法兰盘技工的回转工作台外文翻译(共11页).docx

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上本科生毕业设计（论文）专业外文翻译原 文：Design and research direction of the rotary table 译 文：回转工作台的设计与研究方向 指导教师 ： 王宇平 职称： 副教授 学生姓名 ： 张志凯 学号： 专 业 ： 机械设计制造及其自动化 院（系） ： 机电工程学院 2014年3月20日专心-专注-专业Design and research direction of the rotary tableAbstract：this paper introduces the basic content and the principle of the rotary table design, put forward the research direction of the rotary table, broaden the design idea of designer.Improve the efficiency of the rotary table design, shorten the development cycle of new type rotary table, through the study of this article is for the quality of products of pre-assessment, determine the scope of the production and processing of precision index provides an important basis.Keywords：rotary table；design and research；new ideas；developments0 IntroductionOn April 11 to 16, 2011, the theme of "science and technology innovation to meet the crisis generation" of the 12th China international machine tool exhibition (CIMT2011) was held in Beijing. In an economic crisis haze dissipating, slow recovery under the background of international economy, China's economy healthy and rapid development pattern, is attracting more and more attention. In this exhibition, the knowledge of machine tools, tools, manufacturing enterprises at home and abroad Gather in Beijing, as the economic crisis after the baptism of machinery industry brought a feast full of imagination and creativity of science and technology. Is the exhibition of machine tool accessories exhibition In terms of product, high efficiency, high precision, high reliability, high life still is to develop the theme of pursuit. As for the machine tool accessories rotary table is no exception. Rotary table is divided into indexing table, and rotary table. Indexing table can only be completed dividing movement, there is no function of feed. Can be used with work as a whole, can also be used alone. Common positioning pin and rat tooth plate; Nc rotary table is the ideal matching accessories of all kinds of CNC milling machine and machining center. Turn back to the table design Process includeThe basic types of rotary table s not only the mechanical drive mechanism, and it also involves the mechanical and electrical control system, the design idea of the two parts as the demand of the market and customers, constantly update and perfect, therefore, the design and research direction of the rotary table directly affect the benefit and the rise and fall of the turntable production enterprises. 1 The basic types of rotary table 1.1General turntable Rotary table is boring machine, drilling machine, milling machine and the slotting machine, and other important accessories, used for processing and there is a requirement for dividing hole, slot and slope, turn the workbench when processing, can be processing arc surface and groove, etc. According to the structure is divided into different levels turntable general turntable, lie the turntable and universal turntable. (1) water flat turntable: on the frustum of a cone with central hole workpiece positioning and clamping with T slots. Mesa engraved with 360 ° on the outer periphery of uniform scribed line. Mesa between base and a worm pole - worm gear pair, ratio of 90:1 or 120:1, to drive and dividing, worm out from base with dial and segment at the end of the handwheel. Turn the handwheel to drive mesa, and the mesa cylindrical week scale (in degrees) and subdivision dial readout rotation Angle. Dividing accuracy is commonly + 60 ". Levels turntable worm out side can also be used coupling connected to machine transmission device, in order to realize the dynamic drive.(2) lie turntable, the base has two perpendicular installation base, make mesa can be level Also can be vertically.(3) the universal turret: mesa can be within the scope of 0 ° 90 ° inclined at any Angle, make the workpiece at any Angle of space can be accurately adjusted. 1.2 precision turntablePrecision turntable Used for processing or Angle measurement on precision machine tools. Common optical turntable, digital display turntable and super precision contrate gear plate of turntable.Optical rotary table: (1) on the spindle is equipped with glass or metal precision dial, the optical system to subdivide scale, amplification, through the eyepiece or screen Angle value.(2) digital turntable: mounted on the turntable spindle precision circular grating or round inductosyn and display unit by the number of words the Angle value. The above two precision turntable dividing precision up to + / - 1 ".(3) the ultra-precision end tooth disc turntable: use a pair of precision of research on 1440, 720 or 360 tooth face tooth disc dividing positioning, the indexing accuracy up to + / - 0.01 ", make a precise Angle measurement. 2 The design parameters and the working principle of rotary tableRotary table design parameters include: rotary table, table size, total table high degree, bearing table, feed speed, turning back to speed range, fast speed rotary speed, electric power, rotary table, dividing precision and measurement system, etc. This study is based on mechanism of shaanxi institute of technology laboratory of general rotary work Stage, through to tear open outfit, clear the turntable within the department of mechanical transmission mechanism, it is a mesa, pedestal, worm gear, worm, positioning3 Rotary table of research ideas and methodsRotary precision of the rotary table is a main technical bottlenecks, if technology and breakthrough in the continent before it has problems, design and manufacture of our country turntable will by "manufacturing power" to "manufacturing power" transformation of a major step forward.3.1 mechanical partsMainly the mesa rotary table with body contact structure design and optimization, generally adopts the sliding and rolling two ways; Second worm and worm wheel design and optimization. In short, the mechanical design involves the various parts of the turntable and parts of process structure, mechanical properties and movement characteristics, etc. Our basic CAD/CAM/CAE technique was used to realize, such as using Pro/E5.0, SolidWorks, CAXA three-dimensional parameterized modeling software to a part of the rotary table zero structure simulation design and research; By using Pro/E5.0, MasterCAMX to make the simulation of machining parts and nc code generation, etc.; Using ANASYS parts for various parts for the turntable mechanical performance analysis, further optimize the structure of the process.3.2 control partTurntable control system design is also a key technical problems, implementation approach are: PLC control system, single-chip microcomputer control system and industrial control system, three categories. Turn our manufacturing control system in the manual, mechanical and electrical automation, digital control stage of development, is climb the new peak, are at a higher level of information control intelligent direction development. Intelligent machine research and development and extensive application, will promote the rapid, healthy and sustainable development of turntable industry in China, and lead a profound change in the future manufacturing, turn back to the workbench products with new image and concept to attract the customers is the focus of every enterprise instead.3.3 rotary table of green manufacturing design and manufacture of rotary table should also adopt a variety of energy conservation and emissions reduction technology, to the userAnd advocating the meaning of low carbon and green manufacturing way. Traditional thinking and the change of production pattern is experiencing a deep carved, more and more machine tool accessories manufacturing enterprises have to shoulder social morality and responsibility given by the low carbon way, step into the governance and development of the road of scientific development, a green industry Revolution is here is machine tool industry rise. Through technical innovation, process optimization, reduce material and oil-water separation automatic recovery, dust collection and recycling, self-lubricating material application, such as less oil lubrication technology measures to reduce emissions, reduce the impact on the environment.4 ConclusionThe equipment manufacturing industry is the cornerstone of a country's industry, it is a new technology, the development of new products, and provided an important means of modern industrial production, is an indispensable strategic industries.Even the developed industrialized countries, also attaches great importance to.Mechanical, electrical and data processing system and the combination of numerical control technology, leading the new production and processing.In 2011, is China's first year of "twelfth five-year" plan. "Twelve five" period, I have to to the national economy in various fields to carry out the scientific outlook on development as the theme, to speed up the transformation of the mode of economic development as the main line, in-depth technical innovation and development mode change. Rotary table no longer so "machinery", become more and more" Bright", let us together look forward to the birth of intelligent rotary work table! Reference1 Cui Xufang, zhou, the principle of nc rotary table and design J, brick and tile, 2008, NO. 6:23-27;2 Zhao Qun, processing center of rotary table parts structure analysis J, equipment design and maintenance, 2002, NO. 5:35-36;3 Yang jian, Liu Hu, dividing the experience of using rotary table J, machinery manufacturing, 1998, NO. But - 6;4 Yang Chunhua, Xu Yaokun, general improvement of rotary table J, motorcycle technology, 2003, NO. 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McGraw Hill, New York, 198612 the knowledge of the five-axis linkage CNC machine tools, machine 66 navigation network, 2007-12-28;13 five-axis linkage CNC machine tools for die &mold the significance of (a), good mechanical and electrical network, the 2007-12-05; 14Hwang,JiSeon,PhD.Five-axisNCmachiningofcompoundsculpturedsurfacesM.P URDUEUNIVERSITY,1997.回转工作台的设计与研究方向摘要：本文主要介绍了回转工作台设计的基本内容和思路，提出了回转工作台的研究方向，拓宽了设计人员的设计思路。提高了回转工作台设计的效率，缩短了新型回转工作台的开发周期。通过本文的研究也为产品质量的预评价、确定生产加工的精度指标范围提供了重要依据。关键词：回转工作台；设计与研究；新思路；发展动态0 引言 2011 年 4 月 11 日至 16 日，主题为“以科技创新迎接后危机时代”的第十二届中国国际机床展览会(CIMT2011)在北京隆重举行。 在 经济危机阴霾逐渐消散、国际经济缓慢回暖的背景下 ，中国经济健康、 快速的发展模式，正在吸引越来越多的目光。 在本届展会上，国内外知名机床、工具制造企业云集北京，为经济危机洗礼后的机械产业带来了一场充满想象力与创造力的科技盛宴。 就本届展览会的机床附件展 品而言，高效率、高精度、高可靠性、高寿命仍然是开发追求的主题。作为机床附件的回转工作台也不例外。回转工作台分为分度工作台和数 控回转台。分度工作台只能完成分度运动，没有进给功能。可以与工作台作为一个整体使用，也可以单独使用。常见的有定位销式和鼠齿盘 式；数控回转工作台是各类数控铣床和加工中心的理想配套附件。回转工作台设计过程不仅包括机械传动机构，而且也涉及机电控制系统，这两部分的设计内容随着市场和客户的需求，不断地更新和完善，因此，回转工作台的设计与研究方向直接影响转台生产企业的效益与兴亡。1 回转工作台的基本类型 1.1 通用转台 回转工作台是镗床、钻床、铣床和插床等重要附件 ，用于加工有分度要求的孔、槽和斜面，加工时转动工作台，则可加工圆弧面和圆弧槽等。通用转台按结构不同又可分为水平转台、立卧转台和万能转台。（1）水平转台 ：在圆台面上有工件定位用的中心孔和夹紧用的T型槽。 台面外圆周上刻有360°的等分刻线 。台面与底座之间设有蜗杆-蜗轮副，速比为 90:1 或 120:1，用以传动和分度,蜗杆从底座伸出的一端装有细分刻度盘和手轮。 转动手轮即可驱动台面 ，并由台面外圆 周上的刻度（以度为单位）与细分刻度盘读出旋转角度。 分度精度一般 为±60。水平转台的蜗杆伸出端也可用联轴器与机床传动装置联接，以实现动力驱动。（2）立卧转台：底座有两个相互垂直的安装基面 ，使台面既可水平也可垂直放置。（3）万能转台：台面可以在 0°90°范围内倾斜任意角度，使工件空间的任何角度都能准确调整。1.2 精密转台精密转台用于在精密机床上加工或角度计量.常见有光学转台、数显转台和超精密端面齿盘转台。（1）光学转台：主轴上装有玻璃或金属精密刻度盘 ，经光学系统将刻度细分、放大，通过目镜或光屏读出角度值。（2）数显转台：转台主轴上装有精密圆光栅或圆感应同步器 ，由数字显示装置读出角度值。上述两种精密转台的分度精度最高可达±1。（3）超精密端面齿盘转台：利用一对经过精密对研的 1440 齿、720 齿或 360 齿的端面齿盘分度定位,其分度精度最高可达±0.01，作精密角度计量用。2 回转工作台的设计参数及工作原理 回转工作台的设计参数包括：回转工作台、台面尺寸、工作台总高 度、工作台承重、进给速度、回转速度范围、快速回转速度 、电机功率 、回转台分度精度及测量系统等。 本次研究的基础是陕西理工学院机制实验室的普通回转工作 台 ，通过对其进行拆装研究 ，理清了转台的内部机械传动机构，它是有台面、台座、蜗轮、蜗杆、定位元件及手轮等相关元件组成。 其中，传动机构的关键部件就是蜗轮与蜗杆，当然蜗杆在 台座的一侧有预留的孔 道 ，安装时直 接旋入即可 ，蜗轮一般与台面采用螺栓连接，而且之间不能又相互运动。 注意在装配蜗轮蜗杆机构时， 首先应该安放蜗轮与台面的连接体 ，再旋入蜗杆 ，如果安装次序颠倒将无法正确装配。 假设当使用电机驱动时，电机轴每转动 40 转，蜗轮轴转动1转，即蜗杆蜗轮副的传动比为 40：1。如果使用手柄 ，手柄转40 圈，分度主轴转过一圈。 因此分度手柄转一圈，主轴转：360o/40=9°。 于是就知道手柄的转数 n 与工作台的旋转角度 的关系式：工作台转角以“度”为单位是：n=/9°转；工作台转角以“分”为单位是：n=/（9°×60）转；工作台转角以“秒”为单位是：n=/（9°×60×60）转。3 回转工作台的研究思路及手段 回转工作台的回转精度是主要技术瓶颈问题 ，如果突破这具有前 瞻性的重大技术问题，我们国家的转台设计制造将由会“制造大国”向 “制造强国” 的转变迈进了一大步。3.1 机械部分 主要是回转工作台的台面与台身的接触结构的设计与优化 ，一般 采用滑动和滚动两种方式；其次蜗轮蜗杆的设计与优化。 总之，机械部 分设计涉及到转台各部分的零部件的工艺结构 、力学性能及运动特性 等 。我们基本采用 CADCAMCAE 来 实 现 ，例如采用Pro/E5.0、SolidWorks、CAXA 等三维参数 化 造型软件对回转工作台的个部分零件进行仿真设计与结构研究 ；采用 Pro/E5.0、MasterCAMX 进零件的仿真加工与数控代码的生成等；采用 ANASYS 对转台各部分零件进行力学性能分析，进一步优化其工艺结构。3.2控制部分 系统、单片机控制系统及工控机控制系统三大类。 我国的转 台制造控制系统在经历了手动、机电液自动化、数字控 制发展阶段之 后，正在 攀 越 新 的 高 峰 ，正 在 向 更 高 层 次 转台的控制系统设计也是很关键的技术问题 ， 实现思路主要有： PLC 控制的信息控制的智能化方向发展。智能机床的研发和广泛应用，必将促进我国转台产业快速、健康和可持续发展 ，并引领未来制造业的深刻变革 ，回转工作台产品以全新的形象和理念吸引广大用户也是每个企业倍加关注的焦点 。3.3 回转工作台的绿色制造 回转工作台的设计制造也应采用多种节能减排技术 ，向用户诠释和倡导低碳的含义和绿色制造方式。 传统思维和生产模式正在经历深 刻的变革，越来越多的机床附件制造企业已经肩负起低碳方式赋予的社会道义和责 任 ，步入边治理边发展的科学发展之路 ，一场绿色产业革命正在机床行业蔚然兴起。通过技术创新、加工工艺优化、减少用材及油水自动回收分离、粉尘收集回收、自润滑材料应用、少油润滑等技术措施减少排放，降低对环境影响。4结论 装备制造业是一国工业之基石，它为新技术、新产品的开发和现代工业生产提供重要的手段，是不可或缺的战略性产业。即使是发达工业化国家，也无不高度重视。机械、电气和数据处理系统与数控技术相结合，引领了新的生产加工理念。2011 年，是中国“十二五”规划的开局之年。 “十二五”期间，我国国民经济各领域都要以贯彻科学发展观为主题 ，以加快转变经济发展 方式为主线，进行深入的技术创新和发展方式变革。回转工作台已不再那么“机械 ”，变得越来越“聪明”，精度更高要在不断提高回转工作台工作性能，才能在实质上提高我国数控机床的整体水平，使我国装备制造业得到长足发展。参考文献1崔旭芳，周英.数控回转工作台的原理和设计J.砖瓦，2008，NO.6：23-27；2赵群.加工中心回转工作台部件的结构分析J.设备设计与维修，2002，NO.5：35-36；3杨坚,刘湖兰.用回转工作台进行分度的经验J .机械制造，1998，NO.7：6-6；4 杨春华，徐耀坤.普通回转工作台的改进J .摩托车技术，2003，NO.11：27-27；5孙德洲.采用双楔环-钢球定位的新型回转工作台J.工艺与装备，2005，NO.4：82-84；6 焦志贤，顾瑞华.回转工作台分度的改进J.机械工艺师，1995，NO.9：23-23；7 杨惠忠.大型回转工作台安装调试中的误差分离与补偿技术的研究J.机械，VOL32，NO.6：22-24；8 庞志伟.数控镗床回转工作台维修调整J.设备管理与维修，2007，NO.3：59-59；9陈建刚.基于可编程控制器的回转工作台控制系统设计J.机械制造,2008,46 (1):36-39.10De Garmo EP, Black JT.材料与工艺制造. 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