《情态动词》的用法-教案(共4页).docx
精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上情态动词的用法教案一、教材分析:这是初中的一个较重要也有难度的知识点,作为动词中的一类,如何使用情态动词can(could) ,must, have to, may(might),shall(should),will, dare, need, aught to等是本次课程的重点内容.教学内容是介绍情态动词的定义、特点、以及最重要的用法;最后加以练习进行巩固二、教学目标: 1. 知识目标:要求学生掌握使用表示猜测的情态动词.2. 能力目标:通过引导,让学生能够说出学会情态动词的基本用法,在语境中的意思。3. 情感目标:让学生在学习中情态动词过程中体验英语的生动趣味性,引导学生提高对英语学习的求知欲。三、教学重难点教学重点: 学会运用情态动词can(could), must, may,might, shall,should, ought to ,will(would),dare, need, have to等的用法以及各个相近情态动词间的区分.教学难点: 各个情态动词的用法区分. 四、教学方法:以讲解为主,举例分析。五、教学过程教师:同学们,我们这节课要想学习的内容是情态动词的用法,那1这个情态动词其实我们对于我们来说也并不陌生,平时在句子的运用也很多,那么大家告诉我情态动词有哪些?常见的情态动词有: can(could), must, may,might, shall,should, ought to ,will(would),dare, need, have to(板书)我们这节课主要来归纳下它的用法1、 本身具有一定词意,但不能单独作谓语。为什么说情态动词不能单独作谓语呢?谓语是对主语动作或状态的陈述或说明,指出“做什么” “是什么”或是“怎么样”情态动词用在行为动词前,表示说话人对这一动作或状态的看法或主观设想。(举例:i can wash clothes)2、无人称和数的变化We must stay here. 我们必须待在这儿。He must stay here. 他必须待在这儿。3、情态动词后面紧跟的一个动词用原形 She may lose her way. 她可能迷路了。4、否定形式直接在后面加no下面我们开始逐个学习它们的用法1 首先是can/could的用法A.表能力can 表示现在的能力,could 表示过去的能力,要表示将来具备的能力通常 be able to 的将来时态。B.can 和could 表 允许,请求表示请求或者允许时,两者均可用,但用could 语气更委婉更为礼貌些;Can Could I come in?(允许)Can(could) you help me?(请求)若是自己允许别人做某事,一般只用 can,而不用 could。如:Can Could I come in? 我可以进来吗“Could Can I use your pen? ” “Yes,of course you can.”C.can 和could 表 推测对现在或将来的推测,两者均可用,但can 通常只用于否定句或疑问句中,一般不用于肯定句,而could则可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句;对过去的推测,应在 can,could 之后接动词的完成式,且此时can仍只用于否定句或疑问句,不用于肯定句;而could 则可用于各种句型。如:Can Could this be true? 这能是真的吗Where can could he have gone? 他能到哪里去了呢She cant couldnt have left so soon. 她不可能走得这么早。She could be at home. 她可能在家 2 must / may / might的用法这三个词常用于推测,在推测方面的用法分为四种情况。A.对将来情况的推测,用“情态动词 + 动词原形”。(1)She must / may / might arrive before 5.5:00前她一定/可能/也许到。B.对现在进行时的推测,用“情态动词 + be”,“情态动词 +be doing”e.g:(1)He must / may / might be listening to the radio now.他一定/可能/也许正在听收音机。(2)He may ( might ) not be at home at this time.这个时候他不可能/可能不在家。C. 对一般情况的推测,或“情态动词 + 动词原形”。 Everymornning he will sit here and read a newspaper.(每天早上他都会坐在这儿看报纸)D对过去情况的推测,用“情态动词 + have +过去分词”。e.g:(1)It must / may / might have rained last night .The ground is wet.地湿了,昨晚肯定/可能/也许下雨了。3 shall的用法A.表征求意见(“好不好”)Shall we go now?B.威胁、警告、命令或根据规定有义务做You shall leave at once!(威胁、警告)You shall clean theroom,it is your task.(义务,责任)C.表规章、法令、预言:“必须”用于所有人称Every paasenger shall wait in a line.4 should /ought to的用法注:情态动词 should /ought to表推测时,意为“想必会,理应”A.责任,义务或要求,有时表示劝告:You ought to /should pay more attention to what your lawyer says.B.表示推测和可能性,是“ (按理说)应该”之意肯定的语气没有must用于推测时强This pen ought to /should be yours.C.should与“have +过去分词”连用时,则又可构成虚拟语气意为例如:should have done 本应该做某事而没有做 Shouldnt have done 本不应该做某事却做了。5 Would和will的用法A 表示请求、建议等,would比will委婉客气。如:Would you pass me the book?B 表示意志、愿望和决心。Will表示现在的意愿,would表示过去的意愿,也可以表示现在的意愿,语较为委婉。如:I will never do that again.Yesterday he wouldnt helped me.I would like a cup of tea.C 用“will be”和“will(would) + have + 过去分词”的结构表示推测,前者表示对目前情况的推测,后者表示对已经完成的动作或事态的推测。如:This will be the book you want.He will have arrived by now.Dwill表示习惯、请求,固有性质等。Everyday he will sit here hour after hour doing nothing.(习惯)Will you help me with my English?(请求)E 表料想或猜想。如:It would be about ten when he left home.6 dare(dared) 的用法Dare作情态动词时,主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中,一般不用在肯定句中。如:How dare you say I'm unfair.He daren't speak English before such a crowd,dare he?She dare not say what she thinks.她不敢说她是怎么想的7 need的用法 need表示“需要”或“必须”,作情态动词时,仅用于否定句或疑问句中,在肯定句中一般用must,have to,ought to,或should代替。如:You neednt come so early. Need I finish the work today? Yes,you must.注意:needn't + 不定式的完成式“表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”。如:You needn't have waited for me.8must 和haveto的用法A. must表示的是说话人的主观看法,而have to则往往强调客观需要。如:The play is not interesting. I really must go now.这部剧没意思。我真的必须现在就走。B.二者的否定意义不大相同。如:You mustn't go. 你可不要去。You don't have to go. 你不必去。C.询问对方的意愿时应用must。如:Must I clean all the room?我一定要打扫整个房间吗? Yes,you must. No,you neednt.教师总结:这节课总结了主要的情态动词的用法,内容较多,给大家5分钟时间来消化下,看完后有什么疑问或是哪个词的用法不是很清楚就提出来。教师:教大家一个情态动词的口诀口诀:动词原形接后面,说话语气较委婉。can "能力"may"许可",must"责任"或"义务"。否定回答neednt换,"需要"need, dare"敢"。should"应该",would"愿",have to"被迫"表客观。3、课堂练习,复习巩固教师:我们学完了情态动词的用法,下面来做些练习。 2. Jane have come to the party, but she not find the exact time. A. could; could B. might; could C. should; could D. should; would 3. So many mistakes in your homework! You more careful. A. may be B. had to C. would be D. should have been 4Her brother be at home now, because he was seen playing basketball in the stadium just now. A. mustnt B. neednt C. cant D. shouldn't 5-I cant understand why our boss is late. -He the early bus. A. could miss B. may have missed C. can have missed D. might miss 专心-专注-专业