高一英语语法填空解题策略(有练习包含答案)(共12页).docx

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上英语语法填空解题策略2.1 解题步骤语法填空有其自身解题步骤可供借鉴。具体如下：（1） 通览全文、理解文章大意、弄清文章结构通览全文的目的是把握文章大意，为 “填空”做好“语意”上的准备。篇章层面的理解主要包括文章主旨要义的理解，作者观点、意图、立场，句与句之间的关系以及时态变换四个方面。了解全文大意，弄清全文脉络，弄清空格的句意。同时要特别注意整篇文章的时态转换，并把表示时空顺序的标志词及时间状语画出来。（2） 理解句子意思、分析句子结构、找出相应成分、注意前后文联系分析句子结构是答题的关键一步。做题时，首先确定句子的各个成分，还要注意各成分之间的联系。此时，要借助上下文的暗示或明示，确定需要填入词语的词性、形式和功能。（3） 充分利用已有提示有括号提示的空格可视作已知条件，要充分利用。先着手填入有括号的词语， 注意时态、语态和名词的单复数。所剩的空格越少，文章的大意越清晰，语法填空的难度也就相对降低。（4） 注意短语和句型对于一些固定短语和句型一定要熟记，这对于正确解题帮助很大。（5） 不要忘记再次通读全文，检查是否符合语法、前后逻辑等填空完成后要再次重读全篇，仔细核查全文语法是否正确，语意是否通顺，是否符合逻辑等。同时要注意检查单词拼写是否正确，书写是否规范，大小写有无疏漏等细节。专心-专注-专业2.2 考点攻略2.2.1 有提示词2.2.1.1 动词考点(1) 若句子中没有谓语，或已有谓语，但所填词与他是并列关系，填的词则是谓语动词。同时还需要考虑动词的时态语态，时态语态考虑要瞻前顾后。1. “If something does not happen soon,” I said to myself, “I (burn) alive!”【详细解析】will be burnt考查时态和语态。如果不采取行动，作者将被烧死，在 if 引导的条件状语从句中主句需要用将来时，且为被动语态。2. He was working on the assumption that if he produced a clone of the dog, his boss (approve) his promotion.【详细解析】would approve考查动词时态。根据 if 从句的时态 produced 可知主句用 would approve。3. The scientist screamed and fled from the room as any possibility of promotion (disappear) in that instant.【详细解析】disappeared考查动词时态，本句中 as 引导的从句的主语是 any possibility of promotion，整个故事都是以过去时态叙述的，故本空用谓语动词的过去式。4. After successfully raising the alarm, Bailey went downstairs to try to get out. But he (catch) in the fire.【详细解析】was caught考查动词时态和语态。be caught in the fire 意为“被困在大火中”。整个文章都是叙述过去发生过的事情，故用过去时态；且主语 he 和 catch 之间的为被动关系，所以答案为 was caught。5. Spiderman is one of the most famous comic book heroes of all time. He was created by Stan Lee in 1963. He (introduce) to the world in the pages of Marvel comic books.【详细解析】was introduced考查动词时态语态。本句话的主语 He 指的是 Spiderman，和 introduce “介绍”之间是被动关系，同时时间状语是 in 1963，故用过去时态，所以本空填 was introduced.6. Yet opportunity alone is not enough to create success; it must (seize) and acted upon in order to have value.【详细解析】be seized考查被动语态。机会必须“被”抓住，对它采取行动，它才有价值。7. Kern died in 1945 at the age of sixty. But singers continue to like Kerns songs because they can (sing) in many different ways.【详细解析】be sung考查动词语态。主语 they 指的是 Kerns songs, 和动词 sing 之间是被动关系。根据 can 可知本空用的是情态动词的被动语态，故填 be sung。8. If you let a baby grasp a stick and try to pull it away, he will hold it more and more tightly until his whole weight (hang) up.【详细解析】is hung考查被动语态。婴儿不会放下棒子，直到它整个地“被”提起，故用被动语态is hung。【牛刀小试】1. I was certain she would like it because I (tell) by my classmates that she loved hot food.【解析】was told考查谓语动词时态和语态。根据句子整体的时态是一般过去式，再根据“我” 是“被告知”，得出答案是 was told。2. His fear of failure (keep) him from classroom games that other children played with joy.【解析】kept考查动词时态。根据句子整体的时态 played 得出这里也需要使用过去式，得出答案是 kept。3. The country life he was used to (change) greatly since the opening policy.【解析】has changed考查动词时态。根据句意，“自从开放以来，他曾经习惯的乡村生活已经发生了巨大变化”可知，答案考查现在完成时。所以答案为 has changed。注意这道题目不能填写changing，句中 he was used to 是定语，修饰 country life 的，不能看作考查固定搭配 be used to doing“过去常常做某事”的用法。4. That was definitely not an attractive idea, so I politely declined her invitation, (close) my book and walked away.【解析】closed考查动词时态。在 so 引导的状语从句里面，根据句中 and 可知 decline/ close/ walk 这三个词都是并列的动词，故填过去式 closed。(2) 若句子中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就考虑用非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用ing 形式、ed 形式，还是不定式形式。（友情提醒：该知识点的考查需要考生熟练掌握非谓语动词用法）1. As he was thinking, the mixture thickened. He stared impatiently at it, (wait) for the shape of the animal that would shortly emerge.【详细解析】waiting考查非谓语动词。本句话的谓语动词是 started，空格处用非谓语动词，wait 和主语 He 之间是主动关系，用现在分词 waiting。2. I came across an interesting story when I visited my cousin in Henan Province, China. My cousin grew up with a girl (call) Li Shichun next door.【详细解析】called考查非谓语动词。本句话的谓语动词是 grew up，本空用非谓语动词作定语，a girl 和 call 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，相当于 who was called。3. But her mother wouldnt like her daughter (have) that name because she thought that sounded too much like a boys name.【详细解析】to have考查非谓语动词。would like sb. to do sth. 意为“想让某人做某事”，故本空填to have。4. She, together with her classmates, ends up (be) determined to become an engineer and contribute to the society!【详细解析】becoming考查非谓语动词。end up doing 意为“以而告终”。5. If his colleagues heard about his efforts, they would be bound (4) (stop) him.【详细解析】to stop考查非谓语动词。be bound to do sth.意为“一定会做某事”，故本空填 to stop。【牛刀小试】1. (follow) by many fans, the singer walked out of the hall.【解析】Followed考查非谓语动词。句子中已经有了谓语动词 walked out of，因此这里只能用非谓语动词的形式，而这里歌手是被很多粉丝跟随，故填 followed，放在句首需要首字母大写。2. (follow) the famous singer, the crazy fans walked out of the hall.【解析】Following考查非谓语动词。句子中已经有了谓语动词 walked out of，因此这里只能用非谓语动词形式，而这里粉丝们是主动跟随着那个有名的歌手，且非谓语动词与谓语动词没有先后关系，故填 following，放在句首需大写。3. The workers (build) the bridge came from all over the country.【解析】building考查非谓语动词。句子中已经有了谓语动词 came，因此这里只能填写非谓语动词，而这里工人们是正在修这个桥的，因此填写 building。4. The novels (write) by MoYan are popular, attracting more and more readers.【解析】written考查非谓语动词。句子中已经有谓语动词 are，因此这里只能填写非谓语动词， 而这里小说是被莫言写的，故填 written。5. (take) exercise is of great benefit to us.【解析】Taking考查非谓语动词。句子中已经有谓语动词 is 了，因此这里只能填写非谓语动词，这里是动名词短语 taking，放在句首首字母需要大写。6. (catch) the first bus, he got up early.【解析】To catch考查非谓语动词。句子中语境有了非谓语动词 got 了，因此只能填写非谓语动词，这里根据句义“为了赶上第一班车，他起床很早”，因此填写 to catch，表目的。放在句首需要首字母大写。2.2.1.2 词性转化考点词性转换题要先确定在句中的成分，根据该词在句子中所作那种成分来确定使用(1) 转化成名词作主语、及物动词或介词后宾语，在冠词、形容词性物主代词后，或“冠词+词”后，用名词形式；有时需要注意名词单复数。1. Later, she became famous when she invented a new way of holding up suspension (悬架) (bridge) during the building process.【详细解析】bridges考查名词复数。bridge 是可数名词，前面没有限定词修饰，故用复数形式。2. Gradually the cells began to form. A creature began to grow and develop (claw) and feathers!【详细解析】claws考查名词复数。and 连接并列词，空格处的词语与 features 词性并列，故填名词复数形式 claws。3. It was the school holidays, so her (daughter) Loren and Mollie, 17 and six, and 11-year-old son Charlie were sleeping in bed.【详细解析】daughters考查名词复数。根据空格后面的 Loren and Mollie 可知她的女儿们，故填daughters。4. Peter decides to use his powers to fight (enemy) who do cruel things to people.【详细解析】enemies考查名词复数。enemy “敌人” 是可数名词，前面没有冠词修饰，故用复数形式，指的是所有敌人。5. Some dictionaries even provide exercises to teach you how to use their (resource).【详细解析】resources考查名词。resource 当“资源”用时用复数形式 resources。【牛刀小试】1. With the rapid economic (grow) of our country, we now are eating a lot of food that is high in sugar and fat.【解析】growth考查词性转换。形容词 economic 修饰名词，因此这里填写 grow 的名词形式growth。2. there was a lot of information about the citys well-known tourist (attract)【解析】attractions考查词性转换。这里是固定搭配 tourist attraction“旅游景点”的含义，并且前面没有冠词修饰，所以这里要用 attract 名词的复数形式 attractions。3. Recognizing your bad eating habits is of great (important) in correcting the behavior.【解析】importance考查词性转换。这里是固定用法 be of + n，因此这里填写 important 的名词形式importance。4. John Snow was able to announce with (certain).【解析】certainty考查词性转换。这里根据句义“John 能够确切的宣布”，with 后面通常用名词形式，故填 certainty。5. December 10 was the anniversary of the (die) of Nobel.【解析】death考查词性转换。这里是固定用法 the + n + of 的结构，故填名词形式 death。(2) 转化为形容词/副词作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式 （如果名词之前，系动词之后缺词）。做状语修饰形容词或动词，通常用副词形式。1. The woman standing (stand) next to me (sudden) fell on the floor. I realized she was overcome by the smoke.【详细解析】suddenly考查副词。修饰动词 fell 用 sudden 的副词形式 suddenly。suddenly fell on the floor 意为“突然摔倒在地”。2. Her father considered him (admire) because he built bridges people can really count on.【详细解析】admirable考查形容词。句意：她的父亲认为李春是值得尊敬的。admirable 意为“令人尊敬的”，作宾语补足语。3. And she managed to get the (frighten) children out through a bedroom window and onto a flat roof.【详细解析】frightened考查形容词。修饰人用-ed 形式，frightened 意为“感到害怕的”。4. Some people were now waiting for her service and the waitress grew a bit (patience).【详细解析】impatient考查形容词。有些人在等着她提供服务，她有些不耐烦了，用 impatient。【牛刀小试】1. That has actually made me believe that I can make (wonder) dishes too.【解析】wonderful考查形容词。修饰名词的此行应该是形容词，故填 wonder 的形容词形式wonderful。2. We had an (amaze) conversation. He is (help) to others.【解析】amazing; helpful考察形容词。修饰名词形式的是形容词，且这里是修饰 conversation（物）的， 因此填“令人惊奇的”amazing；后面一空“他是很乐于助人的”，故填形容词helpful。3. Mr.Wang is a (fun) teacher.【解析】funny考查形容词。放在名词前面修饰名词 teacher（人），用 fun 的形容词 funny 修饰。4. (sad) the library had moved from its original place into another building.【解析】Sadly考查副词。句意：不幸的是，图书馆从原来的地方搬到另一栋楼。句子成分完整，所以 sad 应为副词 sadly，意为不幸的是。5. Walls made of adobe (土坯房）take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out heat (slow) during cool nights.【解析】slowly考查副词。句意：土坯房制成的墙壁在大热天吸收太阳的热量，并且在凉快的夜晚缓慢地释放热量。这里 slow 为形容词，该空需要是副词形式来修饰 give out，故答案为 slowly。注意：形容词和副词除以上考点外，还会涉及形容词的比较级和最高级考点通常，有表示范围的 in /of 介词短语或形容词前有 the 时，一般要用最高级；than 的前面一定要用比较级; “the+比较级，the+比较级”结构1. -These oranges are only a dollar.-Well, they are (cheap) than others, but they dont look as good.2. Shanghai is one of the (large) cities in the world.3. The (hard) you try to study, the more likely (可能的) you will succeed.（3）词性不变有些情况下有可能是词类不用变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加 un-等，在词根后加-less 等。1. He has strong determination and is (willing) to give up the opportunity.【详细解析】unwilling考查反义词。根据上下文句意可知 unwilling 符合语境。“他决心很大，不愿意放弃机会。”2. One main (advantage) of this area is that the public transport is not convenient.