人教版高中英语【选修八】[知识点整理及重点题型梳理]-Unit-4-Pygmalion语言点(共8页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上人教版高中英语选修八知识点梳理重点题型（常考知识点）巩固练习Unit 4 Pygmalion语言点 学习目标重点词汇mistaken, hesitate, classify, betray, acquaintance, superior disgusting, remark, condemn, compromise, overlook 重点短语in terms of, pass off. as., fade out, show. in, in amazement, once more, in need of重点句型What if.?generally speaking一族知识讲解重点词汇mistaken【原句回放】There you are and you were born in Lisson Grove if Im not mistaken. 好了吧，你呀，如果我没有弄错的话，你出生在里森格罗佛。【点拨】mistaken adj. 错的，误解的If you thought she intended to be rude, you were mistaken.如果你认为她是有意粗鲁的，就错了。The minister doesnt use simple plain language, and what he says is often mistaken.那位大臣不用简单平实的语言，他所说的经常是错的。【拓展】mistake n. 错误，过失，误会vt. & vi. 误会，误解（mistook，mistaken）常见搭配：make a mistake 犯错误 by mistake错误地 mistake.for 误认为There must be some mistakes in this bill. Please add up the figures again.账单一定有错，请再加一遍数字。I mistook Anna for his sister. 我把安娜当作他妹妹了。【补充】There you areThere you are这里是口语用法，可以表示“就是这些；这就是你要的东西；拿去吧。你瞧；我说对了吧”等等。hesitate【原句回放】A gentleman passes and hesitates for a moment. 这时有位先生从这儿路过，他迟疑了片刻。【点拨】hesitate vi. 犹豫，迟疑常见搭配：hesitate to do 犹豫做某事 hesitate about / over doing sth. 对犹豫不决In case you need something, please dont hesitate to ask me. 需要什么一定找我。Though she hesitated for a moment, she finally went in and asked to see a dress in the window. 她犹豫了一下，最后还是进去要求看看橱窗里的一件女装。She hesitated over the choice between the two blouses for her daughter.给女儿买两件衬衫中的哪一件，她犹豫不决。【拓展】hesitation n. 踌躇，迟疑常见搭配：without (the slightest) hesitation 毫不迟疑地，毫不犹豫地I have no hesitation in saying that I dont like it.我一点也没有犹豫就说我不喜欢它。classify【原句回放】Simply phonetics studied and classified from peoples own speech. 语音学对人的发音进行研究、分类，如此而已。【点拨】classify vt. 分类；归类；把分等级常见搭配：classify sth. by/ according to 根据为某物分类 classify sth. in / into 把某物分成 classify sth. as 把归类为In the library, books are usually classified by subjects.图书馆的书通常按科目分类。Is this article classified as a novel or a report? 这篇文章是归到小说类还是报道类？【拓展】classified adj. 分类的；分等级的classification n.分类法;分类classified advertisements 分类广告In this paper, we present a novel text classification method. 本文提出了一种新的文本分类方法。betray【原句回放】But they betray themselves every time they open their mouths. 但是他们一张嘴就会露出马脚（暴露自己的身份）。【点拨】betray vt. 出卖，背叛；泄露常见搭配：betray oneself 露出本来面目 betray sth. to sb. 向某人泄露某事Her face betrayed her nervousness. 她的脸上流露出紧张。The officer betrayed the secret to his friends. 这位官员把秘密透露给他的朋友们。【拓展】 betrayal n. 泄露，出卖 a betrayal of my principles 出卖我的原则acquaintance【原句回放】And I came to England to make your acquaintance! 我也正是到英国来找你的！【点拨】acquaintance n. 熟悉, 认识；知识（不可数名词）熟人（可数名词）常见搭配：make ones acquaintance /make the acquaintance of sb. 结识某人have an acquaintance with 与.相识，了解have no acquaintance with 不熟悉，不了解We made acquaintance the other day. 前几天我们结识了对方。I have some acquaintance with English, but I do not know it well. 我了解一点英语，但是不精通。He is not a friend, only an acquaintance. 他不是朋友，只是一个熟人。【拓展】acquaint vt. 使了解，使熟悉 acquainted adj. 熟悉的superior【原句回放】superior【点拨】superior adj. 优秀的，较高的，上级的，品质优良的 n. 上级，长官常用搭配：be superior to比更优越，优于This hotel serves a superior grade of coffee. 这家旅馆提供高级咖啡。 His superior manner made people hate him. 他高傲的态度使人们都不喜欢他。This carpet is far superior to that one in quality. 这块地毯在质量上比那块好很多。注意：superior隐含着比较的意义，因此前面不能再加more。与另一事物比较时，加介词要用to，不能用than。【拓展】类似结构：inferior to 低于 senior to 比年长(资深) junior to 比年幼(资浅)disgusting【原句回放】Id never have come if Id known about this disgusting thing you want me to do.【点拨】disgusting adj. 使人反感的，令人厌恶的 Rubbish was piled everywhere it was disgusting. 垃圾堆得到处都是真恶心。Smoking is a really disgusting habit. 吸烟真是令人厌恶的习惯。 Its disgusting to hear him boasting about his new car.听他吹嘘他的新车真让人恶心。【拓展】disgust n. 厌恶 vt. 使厌恶（反感） Your habits disgust me. 你的习惯让我反感。【Unit 4 Pygmalion词语精讲】remark【原句回放】You can place a man by just a few remarks. 你可以根据几句话判定是哪个地方的人。【点拨】remark v. 谈到，评论；注意,觉察A local newspaper remarked that crime was on the decrease. 当地一家报纸评论说犯罪率在下降。 Prof. Smith remarked on the difference between the two dictionaries.史密斯教授对两本词典的区别做了评论。 I remarked the tense atmosphere as soon as I entered the room. 我一进屋就觉察到了那种紧张的气氛。【拓展】remark n. 言辞;谈论,评论C；注意;察觉U常见搭配：remark on/upon/about/at. 有关.方面的评论He had a habit of making humorous remarks. 他习惯做幽默的点评。He saw nothing worthy of remark at the exhibition.在展览上他没看到任何值得注意的东西。condemn【原句回放】.the English that will condemn her to the gutter to the end of her days. .英语说得那样糟糕，命中注定要在贫民窟里待一辈子了。【点拨】condemn vt.1. 责难,责备,（强烈）谴责 (+as)We condemn his foolish behavior. 我们强烈谴责他的愚蠢的行为。She is often condemned as uncaring. 人们经常责备她对别人漠不关心。2. 宣告有罪,判.刑 (+to)The judge condemned the thief to one year of hard labor. 法官判这个小偷一年的重体力劳动。3. 迫使处于(不幸的状态)；使某人注定要(+to)Paralysis of the lower limbs condemned him to a wheelchair. 下肢瘫痪使他注定要坐轮椅了。4. 宣告不适用(不完善等)The old bridge has been condemned. 已经宣布这座旧桥不能用了。compromise【原句回放】Oh, she is so deliciously low. (compromises) OK, Ill teach you. 噢，她真是粗俗得可爱。（提出折衷办法）好吧，我教你。【点拨】compromise1. n. 妥协 I hope we shall come to a compromise. 我希望我们会达成一个折衷的方案。The interior decoration of the house is a compromise between Chinese and foreign styles. 房子的内部装潢是中外风格的和谐的融合。2. n. 连累,危及(+of)She did it without compromise of her reputation. 她在不危及她的声誉的情况下做了此事。3. vt. 连累,危及You will compromise your good name if you associate with these people. 你如果与这些人联系会危及自己的好名声。4. vt. 放弃(原则等);泄露(秘密等) He refused to compromise his principles. 他拒绝放弃他的原则。5. vi. 妥协,让步(+on)I wanted to go to Greece, and my wife wanted to go to Spain, so we compromised on Italy.我想去希腊，我妻子想去西班牙，于是我们互相妥协去了意大利。overlook【原句回放】But you cannot overlook that! 但是可不能小看这个问题了！【点拨】overlook vt.1. 眺望;俯瞰The house on the hill overlooks the valley. 山上的房子俯视着山谷。2. 看漏;忽略(+v-ing)My calculation was wrong because I overlooked one tiny point. 我的计算出了错，因为我忽略了一个微小之处/小数点。Im sorry because I overlooked feeling your feelings.对不起，我忽略了感受你的感受。3. 宽恕,宽容He has been kind enough to overlook my fault. 他很好心，宽恕了我的过错。4. 细看;检查He overlooked the contract before he signed it. 签署前他仔细检查了一遍合同。5. 照管;监视She did not know that she was being overlooked by the woman next door. 她并不知道她一直被隔壁的女人监视着。6. 高耸于之上The monument overlooks the square. 纪念碑高耸在广场之上。 重点短语in terms of【原句回放】Correct all these sentences in terms of grammar, spelling, etc, so that she can use them properly. 从语法、拼写等方面改正这些句子，以便她能恰当地使用它们。【点拨】in terms of 至于，就.来说，在.方面The book has been well reviewed, but in terms of actual sales it hasnt been very successful.这本书得到了好评，至于实际销售还不是很成功。Were thinking in terms of moving to the south, as there are so few jobs in the north. 我们正考虑迁居南方，因为北方工作那么少。【拓展】含in的介词短语in need of 需要 in charge of 负责in search of 搜寻 in hope of 希望in honor of 纪念；尊重 in favor of 有利于in spite of 尽管in case of 以防；万一in place of 代替This project is in great/urgent need of funds. 这个工程迫切地需要资金。pass off as【原句回放】 But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassadors garden party. 不过，先生，（高傲地）要是一旦有人教她把英语说好了，她就可以在3个月后冒充公爵夫人出席大使举办的花园晚会了。【点拨】pass off as 冒充成She passed herself off as an experienced actress. 她冒充成有经验的女演员。He passed his secretary off as wife. 他让秘书冒充他的妻子。【拓展】含pass短语：pass off 冒充，停止，进行pass on to .把传递给 pass out昏倒,失去知觉 pass away 去世pass by 走过;不理会 pass sth. down 使流传fade out【原句回放】Thats usually considered very effective .(fades out as they go off stage together) 那通常被认为很有效.（两人一起朝台下走去，声音逐渐减弱）【点拨】fade out (声音、画面) 逐渐模糊、渐淡When you turn off a transistor radio, the sound fades out gradually. 关闭半导体收音机时, 声音慢慢消失。 In Japan this custom is slowly fading out. 在日本这个习俗正逐渐消失。【拓展】fade away （记忆力等）渐渐消失注意：fade away表示声音渐渐消失时, 与fade out, die away通用。show. in【原句回放】Show her in, Mrs Pearce. 皮尔斯夫人，带她进来。【点拨】show in 带/领进来I was shown in as soon as I arrived. 我一到就被领进去了。【拓展】相关短语：show sb. out领某人出去 show sb. around 领某人参观某地 show off 炫耀 show up 出现；揭露in amazement【原句回放】(looking at the collected money in amazement) Well, I never. A whole pound! (惊奇地看着收集起来的钱) 啊，我还从来没有见过！整整一个英镑呢！【点拨】in amazement 惊讶地，震惊地They took out a million pound note in amazement from the envelope.他们吃惊地从信封中拿出一张一百万英镑的钞票。All the people nearby looked at the big fire in amazement. 附近的人们都吃惊地看着大火。【拓展】类似短语：in surprise in astonishment in shock once more【原句回放】Once more, take her away, Mrs Pearce, immediately. 我再说一遍，把她带走，皮尔斯夫人，立刻带走。【点拨】once more/ again 再来一次，再来一遍 You have every reason to try it once more. 你有充分的理由再试一次。 Once again the station came in sight. 那车站又在眼前出现了。【拓展】once构成的一些短语：at once 立刻，马上 all at once 同时，突然more than once 不止一次 once and again 屡次，再三地once in a while 有时，偶尔地 once upon a time 从前in need of【原句回放】Shes in need of both. 这两个方面她都需要。【点拨】in need of 需要The house is in need of a thorough clean before we move in. 房子需要彻底打扫一下我们才能搬进去。He said he was in great need of my help. 他说他非常需要我的帮助。【拓展】in need在贫困中,在危难中，处于困境（经济上）；需要帮助We are collecting money for children in need. 我们在为贫困儿童募捐。When (you are) in need, dont hesitate to ask me for help. 需要时，请不必客气地找我帮忙。 重点句型What if.?【原句回放】What if I was? 如果我是又怎样呢？【点拨】What if.? 要是.会怎样呢？ 倘若.又如何？注意：What if? 相当于“What would happen if .?”，表示假设、邀请或建议，可以用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气（一般过去时或should+动词原形）。 What if she forgets to bring the tool? 要是她忘记带工具怎么办？What if this problem had to be solved in the next half-hour? 在接下来的半小时里，如果这个问题必须解决，你会怎样做?What if you join us for lunch? 同我们一起吃午饭怎么样？What if we moved the sofa over here? Would that look better?要是我们把沙发挪到这边来会怎么样？看上去会不会好一些？【拓展】类似省略句型：What for.? 为何目的？为何理由？What though.? 尽管.有什么关系？What of it? 那又怎么样呢？（承认某事属实，想知道为何重要）So what? (口语)那又怎样？（认为某事无关紧要或反驳他人的指责）generally speaking一族【原句回放】Generally speaking, people are more polite to those who they think are of a higher social class and less polite to those they consider are members of a lower class. 一般来说，人们对于他们认为地位比他们高的人要更礼貌一些，而对于他们认为地位低一些的人，他们的礼貌就差一些。【点拨】generally speaking 一般来说Generally speaking, girls can learn English better than boys. 一般来说，女孩学英语比男孩学得好。Generally speaking, those who pay attention to physical exercise are in good health.一般来说，那些注意体育锻炼的人身体健康状况良好。【拓展】类似结构：strictly speaking 严格地说 personally speaking 就个人而言broadly speaking 广义地说 in general 总的来说，大体上 as a general rule 一般而言，在通常情况下专心-专注-专业