自学考试2018年10月00015英语(二)真题答案及解析(共34页).docx

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上2018年10月英语（二）真题2018年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语(二) 试卷 (课程代码00015)本试卷共8页。满分100分，考试时间150分钟。 考生答题注意事项： 1.本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。 2.第一、二部分在"选择题答题区"作答。必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将"答题卡的相应代码涂黑。 3.第三一七部分在"非选择题答题区"作答。必须注明大、小题号，使用05毫米黑字迹签字笔作答。 4合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。 选择题区 第一部分：阅读判断(第110题，每题1分，共10分)下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该旬提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 The British SummerBritain is well known for its rainy climate. People joke that even in the summer time the country never gets any sun and that the skies stay disappointingly grey even during the months of July and August.Last summer though, it was so hot that people could hardly believe it. British people weren't used to such high temperatures, so every day on the news there were stories about people struggling to work in such unusual weather conditions. Radio and television programmes also reminded everyone to drink more water and not to stay too long in the sun. When the sun comes out, British people tend to spend time in their garden if they have one. It's common to invite friends and neighbours around for a barbecue where everyone sits outside and eats food like grilled meat（烤肉）and salads. There' s always a back-up plan in case of rain though, and the meal sometimes has to be cooked in the kitchen and eaten indoors.People also spend a lot of time in parks during the summer, having picnics or playing sports. In every green area, there's always at least one ice cream van, a kind of car that plays children's music and sells ice creams.Towns like Blackpool and Brighton are popular for their beaches and amusement arcades（游乐场）. People go there to swim, sunbathe and eat fish and chips. The water can be quite cold, though, and that's why quite a lot of people prefer to go abroad for their summer holiday instead. Popular destinations include Spain, Germany and France: all countries that promise a lot of sunshine!1.【题干】There is little sunshine in Britain in summer.【选项】 ATrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】A【解析】题干大意：英国在夏天里阳光很少。该题的关键词为"little sunshine"和"in summer"，定位到文中的第一段，第二句中"even in the summer time the country never gets any sun and that the skies stay disappointingly grey even during the months of July and August."提到即使是在夏天，这个国家都很少有阳光，甚至在七八月，天空都是灰。结合原文，可知该题考查同义词转换，题目与原文意思相同，故选A。2.【题干】British people like to tell jokes about each other.【选项】 ATrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】C【解析】题干大意：英国人喜欢互相开玩笑。该题的关键词"tell jokes about each other"意为互相开玩笑，定位到文中第一段第二句"People joke."文中只提到人们开玩笑说英国的天气，并未提到英国人喜欢互相开玩笑。该题为细节理解题，题目与原文无关，故选C。3.【题干】It was unusually hot last summer in Britain.【选项】 ATrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】A【解析】题干大意：去年夏天，英国不同寻常的热。该题的关键词为"unusually hot"和"last summer"，定位到文中第二段第一句"Last summer though, it was so hot that people could hardly believe it."然而去年夏天，天气热到让人难以置信，也就是题干所说的不同寻常的热。该题为细节理解题，题干意思与原文相符，故选A。4.【题干】British people enjoyed the high temperatures of last summer.【选项】 ATrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】B【解析】题干大意：英国人享受去年夏天的高温。该题的关键词为"enjoys"，意为享受、喜欢。定位到文中的第二段，结合段意可知，英国人并不适应这种高温，所以想尽各种办法来对付炎热的天气。题干意思与原文意思相反，故选B。5.【题干】The media advised people to enjoy the sunshine.【选项】 ATrueBFalseCNot given【答案】B【解析】题干大意：媒体们建议人们去享受阳光。该题关键词为"The media advised"和"enjoy"定位到文中第二段第三句"Radio and television programmes also reminded everyone to drink more water and not to stay too long in the sun."该题同时考查了近义词和细节理解，媒体对应广播和电视节目，结合句意可知，媒体只告诉人们如何应对炎热的天气，并没有建议人们享受阳光。题干意思与原文不符，故选B。6.【题干】Most British people have a garden of their own.【选项】 ATrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】C【解析】题干大意：大部分英国人都有一个自己的花园。结合文章第二段"British people tend to spend time in their garden if they have one."该句可知，文中只提到如果有花园，英国人喜欢在花园消遣时间，而未提到大部分人有花园。该题为细节理解题，题干意思与原文不符，故选C。7.【题干】People having a barbecue often have a plan against the rain.【选项】 ATrueBFalseCNot Given【答案】A【解析】题干大意：烧烤的人们通常做好了防雨的计划。结合第二段"There' s always a back-up plan in case of rain"该句可知，人们通常做好了应付雨的计划。该题为同义词转换题，题干意思与原文相符，故选A。8.【题干】Children like the music from the ice cream vans.【选项】 ATrueBFalseCNot given【答案】C【解析】题干大意：孩子们喜欢从冰淇淋车上传来的音乐。结合第三段该句"there's always at least one ice cream van, a kind of car that plays children's music and sells ice creams"可知，冰淇淋车只是放儿童音乐，并未提到孩子们喜欢这种音乐。题干意思与原文不符，故选C。9.【题干】Blackpool and Brighton are known for their beaches.【选项】 ATrueBFalseCNot given【答案】A【解析】题干大意：黑潭和布莱顿以海滩闻名。结合文章最后一段第一句"Towns like Blackpool and Brighton are popular for their beaches "可知，题干意思与原文相符，故选A。10.【题干】People go to Spain in summer to enjoy the cooler sea water.【选项】 ATrueBFalseCNot given【答案】B【解析】题干大意：人们在夏天去西班牙享受那更凉爽的海水。结合文章最后一段可知，人们去西班牙并不是享受那儿的海水，"Popular destinations include Spain, Germany and France: all countries that promise a lot of sunshine!"那里有充足的阳光，题干意思与原文不符，故选B。第二部分：阅渎选择(第1115题，每题2分，共l0分)阅渎下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳 选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。 Horse TalkDo you know horses talk? You can learn to understand "horse talk," if you pay close attention to them.When horses live in the wild, other animals try to eat them, so a lot of horse talk is about staying alive. Even now, when most horses live on farms, they watch for danger. For this reason, never walk behind a horse. If you surprise it, the horse might mistake you for a lion or wolf and give a dangerous kick.By watching the ears, you can get clues to what the horse is hearing. A horse can turn each ear in a different direction. For a wild horse, this skill is important for survival. The horse can hear something creeping up behind it while also checking out a threatening noise in front. When a horse lets its ears down, it's feeling safe and relaxed. Though these actions may be natural responses and not deliberate communications, they help you know what the horse is thinking.Sometimes horses can send definite messages. For example, they know they are safer when they're with other horses. If they become isolated, they "whinny（嘶鸣）," calling for company. They're saying, "Where are you? I'm over here!" Domestic horses use the same sounds to stay in touch with other horses.If a horse snorts（打响鼻儿）, it's not communicating anything. It's just clearing dust or grass seed out of its nose. But if it snorts while holding its head high and staring at something, it's saying, "That looks dangerous. Get ready to run!? When two horses meet, they put their noses together and smell each other's breath. It's their way of asking, "Are you a friend?" Horses also blow, breathing out the air loudly through the nose, when they meet something strange. They are asking, "Is this safe?"Horses have a language of their own. Now you know a bit of what they might be saying!11.【题干】Horses in the wild "talk" mainly to_.【选项】 Astay aliveBmake friendsCfind foodDkeep awake【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。定位到文中第二段第一句"When horses live in the wild, other animals try to eat them, so a lot of horse talk is about staying alive."马在野外"talk"主要是为了生存，故选A。12.【题干】It is dangerous to_.【选项】 Atouch a horse's earsBride a horse on farmsCsurprise a horse from behindDstare at a horse from front【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。定位到文中第二段"never walk behind a horseIf you surprise it, the horse might mistake you for a lion or wolf and give a dangerous kick."，结合该句可知站在马的身后吓它可能会被踢，很危险。故选C。13.【题干】A horse's ears are special because they can_.【选项】 Asend messagesBtum to different directionsCsense temperaturesDclear out the dust【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。定位到文中第三段第二句"A horse can turn each ear in a different direction."可推断出马的耳朵特殊是因为它们能转向不同的方向，而A、C、D选项均未提到，故选B。14.【题干】When a horse's ears are down, we know that it is_.【选项】 AisolatedBrelaxedCangryDanxious【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。定位到文中第三段"When a horse lets its ears down, it's feeling safe and relaxed."该句可知，当马的耳朵向下，此时它感觉安全且放松。故选B。15.【题干】From the text, we know that horses_.【选项】 Aare dangerous animalsBcan hardly survive in the wildCprefer to stay in groupsDhave different language systems【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。浏览全文可知，马不是危险的动物，排除A，而文中并未提到马在野外生存很艰难，排除B，结合"Horses have a language of their own."该句可知，马有自己的语言体系，也就是不同的语言体系，而D文中并未提到，故选C。第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子(第1625题，每题l分，共10分)阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：(1)从第l620题后所给的6个选项中为第15段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)从第2125题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将正确选项的字母写在答题卡上。 Hawaii, the Aloha stateHawaii is sometimes called "the Aloha StateAloha is a word in the Hawaiian language meaning love and peaceIt is often used as a way to say "hello" or "goodbye". Hawaii is like the word aloha, because it is a state that has two viewpoints: it remembers its history and looks toward the future.Hawaii is a U.S. state made up of a group of islands in the Pacific Ocean. It is made up of eight large islands and over 100 other smaller islands. It is the only state that is not in north AmericaThe islands were formed by volcanoes that erupted（爆发）and rose above the ocean. There are still active volcanoes in Hawaii.Because of its location, Hawaii has a tropical climateIt is warm, but usually not hot, year longRarely does the temperature drop below 60 degrees Fahrenheit（华氏温度）, although it may occasionally snow at the top of some of the mountains.Once called the Sandwich Islands by Europeans, Hawaii is thought to have been settled by ancient sailors from other islands in the PacificThe British explorer Captain Cook was thought to be the first European to find the islands in 1778. Because of its location, Hawaii became a frequent stop for European traders and ships. Hawaii was an independent country before it became part of the United States in 1893. It was governed by either a king or a queen It is one of the only four U.S. states to have been a country before statehoodIt was admitted into the Union in 1959 as the 50th state.Today Hawaii is important as a vacation destination. Each year over 6 million people visit Hawaii to enjoy the beaches, the beautiful ocean, and the historical Hawaiian cultureCome and visit HawaiiYou are sure to love it!16.【题干】Paragraph_.【选项】 AMild climateBLocal customsCTourist attractionDLong historyEMeaning of AlohaFGeographic features【答案】E【解析】第一段主要描述的是Aloha的意思，与E相对应，故选E。17.【题干】Paragraph_.【选项】 AMild climateBLocal customsCTourist attractionDLong historyEMeaning of AlohaFGeographic features【答案】F【解析】第二段主要讲的是夏威夷的组成与形成，提到了火山之类的地理知识。而F选项为地理特征，与选段大意相符，故选F。18.【题干】Paragraph_.【选项】 AMild climateBLocal customsCTourist attractionDLong historyEMeaning of AlohaFGeographic features【答案】A【解析】第三段的中心句为第一句，第二句"It is warm, but usually not hot, year long."提到夏威夷的气候温暖，不怎么热。选项A为温和的气候，与第三段意思相符，故选A。19.【题干】Paragraph_.【选项】 AMild climateBLocal customsCTourist attractionDLong historyEMeaning of AlohaFGeographic features【答案】D【解析】第四段全段描写的是夏威夷这么多年来的历史进程，与D选项漫长的历史意思相同，故选D。20.【题干】Paragraph_.【选项】 AMild climateBLocal customsCTourist attractionDLong historyEMeaning of AlohaFGeographic features【答案】C【解析】第五段的中心句为第一句，第一句"Today Hawaii is important as a vacation destination."提到夏威夷现在作为一个度假胜地而重要。与C选项相符，故选C。21.【题干】Aloha is often used as_.【选项】 AEuropean explorersBmountain peaksCits scenery and cultureDvolcanic eruptionsEa way of greetingFa king or a queen【答案】E【解析】题目大意：Aloha这个词经常被用作什么。定位到文中第一段第二句"It is often used as a way to say "hello " or "goodbye".可知，它经常被用作一种打招呼的方式，故选E。22.【题干】Hawaii islands are formed by_.【选项】 AEuropean explorersBmountain peaksCits scenery and cultureDvolcanic eruptionsEa way of greetingFa king or a queen【答案】D【解析】题目大意：夏威夷岛由什么形成。结合第二段" The islands were formed by volcanoes that erupted（爆发）and rose above the ocean."该句可知夏威夷岛由会爆发的火山组成，故选D。23.【题干】Visitors can see snow on_.【选项】 AEuropean explorersBmountain peaksCits scenery and cultureDvolcanic eruptionsEa way of greetingFa king or a queen【答案】B【解析】题目大意：游客可以在哪里看见雪。结合第三段"although it may occasionally snow at the top of some of the mountains"该句可知雪在山顶，故选B。24.【题干】Hawaii used to be ruled by_.【选项】 AEuropean explorersBmountain peaksCits scenery and cultureDvolcanic eruptionsEa way of greetingFa king or a queen【答案】F【解析】题目大意：夏威夷曾经被谁统治。结合第四段"It was governed by either a king or a queen"该句可知夏威夷曾经被国王或者王后统治，故选F。25.【题干】People visit Hawaii for_.【选项】 AEuropean explorersBmountain peaksCits scenery and cultureDvolcanic eruptionsEa way of greetingFa king or a queen【答案】C【解析】题目大意：人们因为什么原因去参观夏威夷。结合最后一段"people visit Hawaii to enjoy the beaches, the beautiful ocean, and the historical Hawaiian culture."该句可知，人们去夏威夷享受那儿的海滩，美丽的海洋，和历史风俗。与C项的风景和文化意思相同，故选C。第四部分：填句补文(第2630题，每题2分，共10分)   下面的短文有5处空自，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，请将正确选项的字母写在答题卡上。 George Washington CarverGeorge Washington Carver was born in Missouri between 1861 and 1864. He was born into slavery. It was not until the end of the Civil War that George became freeAs he grew up, George loved to read and learn. Black children were not allowed to go to the same schools as white children._（26）Every early morning, he left home to go to the schoolThere he studied very hard.After he finished high school, George wanted to go to collegeAt that time, few black students could afford the college tuition（学费）. He worked for a time until he could borrow money to go to collegeIn 1890 he went to Simpson College in Iowa._（27）His drawings plants were so good that his teacher suggested he study botany, which is the science of plants. George went to an agricultural college in Iowa in 1891, where he not only graduated but also taught students.George continued to study plants._（28）In 1896, he was invited to teach at the Tuskegee Institute in AlabamaHe worked there as a professor for 47 years. He also became an important research scientist. He discovered new ways to use plants._（29）These include dyes, plastics, paint, and make-up. He also taught farmers how to grow crops to help the soil, and new ways to farm.In 1943 George Washington Carver died._（30）There is a national monument to him in Missouri where he grew up. He has had a ship named after him. In 1990 he was admitted to he National Inventors Hall of FameThe boy who wanted to learn became a great inventor and scientist.26.【题干】_.【选项】 AThere he studied art and musicBHe found about 100 new ways to use peanutsCHe has been honored all over the world for his achievementsDHe became very famous for his workEAfter graduation, George began working for a law firmFThe schools for black children were far from where George lived【答案】F【解析】空格前一句的话意思为“黑人小孩不被允许与白人小孩去同一个学校”，空格后一句的话意思为“每天早上很早，他离开家去学校”结合上下文可推断，黑人小孩的学校很远，故选F。27.【题干】_.【选项】 AThere he studied art and musicBHe found about 100 new ways to use peanutsCHe has been honored all over the world for his achievementsDHe became very famous for his workEAfter graduation, George began working for a law firmFThe schools for black children were far from where George lived【答案】A【解析】结合下文可知乔治画画很厉害，所以可以推断出他在那所学校学习了美术，而选项中只有A选项提到了art，故选A。28.【题干】_.【选项】 AThere he studied art and musicBHe found about 100 new ways to use peanutsCHe has been honored all over the world for