48个国际音标发音规则及单词(共19页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上48个国际音标表元音12个单元音长元音i:u:a: 短元音iue 8个双元音aieiiiuau 辅音10对清辅音ptkfs trts浊辅音bdgvz drdz3个鼻音mn 3个似拼音hrl 2个半元音wj /i/-发音要领的是：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，舌两侧抵上齿两侧，口形偏平。/i:/-发音要领是发音时舌尖抵下齿，前舌尽量抬高、舌位高于/i/：口形扁平。/e/-发音时舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，舌位比/i:/低；唇形中常，开口度比/i:/大。/-发音时舌尖抵下齿；舌前部稍抬高，舌位比/e/更低；双唇平伸，成扁平形。/-/是长元音。发音时口张大，舌身压低并后缩，后舌稍隆起，舌尖不抵下齿。双唇稍收圆。/-发音时口张大，舌身尽量降低并后缩，双唇稍稍收圆。/-它是长元音。发音时舌后部抬得比/即美式/美式/高，双唇收得更圆更小，并向前突出。/u/-发音时舌后部抬起，舌身后缩，舌尖离开下齿。双唇收圆，稍突出。/-发音时舌后部尽量抬起，舌位比/u/即美式读音/英式读音/高。双唇收圆并突出。口形比/u/稍小。/-发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿，舌后部靠前部分稍抬起，唇形稍扁，开口度较大，与/相似。/-/是长元音。发音时舌中部比发/音时略高。双唇扁平。/-/是读短元音。发音时舌身平放，舌中部略隆起，双唇扁平。/ei/-先发/e/音，然后滑向/i/音。双唇稍扁，口形从半开到合。/-它由元音/滑向后元音/u/即美音和英音的/，舌位由半低到高，口形由半开到小。注意将音发足。/ai/-/ai/为双元音。先发/a/音，然后滑向/i/音。舌尖抵住下齿。发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足，注意从开到合的滑动。/au/-/au/或/由/a/滑向/u/。舌位由低到高，口形由大到小。注意将音发足。/i/-发音时双唇从圆到扁，口形从开到合。发好这个音的关键是首先要把后元音/a/发足，然后滑向/i/音。/i/-其发音要领是从/i/音滑向/音，美音则滑向/r/音。前面的/i/发得较清楚，后面的/或/r/较弱。双唇始终半开。此音一定要发足。/-其发音方法是从/e/音滑向/音。发间时舌端抵下齿，前舌略抬起，双唇半开，此音中的/有似于/e/音，/音较轻。/u/-发音时，嘴唇从收圆到半开。发好这个音的关键是首先要把/u/音发足，然后滑向/音。/p/ /b/-/p/是p的发音，/b/是b的发音。双唇爆破辅音。发音时双唇紧闭，憋住气，然后突灰分开，气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音。/p/是清辅音，声带不振动；/b/是浊辅音，声带振动。/t/ /d/-/t/是t的发音，/d/是d的发音。舌齿爆破辅音。发音时舌尖抵上齿龈，憋住气，然后突然分开，使气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音。/t/是清辅音，声带不振动；/d/是浊辅音，声带振动。/k/ /-/k/是字母k和字母c的发音，/是字母g的读音。舌后软颚爆破辅音。发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚，憋住气，然后突然分开，气流送出口腔，形成爆破音。/k/是清辅音，声带不振动；/是浊辅音，声带振动。/f/ /v/-/f/是f和ph的发音，/v/是v的发音。唇齿摩擦辅音。发音时下唇轻触上齿，气流由唇齿间通过，形成摩擦音。/f/是清辅音，声带不振动；/v/是浊辅音，声带振动。/ /-/是th的发音。舌齿摩擦辅音。发音时舌尖轻触上齿背，气流由舌齿间送出，形成摩擦音。/是清辅音，声带不振动；/是浊辅音，声带振动。/s/ /z/-/s/z/是s的发音，/z/又是z的发音。舌齿摩擦辅音。发音时舌端靠近齿龈，气流由舌端齿龈间送出，形成摩擦音。/s/是清辅音，声带不振动；/z/是浊浦音，声带振动。/ /-/是sh的发音，/是s的发音。舌端齿龈后部摩擦辅音。发音时舌端靠近齿龈后部，舌身抬起靠近上鄂，双唇稍收圆并略突出。气流通过时形成摩擦音。/是清辅音，声带不振动；/是浊辅音，声带振动。/h/-/h/是字母h的发音。声门摩擦辅音。发音时气流送出口腔，在通过声门时发出轻微摩擦；口形随其后的元音而变化。/h/是清辅音，声带不振动。/m/-/m/是m的发音。双唇鼻辅音。发音时软颚下垂，双唇紧闭，气流从鼻腔送出。/n/-/n/是n的发音。舌尖齿龈鼻辅音。发音时舌尖抵上齿龈，软颚下垂，气流从鼻腔送出。/-/是ng的发音。舌后软颚鼻辅音。发音时软颚下垂，堵住口腔通道，气流从鼻腔送出。声带振动。/w/-/w/是w的发音。舌后软颚半元音。发音时舌后部向软颚抬起，舌位高。双唇收小并向前突出，声带振动。发音短促，立刻滑向其后的元音。/l/-/l/是l的发音。舌端齿龈边辅音。发音时舌尖及舌端紧贴上齿龈，舌前向硬颚抬起，气流从舌的旁边送出。当此音为尾音时，将舌端抵住上齿龈，舌前下限，舌后上抬，舌面形成凹形。浊辅音、声带振动。/r/-/r/是r的发音。舌尖齿龈(后部)摩擦辅音。发音时舌尖卷起，靠近上齿龈后部。舌两侧稍收扰。双唇略突出。气流通过舌尖和齿龈形成轻微摩擦。浊辅音，声带振动。/j/-/j/传统的国际音标的读音符号该音是国音字母y在词首的读音，是舌前硬颚半元音。发音时舌前部向硬颚尽量抬起，舌位较高，双唇伸展成扁平状。它是个浊辅音，声带振动。/-/是ch的发音，/是dge的发音。舌端齿龈破擦辅音。发音时舌身抬高，舌端抵上齿龈后部，气流通过时发出破擦音。/是清辅音，声带不振动；/是浊辅音，声带振动。/ts/ /dz/传统的国际音标读音符号，新课本中美式、英式读音都没将其包括在内，破擦音/ts/、/dz/分别是字母组合ts和ds的读音。舌端齿龈破擦辅音。舌端先贴住齿龈，堵住气流，然后略下降，气流送出口腔。/ts/是清辅音，/dz/是浊辅音。/tr/ /dr/传统的国际音标读音符号。新课本中美式、英式读音都没将其包括在内。/tr/、/dr/分别是tr、dr的发音。齿龈后部破擦辅音。发音时舌身与/r/相似，舌尖贴齿龈后部，气流冲破阻碍发出短促的/t/后立即发/r/。/tr/是清辅音，/dr/是浊辅音。i:字母组合 ee ea e ie -three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece æ发音字母 a-bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall mane字母组合 ea e a-head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any字母组合ir ur ear er or-girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e u-teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today lesson control around account ago elephant manta banana Canada a: 字母组合 ar a-car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm发音字母 u o ou oo-up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood字母组合 al or au our ar-small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm quarrel quarter发音字母 o a-hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash watchu:字母组合 oo o u-food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full prudeu字母组合 oo ou u o-look good foot book wood should could put full bull pull push woman wolfei发音字母 a ay ea ai ey-name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they greyai发音字母 i y-bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eyeau字母组合 ou ow-house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town发音字母 o ow oa-home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flow boat coat goali字母组合 eer ear-beer deerear near here fierce idea字母组合ear air ere-pear bear chair air fair there where careu字母组合our ower-hour tour flower shower专心-专注-专业t tree two ten ton town twenty cityd door dull desk dose do dog dictionaryk king kite key look cook book kitchen sky g girl good goal goat grade long languagem man make moon morning move come combn pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean uncle bank English think thank junk  sing king morning l long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soulr read red right run room writef five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough v very evening even every voice vest ofs six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf z zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those that this those these though sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention h hot hop home house horse how who w when what where window wind wood j yes year yell you your yolk yellow child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk tr tree country try treat track trunk dr dry dream drop drive drink ts students boots boats goats nuts dz goods woods moods hoods By Jade第一章：五大发音要点！我们将复杂的(complicated)语音规则总结成五大发音要点，使一般人都能掌握(master)。它们是：长元音和双元音饱满；短元音急促有力；连音；略音和咬舌头。一、长元音和双元音饱满鬼鬼祟祟的英文就是鬼鬼祟祟(sneaky; lousy)的元音造成的！只要把元音发饱满(full; plump),你的()立刻会变得悦耳动听。那些英美流行歌手就是元音饱满的典范！1. Mike likes to write by the nice bright light at night.麦克喜欢在夜晚明亮的灯光旁写作。八次疯狂张嘴，元音极其饱满！2. Macao came back to China in 1999.澳门于1999年回归祖国。3. I like the shape of that mountain.我喜欢那座山的样子。包含了四个容易混淆的元音：形容山水最恰当！二、短元音急促有力4. Jim must study a little bit more.杰姆必须再多一下一点功夫。5. Let's get together again.让我们找一天再聚一聚。三、连音6. I'm working on-it.我正在努力。美国总统常用7. I'll think-it-over.我会仔细考虑的。 四、略音 第一条规则：以某音结尾的单词+同音开始的单词-只发一次即可！8. You ate-too much.你吃得太多了。9. I don't know what-to-do.我不知道该做些什么。两个辅音连接，只读后一个第二条规则：以t，d，k，g，p和b+以辅音开始的单词前面的发音“点到为止”，舌头达到发音中位，但不送气！10. Lend-me your black-bag.把你的黑包借给我。11. I don't-like-people asking me for money.我不喜欢别人问我要钱。12. Do you want-that-magazine?你要那本杂志吗？13. Do you need-that-pencil?你需要那只铅笔吗？14. Ask-Bob-to sit-behind-me.让鲍勃坐在我后面。15. Would you mind-giving me that-red-book? 你把那本红皮书给我，好吗？ 五、咬舌头16. There are thirty-three thousand three hundred and thirty-three feathers羽毛on that bird's throat.在那个鸟的颈部有三万三前三百三是三根羽毛。17. Neither father nor mother likes this weather.爸爸妈妈都不喜欢这天气。咬五次舌头 18. It's the same thing.都一样！19. Something is better than nothing.有总比没有好！20. Father and mother went through thick and thin.不管是顺境还是逆境，父母总是同甘共苦。同甘苦，共患难 第二章：地道美国味速成最能体现“美国味”的发音都集中在下面的句子中。其实做到很容易，只要你在练习的时候，尽量夸张(overdo, exaggerate)你的发音和口型，尽量放纵，尽量发泄，尽量慢，尽量拉长你的元音，并一口气读完整个句子。第一、 我们来看A，俗称“疯狂90度咧嘴”音。21. That black lad年轻人；少年was very sad because his dad had died in a bad accident in the factory.九个“疯狂90度咧嘴”音那个黑人少年极为忧伤，因为他爸爸在工厂的一起严重意外事故中丧身了。22. You shouldn't have done that.你不应该做那件事的实际上你做了。大家一起来数一数，看看下面的对话中出现了多少个(疯狂90度咧嘴音)23. A: What's thematter, Alice? You look sounhappy.爱丽丝，你怎么了？看来你很不高兴。B: Ihadabadday yesterday.我昨天倒霉了。A: Whathappened?出什么事了？B: I went shoppingandlost mybag.我昨天去买东西，把包给丢了。 A: Yourbag? Did you get itback?你把包丢了?找回来没有?B: I went backfor it. But it was already gone.我回去找了，包已经丢了。A: That'stoo bad. I'm sorry to hear that.真不走运，事真叫人遗憾。答案一共出现了13次“疯狂90度咧嘴”音,可以充分练习国际肌肉!设法尽早把你的中国肌肉变成国际肌肉( turn your Chinese muscle into international muscle ). 第二、我们来看i:，俗称穿针引线。24. Do you see the key on the seat?你看见座位上的钥匙了吗？三次穿针引线，也就是三次长元音i:。第三、Bi，俗称爱的大嘴音。25. It's inside my mouth.在我的嘴里。26. Would you mind * a little less noise?请您轻点儿，好吗？27. How nice of you to do that?你这样做真是太好了！28. He speaks very highly of you. 他对你赞不绝口。29. I'd drive five miles on Friday night to see a fight that I like.星期五晚上我要驱车五英里去观看我喜欢的拳击赛。第四、下面是一个，典型的美国特有的大嘴发音B。元音字母O在重读闭音节中，美音和英音有不同的发音。这是英美发音重大差别之一。这个音我们俗称为“啊，祖国的大好河山”疯狂感叹音。30. Do what you want.做你想做的。 31. Where is thewatchI put in mypocketto take to theshopbecause it hadstopped.因为停止了走动而放在我的口袋里要拿到店里去修的那块表在什么地方？32. I wassorryto hear your had news.听到你的坏消息我很难过。33. Do you oftenwatchtelevision?你经常看电视吗？34. I'llwatchthe baby while you're away.你们不在时我来照看孩子。35. I knowwhatyou mean.我明白你的意思。36. Try to finish the job as soon aspossible.设法尽早完成这项工作。37. I'vegota job for you, washthese dishes.我有点活给你做，把这些碟子给洗了。38. Thank god you're safe!谢天谢地，你平安无事。39. You go first and I'll follow (you) later.你先走，我接着就来。40. It's a very popular song.那是一首非常流行的歌曲。 第五、u，俗称舀水动作。41. He's one of my closest friends.他是我最亲密的朋友之一。 42. We're hoping to visit the US this year.我们希望今年能到美国访问。43. After this dry weather, everyone hopes for rain.在这样干燥的天气之后，备家都希望能下雨。44. The White House is the home of the President and his family.白宫是总统和他家庭的住处。45. When his wife died, he was very lonely.妻子去世后，他很孤独。46. Let me show you the photographs from my vacation.让我给你看一看我假期里拍的照片。 第六、BU ，俗称啊噢鬼哭狼嚎大嘴音。47. Get out of my house now.马上从我的房子里滚出去。48. How about going downtown now?现在去市中心，好吗？49. I'm so proud of you.我深深为你而骄傲。50. No doubt about it.毫无疑问。第七、Ci，俗称大小奥一音。51. I was annoyed at the boy for spoiling 糟蹋；破坏；损坏 the toy which belonged to Joy.这个男孩使我很生气，他糟蹋了乔伊的玩具。 第三章：中国发音习惯大突破下面我们来疯狂攻击辅音。因为中国各种方言影响根深蒂固，使得我们很多朋友有着顽固的发音障碍。 l和n52. I like listening to classical and light music.我喜欢听古典音乐和轻音乐。53. It's nice moonlight tonight.今夜月色迷人。r和l54. Foreign languages are really difficult to learn.很难学。55. We are terribly sorry for being late.非常抱歉我们来晚了。F和VF可以用汉字师傅尸体诗歌潮湿失恋来代替。*English *fish *wash *foolish56. You are foolish to say so. =It is foolish to say so.你这样说是愚蠢的。57. You must be patient with your students.你对学生必须有耐心。V可以用日来帮助发音。*pleasure *measure *treasure *usual *leisure58. She spends much of her leisure time watching TV.她花了多少空闲时间看电视。59. Reading gives me great pleasure.读书带给我很大的乐趣。tF和dVtF可以用汉字气来训练。*China *chair *chance *challenge *choice *charge 60. I changed my mind.我改变了主意。61. He charged five dollars for the cups.这些杯子他索价五元。dV可以用汉字“举”来训练。但是只发前半部分，轻轻地，温柔地发。*bridge *change *encourage *age *edge *manage62. My uncle manages the hotel我的叔叔经营那家旅馆。.63. She looks old for her age.她看起来比她的年龄老得多。ts和dzts可以用“雌”来帮助发音。*coats *roots *its *plates *let'sdz可以用“儿子”“滋润”“姿色”“艾滋病”来帮助发音。*foods *beds *birds *budsn,l和mm是闭嘴音。64. To speak English well, you must move your mouth and murmur to yourself all the time. 如果想要说好英语，你必须开口，并时刻自言自语。n开嘴应答音。65. It will be fun to go camping.去露营会很好玩。N开嘴撒娇音，气流要向鼻腔和头部上冲，舌身后缩。Thank you.谢谢！66. Everything is going fine.万事如意。 67. Nothing special!没什么特别的。68. She looks angry.她面有怒色。最后我们来攻击美国发音的另外一个最大特点：疯狂卷舌头。69. Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.只要有一点值得做的事情就值得好好做。70. World War Two was worse than World War One.二战比一战更残酷。71. Chinese people had a hard time during the Second World War.中国人民在二战中历尽磨难。 第四章：综合训练我们有一系列简易行的手势(gesture sign)，使你迅速掌握美国英语发音的秘诀，迅速摆脱中国式英语的痕迹。下面是综合训练，请同学们拿出你的激情和我们一起疯狂的做手势。 72. No pain, no gain.不劳而获。两次舀水，两次咧嘴73. We should keep our promise.我们应该遵守诺言。74. He should speak more slowly.他应该说的更慢。长音*短音*长音*卷舌音*舀水75. Girls should not stay out late at night. 女孩子晚间外出不可太晚回家。卷舌音*短音*感叹祖国山水大嘴音*咧嘴音*“啊噢”鬼哭狼嚎大嘴音*咧嘴音*略音*爱的大嘴音76. I've really enjoyed talking to you about old time.我很高兴与话旧。 77. You should have gone to see the doctor earlier.你早就该去看医生了。78. I had a test this morning. I didn't do well on the test because I didn't study for it last night. I should have studied last night.今天早晨我去考试了。考得不好，因为昨晚我没复习。昨晚我要是复习就好了。79. We went to the movie, but it was a bad movie. We wasted our time and money. We should not have gone to the movie.我们去看电影了，但影片很差。我们浪费了时间和金钱。早知道就不去了。疯狂语法“should not + 过去分词”表示“过去应该做但没有做”80. I have been looking forward to meeting you.我一直希望能认识你。常考试题。包含两条难语法，一见面就一鸣惊人！81. I have been hoping to see you for a long time.我很久以来一直希望见到你。82. A: What are you planning to do?你打算做些什么？B: I'm hoping to go to China.我希望去中国。两次疯狂张嘴，两次疯狂舀水 第五章：健康减肥下面和我一起来摸肚子，收小腹，促进健康又减肥！*city(城市) *better(更好) *dinner(正餐，晚餐)*ready(准备好) *busy(忙) *beautiful(美丽的) *begin(开始) *believe(相信) *black(黑色的)*civilization(文明) *clever(聪明的) *develop(发展)*different(不同的) *efficient(有效的) *finish(完成)*football(橄榄球) *gesture(手势) *headmaster(校长)*illegal (不合法的) *jump(跳跃) *knowledge(知识) *lipstick(口红) *medicine(药) *minute(分钟)*nonsense(胡说八道) *pleasure(愉快) *quality(质量)*relationship(私人关系) *relax(放松) *something(某事)*step by step(渐渐的) *terrible(可怕的) *trust(信任)*understand(理解) *visit(参观访问) *welcome(欢迎)*a zigzag path(蜿蜒的小径) *yesterday(昨天)83. Business is business.公事公办/公是公私是私。84. It is your business to take care of them.照顾他们乃是你的责任。85. He went into business at the age of ten.他十岁进入商界。86. He went to Japan on business.他因公去日本。第六章：绕口令绕口令(tongue twister)可以帮助大家集中轰炸难点发音，迅速获得发音真谛！87. She sells sea shells on the shining 光亮的 seashore, and shells she sells on the seashore are seashells 海贝 I am sure.元音及辅音1、元音 （1）单元音：iue与汉语单韵母对照 a:i:u: a o e i u ü 说明：先读汉语单韵母，并注意排序，再利用这个排序记英语单元音，易记。 （2）双元音：aieiau（ju：）与汉语复韵母对照：ai ei ui ao ou iu iu i 说明：根据汉语复韵母排序来记双元音第组，英语中无ui；au与ao， au与ou的写法不同；ju：/是双元音。 第组的相同点是都带，第组只有一个，直接记就行了。 2、辅音 （1）辅音总数：bpmfvdtnlgkh tFFVdztssW zTjwdrtrr 与汉语拼音对照： b p m f d t n l g k h jq x zh ch sh r z s y w 说明：1根据汉语声母排序来记英语辅音音标，汉语声母b、p、m、f、d、t、n、l、g、k、h与英语辅音b、p、m、f、 d、t、n、l、g、k、h基本一致；汉语声母j、q、x、zh、ch、sh、r、z、c、s、w与英语音标dz、ts、s、W、j、w作比较；dr、tr、r单独记。 2汉语拼音b、p、m、f的发音比英语音标b、p、m、f多一个音；j、q、x、z、c、s、r比英语音标dF、tF、F、dz、ts、s、W、z、T隔开一个i音。 （2）辅音的分类 分类一： 清浊成对的： 清：ptkfFsWtFtstr 浊：bdgvVzTdVdzdr 说明：可用谐音记忆法记住清辅音这一组，即：婆特客，福西施，七尽垂 p