高分子英文词汇(共11页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上第一章 高分子链的结构aeolotropy 各向异性anti-configuration 反型；反式构型atactic polymer 无规（立构）聚合物average root-mean-square 均方根backbone 主链backbone motion 主链运动backbone structure 主链结构branched polymer 支化聚合物carbon chain 碳链chain conformation 链构象chain element 链单元；链节cis-configuration 顺式构型cis-isomer 顺式异构体cis-isomerism 顺式异构现象cis-stereoisomer 顺式立体异构体cis-trans isomerism 顺-反（式）异构现象cis-trans isomerization 顺反异构化characterization 1表征；表征法 2检定；检定法configuration 构型conformation 构象covalent bond 共价键cross link 交联；交联键cross linkage 交联crosslinked network 交联网crosslinked polymer 交联聚合物differential thermal analysis 差热分析differential thermogravimetric analysis 微分热重分析differential thermogravimetrie curve 微分热重曲线degree of isotacticity 全同（立构）规整度degree of order 有序度degree of syndiotacticity 间同（立构）规整度degree of tacticity 构型规整度diisotactic 双全同立构的direction of orientation 取向方向end-to-end distance 末端距fork chain 支链fork group 支基 quitactic polymer 全同间同（立构）等量聚合物erythro-diisotactic 叠（同）双重全同立构eutacticity 理想的构型规整性ditactic 构型的双中心规整性；degree of isomerization 异构化flexibility 柔性；柔顺性free internal rotation 自由内旋转freely jointed chain 自由连接链functional group 功能基；官能团Gauss chain 高斯链Gauss distribution 高斯分布Gaussian chain 高斯链Gaussian distribution 高斯分布Gaussian network 高斯网络non-Gaussian Chain 非高斯链non-Gaussian distribution 非高斯分布geometrical isomer 几何异构体geometrical regularity 几何规整度graft 接枝物graft block copolymer 接枝嵌段共聚物graft copolymer 接枝共聚物graft copolymerization 接枝共聚graftomer 接枝聚合物graft polymerization 接枝聚合head-tail sequence 头尾顺序head-to-head 头-头接head-to-head polymer 头-头接聚合物head-to-tail polymer 头-尾接聚合物hot setting resin 热固性树脂isotactic 全同立构；等规立构isotactic chain 全同立构链isotactic configuration 全同立构型isotacticity 全同立构规整度isotactic polymer 全同立构聚合物iso-trans-tactic 反式全同立构linear chain 直链linear chain polymer 直链聚合物linear copolymer 线形共聚物linear macromolecule 线形大分子linear molecule 线形分子linear polymer 线形聚合物high polymer 高聚物half polymer 低聚物highly branched chain 高度支化链heat of crystallization 结晶热flexible linear macromolecule 柔性线形大分子flexible side group 柔性侧基interpolymer 共聚体long chain branching 长链支化long chain molecule 长链分子holotactic 全规整macromolecular 大分子的；高分子的macromolecular compound 大分子化合物；高分子化合物macromolecule 大分子；高分子main chain 主链main polymer chain 聚合物主链molecular bond 分子键molecular configuration 分子构型monomer 单体mutamer 旋光异构体mean square end to end distance 均方末端距nonlinear polymer 非线型聚合物net structure 网状结构network polymer 网状聚合物network structure 网状结构optical isomer 旋光异构体；旋光异构物ordered structure 有序结构random copolymer 无规共聚物polymer chain 聚合物链；高分子链polymer single crystal 聚合物primary structure 一级结构；初级结构regularity 规则性；整齐度distance 均方根末端距rotamerism 几何异构现象；旋转异构现象rigid chain 刚性链rigid macromolecule 刚性大分子straight-chain polymer 直链聚合物secondary structure 二级结构syndiotactic 间同立构的syndiotactic polymer 间同立构聚合物stability 稳定性star polymer 星形聚合物statistical copolymer 无规共聚物spatial structure 空间结构sub-chain motion 链段运动trans isomerism 反式异构（现tertiary structure 三级结构unperturbed chain dimension 未受扰分子链尺寸；无扰分子链尺寸valence bond 价键valence distance (=bond length) 键长；键距laevo-configuration 左旋构型microstructure of polymer 聚合物的微结构microtacticity 微观规整性short range structure 近程结构molecular motion 分子运动molecular model 分子模型第二章      高分子的聚集态结构 intermolecular attraction 分子间引力hydrogen bond 氢键amorphous 非晶的；无定形的amorphous birefringence 非晶双折射amorphous material 非晶材料；无定形材料amorphous phase 非晶相amorphous polymer 非晶态聚合物amorphous region 非晶区；无定形区axial orientation 沿轴取向auto-orientation mechanism 自取向机理biaxial orientation 双轴取向biaxial stretch 双轴拉伸crystal 结晶；晶体crystal angle 晶角crystal defect 晶体缺陷crystal diffraction 晶体衍射crystal grain 晶粒crystal lattice 晶格crystalline copolymer 结晶共聚物crystalline orientation 晶体取向crystalline polymer 结晶聚合物crystalline portion 结晶部分crystalline region 晶区crystalline structure 晶体结构crystallinity 结晶性；结晶度crystallite 微晶；晶粒crystallite dimension 晶粒尺寸crystallite size distribution 晶粒大小分布crystallizable polymer （能）结晶聚合物crystallization 结晶（作用）crystallization rate 结晶速率crystallization temperature 结晶温度crystallize 结晶cubic system 立方晶系chain folding 链折叠chain-folded lamellae 折叠链片晶degree of crystallinity 结晶度程度degree of orientation 取向度diffraction 衍射diffraction angle 衍射角diffraction pattern 衍射图形；衍射花样diffractometer 衍射仪extended chain crystal 伸直链electron microscope 电子显微镜expanded material 发泡材料; 晶体birefringence 双折射density crystallinity 密度结晶度folded chain 折叠链folded chain crystal 折叠链晶体folded chain lamellae 折叠链晶片folded chain model 折叠链模型folded configuration 折叠构型folding length 折叠链长度liquid crystal 液晶lamellae 片晶lamellae structure 片晶结构lattice 晶格；点阵lattice constant 晶格常数lattice energy 晶格能lattice model 晶格模型lattice structure 晶格结构monoclinic 单斜（晶）的mono-crystalline 单晶的morphological structure 形态结构molecular orientation 分子取向non-crystallizable polymer 不结晶聚合物one-way orientation 单向取向orientated polymer 取向聚合物orientated polymerization 取向聚合orientation 取向orthorhombic unit cell 斜方晶胞platelets 片晶polarize 起偏（振）镜；起偏光镜polarizing microscope 偏（振）光显微镜polaroid （人造）偏振片物；起偏振片single crystal 单晶small angle scattering 小角散射      第三章      高分子溶液 viscometry 粘度法gelatination 胶凝（作用）；胶凝化gel point 凝胶点coacervation 凝聚coagulation point 凝固点；凝结点equilibrium swelling 平衡溶胀heat of solution 溶解热gel 凝胶；冻胶ideal solution 理想溶液fractional precipitation 分级沉淀fractional solution 分级溶解fractionation 分级non-ideal solution 非理想溶液solubility 溶解性；可溶性solubility parameter 溶度参数soluble polymer 可溶性聚合物dilute solution 稀溶液dilute solution theory 稀溶液理论dilution free energy 稀释自由能dilution heat 稀释热dilution viscometer 稀释粘度计free energy 自由能free energy of mixing 混合自由能entropy of mixing 混合熵     polar polymer 极性聚合物第四章 高聚物的分子量和分子量分布average molecular weight 平均分子量Z-average molecular weight Z均分子量Z-average molecular weight Z均分子量weight average molecular weight 重（量平）均分子量apparent molecular weight 表观分子量critical entanglement molecular weight 临界缠结分子量end effect 末端效应end group 端基end group method 端基法测分子量intrinsic viscosity 特性粘数intrinsic viscosity number 特性粘数narrow molecular weight distribution 窄分子量分布mean molecular weight 平均分子量molecular weight 分子量molecular weight determination 分子量测定molecular weight distribution 分子量分布molecular weight distribution curve 分子量分布曲线number average molecular weight 数均分子量scattering angle 散射角relative viscosity 相对粘度viscometric average molecular weight 粘均分子量viscosity 粘度viscosity-average molecular weight 粘均分子量viscous 粘的；粘性的logarithmic viscosity number 比浓对数粘度kinematic viscosity 比密粘度non-polar polymer 非极性聚合物interfacial tension 界面张力density gradient column 密度梯度管density gradient sedimentation 密度梯度沉降法density gradient tube 密度梯度管concentration gradient 浓度梯度    第五章      聚合物的转变与松弛  stress relaxation 应力松弛stress-strain curve 应力-应变曲线deformability 变形性deformation 形变；变形deformation band （滑移）形变带continuous stress relaxation 连续应力松弛characteristic relaxation time 特征松弛时间discrete relaxation time 离散松弛时间epitaxy 外延；取向生长glasslike polymer 类玻璃聚合物glass point 玻璃点glass temperature 玻璃化（转变）温度glass transition 玻璃化转变glass transition region 玻璃化转变区glass transition temperature 玻璃化转变温度glassy compliance 玻璃态柔量glassy modulus 玻璃态模量glassy polymer 玻璃态聚合物glassy state 玻璃态half-crystallization time 半结晶期half life period 半衰期fractional free volume 自由体积分数free volume 自由体积noncrystalline 非晶的noncrystalline region 非晶区kinetic of crystallization 结晶动力学nuclei 复核；晶核nucleus （复 nuclei）核；晶核nucleus formation （晶）核生成（作用）rubbery plateau zone 橡胶高弹区rubbery state 橡胶态rubbery plateau zone 橡胶高弹区rubbery state 橡胶态rate of crystal growth 晶体生长速率transition zone 转变区compression deformation 压缩变形compression modulus 压缩模量heterogeneous nucleation 异相成核dimensionless glass transition 无量纲玻璃化转变thermo-mechanical curve 热机（械）曲线；温度形变曲线permanent deformation 永久变形non-reversible deformation 不可逆形变；永久形变thermal deformation 热变形thermal degradation 热降解thermal dilation 热膨胀compression set 压缩变形initial modulus 起始模量initial tangent modulus 起始切线模量instantaneous compliance 瞬时柔量instantaneous deformation 瞬时形变instantaneous elasticity 瞬时弹性instantaneous elastic recovery 瞬时弹性回复instantaneous modulus 瞬时模量dynamic mechanical double glass transition 动态力学双重玻璃化转变delayed deformation 延迟形变recrystallization 再结晶（作用）relative deformation 相对形变relative elongation 相对伸长thermogravimetric curve 热重（分析）曲线；温度重量曲线第六章  橡胶弹性  anisotropic 各向异性的anisotropy 各向异性（现象）blend 1共混物 2共混blending polymer 共混聚合物dynamic elasticity 动态弹性delayed elasticity 延迟弹性elastic 弹性的elastic anisotropy 弹性各向异性elastic compliance 弹性柔量elastic constant 弹性常数elastic deformation 弹性形变elastic elongation 弹性伸长elastic extension 弹性延伸elastic isotropy 弹性各向同性elasticity 弹性elasticity modulus 弹性模量elastic property 高弹性elastomer 高弹体；弹性体elastomeric state 橡胶高弹态；高弹态high elastic deformation 高弹形变high elasticity 高弹性high elastic rubber 高弹性橡胶long range elasticity 高弹性ideal elasticity 理想弹性ideal elastomer 理想弹性体non-elastic deformation 非弹性形变initial elasticity 初弹性；瞬时弹性perfect elastic body 理想弹性体 modulus of elasticity 弹性模量modulus of rigidity 刚性模量temporary set（高）弹性形变dynamic resilience 动态弹性回复dynamic rigidity 动态刚度；动态刚性rubber elastic behavior 橡胶弹性行为；高弹行为entropic deformation mechanism 熵变形机理entropy-elastic deformation 熵弹形变entropy elasticity 熵弹性entropy spring 熵弹簧nature rubber 天然橡胶non-Hookean elasticity 非虎克弹性natural cis-polyisoprene 天然顺式聚异戊二烯；天然橡胶natural draw ratio 固有拉伸比；自然拉伸比one-way drawing 单向牵伸draw 拉伸draw ratio 拉伸比Poissons ratio 泊松比  第七章  聚合物的粘弹性  anelasticity 滞弹性dynamic compliance 动态柔量dynamic creep 动态蠕变dynamic mechanical behavior 动态力学行为dynamic mechanical property 动态力学性能dynamic mechanical test 动态力学试验boltzmann superposition principle 波尔兹曼叠加原理relaxation phenomenon 松弛现象relaxation spectra 松弛（时间）谱relaxation time 松弛时间retardation time 推迟时间retarded elasticity 推迟弹性superposition principle 叠加原理nature time (=relaxation itme) 松弛时间；自然时间non-linear viscoelasticity 非线性粘弹性recovery creep 回复蠕变principle of superposition 叠加原理time of relaxation 松驰时间time-temperature equivalent principle 时-温等效原理time-temperature superposition principle 时-温叠加原理creep 蠕变creep compliance 蠕变柔量creep curve 蠕变曲线dashpot 粘壶dynamic modulus 动态模量dynamics 动力学dynamic state 动态dynamic viscoelastometer 动态粘弹谱仪dynamic viscosity 动态粘度；动力粘度elastoviscometer 弹性粘度计elasto-viscous system 弹粘体系elastoviscous polymer 弹粘性聚合物distribution of retardation times 推迟时间分布Hookean elasticity 虎克弹性Hookean spring 虎克弹簧immediate set 瞬时变形initial creep 起始蠕变mechanical relaxation 力学松弛viscous elasticity 粘弹性stickiness 粘性compression stress relaxation 压缩应力松弛maximum relaxation time 极大松弛时间distribution of relaxation times 松弛时间分布stretch(ing) 拉伸tangent of the loss angle 损耗角正切mechanical loss factor 力学损耗因子loss angle 损耗角loss factor 损耗因子loss modulus 损耗模量loss tangent 损耗角正切intermittent stress relaxation 间断应力松弛discrete viscoelastic spectra 离散粘弹谱lastics 1塑料 2弹塑料；弹塑（性）体damping 阻尼；减幅damping factor 阻尼因子distortion 扭变；畸变;双定向的第八章  聚合物的屈服和断裂work-to-break 断裂功yield 屈服yield strength 屈服强度yield stress 屈服应力Youngs modulus 杨氏模量 root-mean-square end-to-end rupture mechanism 断裂机理；破坏机理modulus of rupture (=flexural strength) 抗弯弹度；挠曲强度unnotched Izod impact strength 无缺口悬臂梁式抗冲击强度impact strength 冲击强度crack 1裂缝；龟裂；裂纹 2裂化craze 银纹load-elongation curve 载荷-伸长曲线fissure 裂缝；裂隙flexing resistance 抗挠性；耐屈挠性flexural modulus 挠曲模量flexural strength 挠曲强度fluid resin 液态树脂fracture 断裂；破裂fracture energy 断裂能fracture mechanism 断裂机理fracture surface energy 断裂表面能fracture toughness 断裂韧性fragility 脆性；易碎性friability 脆性；易碎性friction 摩擦frictional damping 摩擦阻尼fringe 条纹elongation 伸长extended length 伸展长度extension 伸长；延伸extension at break 断裂伸长extension modulus 拉伸模量extension ratio 拉伸比fabricability 加工性failure 破裂；破坏fatigue 疲劳fatigue cracking 疲劳龟裂fatigue curve 疲劳曲线fatigue failure 疲劳破坏fatigue strength 疲劳强度fatigue test 疲劳试验faying surface 接触面bending modulus 弯曲（弹性）模量bend(ing) strength 弯曲强度bend(ing) stress 弯曲应力breaking elongation 断裂伸长第九章 聚合物的流变性  rheology 流变学rheometer 流变仪anti-swelling 抗溶胀性anti-thixotropy 非触变性；非摇溶（现象） apparent area 表观面积apparent density 表观密度apparent fluidity 表观流度apparent viscosity 表观粘度die swell(ing) 挤出胀大；模口胀大die swell ratio 挤出胀大比dilatability 膨胀性dilatate 膨胀dynamic (=dynamical) 1动态的 2动力学的dynamic chemorheology 动态化学流变学flowability 流动性flow behavior 流动行为；流动特性flow birefringence 流动双折射flow curve 流动曲线flow diagram 流动图flow index 流动指数flow line 流线flow temperature 流动温度fluid 流体fluid mechanics 流体力学hydrodynamics 流体力学hydronamic orientation 流体力学取向non-recoverable flow 不可逆流动；塑性流动pseudo-plastic fluid 假塑性流体pseudo-plasticity 假塑性；非宾汉塑料pseudo-viscosity 假粘度；非牛顿粘度pure viscous flow 纯粘性流动rate of shear 剪切（变）速率melt crystallization 熔融结晶melt elasticity 熔体弹性melten polymer 熔融聚合物melt flow index 熔体流动指数melt fracture 熔体破裂melt index 熔体指数melting temperature 熔融温度melting viscosity 熔融粘度melt rheology 熔体流变学melt viscosity 熔体粘度telescopic flow 层流viscous flow 粘流drag flow 粘性流动Bingham body 宾汉体Bingham flow 宾汉流动Bingham model 宾汉模型Bingham plastic fluid 宾汉塑性流体Binghams yield valu