高中英语动词时态语态讲解及练习(共9页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高中英语动词时态语态讲解及练习1 、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often,always, from time to time等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。He usually goes to work at 7 ok everymorningcloc.The earth goes around the sun.Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.考点一： 表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned thatthe earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.考点二： 在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间： when, until,after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day;条件：if, unless, provided.If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.考点三： 在 make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。So long as he works hard, I donind when hetmfinishes the experiment.只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。考点四： 在 the more the more 越( 越 ) 句型中 , 若主句是一般将来时 , 从句通常用一般现在时。The harder you study, the better results you will get.2 、现在进行时表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如 always ， constantly ，continually ， again 等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。We are having English class.The house is being built these days.The little boy is always making trouble.考点一： 在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。Look out when you arecrossing the street.Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.考点二：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。Marry is leaving on Friday.3 、现在完成时专心-专注-专业表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语：考点一： for +时间段； since +时间点They have lived in Beijing for five years.They have lived in Beijing since 1995.I have learned English for ten years.考点二： 常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now;so far, these days,Has it stopped raining yet ?考点三： 在表示 “最近几世纪 / 年 / 月以来 ”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。in the past few years/months/weeks/days； over the past few years; during the last threemonths; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history等考点四：表示 “第几次做某事， ”或在“It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词 that”后面跟现在完成时。This is my first time that I have visited China.This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.That is the only book that he has written.4 一般过去时表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。 常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once;during the war; before; a few days ago; when,注意：考点一： used to + do ，表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。to为不定式，后接动词原形。be/become/get used to + doing，表示习惯于He used to smoke a lot.He has got used to getting up early.考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise5. 过去进行时表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work.He was taking a walk leisurely by the lake when he heard someone shouted for help.What were you doing at nine last night?The radio was being repaired when you called me.6. 过去完成时表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去 ”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用( before, after, by, up till )There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.By the end of last term we had finished the book.They finished earlier than we had expected.考点一：用于 hardly/scarcely.when; no sooner .than 句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang.（注意主谓倒装）考点二：表示 “第几次做某事 ”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.It was 3 years since we had parted。考点三：动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。用过去完成时，表I had hoped that I could do the job.I had intended to see you but I was too busy.7. 一般将来时表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用，其表现形式多达5 种。 Beijing will host the 29th Olympic Games in 2008.考点一：一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中：We will begin ourclass as soon as the teacher comes.（主句用一般将来时，从句中一定要用一般现在时替代一般将来时。）考点二：某些表示短暂性动作的动词如 arrive, come, go, leave, start 等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.考点三： “祈使句+ and/or +句子 ”，这种结构中and 后面的句子谓语用一般将来时。your head and you will find a way.考点四： “am (is, are) going to +动词原形 ”，表示打算要做的事或可能要发生的事。Use“ am (is, are) about to +动词原形 ”表示按照预定计划或打算准备着手进行的动作。“ am (is, are) to + 动词原形 ”表示必须、必然或计划将要做的事。 They are to be married in this May.8 、将来进行时表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。I ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow.明天这会我正在写作业。The President will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport.9、将来完成时表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。考点一：常用的时间状语一般用by+ 将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 oclockthis evening, by March next year以及由 by the time , before或when 等引导的副词从句。By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，将来完成时则由现在完成时表示。The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived back from school.10. 动词的语态一般用于强调受者， 做题时谓语动词不再有名词或宾语。动词的语态一般不单独考，而是和时态、语气和非谓语动词一起考，只是需要注意以下考点。考点一：不能用于被动语态的动词和词组come true, consist of, take place, happen, become, rise, occur, belong, break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, last, exist, fail, succeedIt took place before liberation.考点二：下列动词的主动语态表示被动意义, 而且常与 well, quite, easily, badly等副词连用。lock (锁 ) ; wash (洗 ); sell (卖 ); read (读 ); wear (穿 ); blame ( 责备 ) ；ride ( 乘坐 )；write (写 )；Glass breaks easily.玻璃容易破碎。The car rides smoothly.这车走起来很稳。The case locks easily.这箱子很好锁。The book sells well.这本书很畅销。考点三： 一些常用经典被动句型：It is said , It is reported , It is widely， believItisexpected这些句子一般翻译为“据说 ”， “人们认为 ”，而 “以前人们认为 ”则应该说： It was believed, It was thought, It is estimated,动词时态语态高考真题1. 【安徽卷】 24. I m calling about the apartment you _ the other day. Could you tellme more about it?A. advertised B. had advertised C. are advertising D. willadvertise2. 【北京卷】 23. Shakespeares play Hamletinto at least ten different films over thepast years.A. had been made . B. was made C. has been made D. would be made3.【北京卷】 25. - Do you think Mom and Dad _ late?- No, Swiss Air is usually on time.A. were B. will be C. would be D. have been4.【北京卷】 28. Hurry up! Mark and Carl _ us.A. expect B. are expecting C. have expected D. will expect5. 【北京卷】 32. - So what is the procedure?- All the applicants _ before a final decision is made by the authority.A. interview B. are interviewingC. are interviewed D. are being interviewed6. 高考英语【福建卷】 23. The famous musician, as well as his students, _ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2012 Taipei Flower Expo.A. were invited B. was invitedC. have been invited D. has been invited7. 高考英语【福建卷】 26. The girl has a great interest in sport and _ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.A. tookB. is takingC. takesD. has been taking8. 高考英语【湖南卷】22 “ What do you want to beI_ president，” said the boy, with a smil e.be？ ” asked Mrs. Crawford.Ahave beenBamCwas， “ Oh Dwill9. 高考英语【湖南卷】 24Around two o'clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat _ us.A bothersB had bothered C would botherD bothered10. 高考英语【湖南卷】26 If nothing _，A doe sB had been done Cwill doDis donethe oceans will turn into fish deserts.