程，因此通过描述过程发展的。故选C。（3）考查词义猜测。根据第二段介绍一项动物研究，具体的运动对身体的发育很重要，对于人类，它可能会推迟阿兹海默氏症的出现。因此it在句中指的是具体的身体活动，也就是锻炼。故选A。（4）考查观点态度。根据短文中对这项老鼠实验的过程及其结果的介绍，用数据表示，可见作者对动物研究的态度是很客观的。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和观点态度四个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。5阅读理解 You may think that the story of Pygmalion (卖花女, 1913) - in which people are judged by the way they talk - is something that only existed in the days of British high society. But thanks to etiquette (礼仪) expert and author William Hanson, we realize that little has changed during the past 100 years. In a BBC radio program, Hanson released a list of common words used in British English t
