过去分词用法讲解与练习(共2页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上一、过去分词在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。二、过去分词作表语，表示主语的心理感觉所处的（被动或完成的）状态：He is quite pleased with the design of the dress. Dont touch the glass because it is broken. 1及物动词的过去分词作表语，既表被动，又表完成：The cup is broken. 不及物动词的过去分词作表语，只表完成：The stick is burnt.2不定式、动名词、分词做表语的区别：a. 不定式动作发生于谓语之后：His aim is to train the students speaking ability. b. 动名词是对主语内容的解释，主语与表语可互换位置：His job is teaching French. c. 现在分词表主语的性质与特征：The movie is amazing. d. 过去分词表主语的心理感觉所处的状态(被动、完成)：He is well educated.3常作表语的分词：amusing, amused; encouraging, encouraged; disappointing, disappointed; confusing, confused; puzzling, puzzled; satisfying, satisfied; delighting, delighted; pleasing, pleased; convincing, convinced; astonishing, astonished; amazing, amazed; shocking, shocked三、过去分词做定语，与其所修饰名词有动宾关系，表被动或完成：The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success. （非限定性定语）The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager.  （后置定语）The excited people rushed into the building. （前置定语）1及物动词的过去分词作定语表被动、完成；不及物动词则只表完成，且前置（fallen leaves落叶 retired workers退休工人 the risen sun升起的太阳）2不定式、动名词、分词作定语的区别：a. 时间上：不定式动作发生在谓语之后；现在分词动作与谓语同时发生；过去分词动作发生在谓语之前：The school to be builtbeing builtbuilt is (was) brilliant. b. 动名词说明所修饰名词的用途；现在分词表所修饰名词在进行的动作：a walking stick; a sleeping car（动名词）the rising sun; the changing world（现在分词）c. 过去分词表完成、被动；现在分词表主动、进行：a car parked at the gate; a bird flying in the sky; boiled water, boiling water; fallen leaves, falling leaves;四、过去分词做状语：1表时间(有时过去分词前可加连词when或while来强调时间概念)原因条件(其前可加if)让步方式或伴随：Seen from here, the city looked like a garden.  Deeply moved by the story, the people cried. Given another chance, he will do better. Laughed at by many people, he continued his study. Seated at the table, we were talking about our job.2过去分词的逻辑主语与句中主语不一致时，修正方法为：利用独立主格结构；改变语态；改为相应的状语从句；用with的复合结构等。如：完成作业后，孩子们出去踢足球了。Finished their homework, the children went out to play football. (×)Their homework finished, the children went out to play football. (独立主格)Having finished their homework, the children went out to play football. (现在分词完成形式)When they finished their homework, the children went out to play football. (状语从句)With their homework finished, the children went out to play football. (with的复合结构)After finishing their homework, the children went out to play football. (介词+动名词) 五、过去分词作宾补：1宾语和补足语之间有逻辑上的被动关系：主语让宾语做某事，强调主语的意志；主语遭到某种不幸或陷入恶劣的环境，导致宾语的一种无意识的被动行为：He had his hair cut yesterday.   Later on the center had a great many new trees planted. He had his leg broken in the match last month. He had one eye lost in the war.  2常用在see, hear, notice, watch, find, get, have, feel, make, leave, keep等词后：When will you have your tooth examined?（被动语态时，则为主补：One of the glasses was found broken.）1. I'm going to have my car . A. to be fixed B. to fix C. fixed D. to fix 2. What's the language in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak3. He had his leg in the match yesterday. A. to break B. broken C. break D. breaking4. Don't get in the rain. A. to be caught B. catching C. to catch D. caught 5. more attention, the trees could have grown better.A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given6. that she was going off to sleep, I asked if shed like that little doll on her bed.A. Seeing B. To see C. See D. Seen7. The murderer was brought in, with his hands behind his back.A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied8. The computer center, last year, is very popular among the students in this school.A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened*9. in thought, he almost ran into the car in front of him.A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose*10. The Olympic Games, in 776BC, didn't include women players until 1912.A. first played B. to be first played C. first playing D. to be first played11. Most of the people to the party were famous scientists.A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting12. I found a car in a pool by the side of the road.A. to be stuck B. sticking C. stuck D. stick13. -By the way, when did you get your bedroom ? -Last week.A. to paint B. painted C. painting D. to be painted14. The children were found in the cave.A. trapping B. trapped C. to be trapped D. be trapped15. The trees in the storm have been moved off the road.A. being blown down B. blown down C. blowing down D. to blow down16. On a morning the little girl was found at the corner of the street.A. freezing, freezing B. frozen, freezing C. frozen, frozen D. freezing, frozen 17. No one enjoys fun of in public.A. making B. being made C. to be made D. to make18. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word .A. speaking B. to be spoken C. spoken D. speak19. from space, the earth, with water seventy percent of its surface, looks like a blue ball.A. Seen, covered B. Seen, covering C. Seeing, covering D. Seeing, covered 20. An crowd is waiting the arrival of the film star.A. excited B. exciting C. excite D. excitedly21. The building by him is under construction. A. to be designed B. designed C. being designed D. to have designed *22. Can those at the back of the classroom hear me? No problem. A. seat B. sit C. seated D. sat23. Most of the artists to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 24. We had an anxious couple of weeks for the results of the experiment.A. wait B. to be waiting C. waited D. waiting25. from the tallest building, the whole city looks very beautiful. A. Seeing B. See C. Saw D. Seen 26. that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.A. Not realized B. Not to realize C. Not realizing D. Not to have realized1-5CBBDA6-10ADDCA11-15ACBBB16-20DBCBA21-26BAADDC专心-专注-专业