2022年初中化学推断题专辑有答案2.pdf

初中化学推断题专辑有答案 （Junior chemistry deduction question album has an answer ）Junior High School Chemistry inference album 1. A, B, C, D, E, F, g are common substances, of which B, E, G belong to the elemental, the reaction is the main reaction in the ironmaking industry, the following diagram is the mutual transformation between them. Please answer: (1) A chemical formula for a substance. (2) write the chemical equation of reaction ,The name of the solid substance of C when the substance is used in real life. (3) Write a chemical formula that produces a red solid in the reaction .(4) The reason for the colorless gas g generated in the conversion of the above image is that Write the chemical equation of the reaction of the substance G and a in the heating condition 2. The existing mixture of three kinds of sodium salt which is soluble in water in middle school chemistry is dissolved in a colorless solution after water, and the following results are obtained: 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - - Try to answer the following questions: (1) The chemical formula of colorless gas d is, the chemical formula of white precipitate e is, the chemical formula of barium salt B. (2) The chemical formula of three soluble sodium salts contained in the original mixture is, respectively. 3. In order to remove salt (mainly NaCl) samples containing a small amount of magnesium chloride and sodium sulfate impurities, a student according to the basic principle of refined salt water in the chlor-alkali industry, using the knowledge to design the following figu re shown in the to step impurity scheme: Please answer the following questions according to the above-mentioned impurity scheme: (1) Sedimentation A is the solute in filtrate C; The effect of adding excess hydrochloric acid to the operation is.(2) Assuming that the material is not lost during the whole operation, the quality of the solid Dingzhong NaCl is higher than that of the original sample (fill up, no change or decrease); If the in the operation is replaced by an overdose of Koh solution, the impurities in the solid butyl may contain. 5. Existing A, B, C, D, E, F, g Seven of substances, C, F is 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - - the most common metal, B is the gas elemental, D is a light green solution, G is blue solution, they exist between the following relations: (1) Try to speculate the following chemical formula: b_, d_, f_. (2) write the chemical formula of ca transformation: _. 6. A, B, C, D, e are common in junior high school chemistry 5 kinds of colorless gas, of which 2 kinds are simple substance, 3 kinds are compound. The transformation between them is shown in the following figure. Please write down your inference results: A, B, C, D, E. 7. A, B, C, d four kinds of colorless solution, respectively, a dilute solution. A classmate only use purple litmus test liquid to distinguish these four kinds of solution. The experimental phenomenon is: (1) The purple litmus test liquid drops into the test tube containing a, B, C, d four kinds of solution respectively, a becomes blue, B does not change, C, D turn red; (2) Another to add a C, D solution in the test tube, c no obvious phenomenon, d in the white precipitate formation. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - - According to the above experiments, the solute in A is _ and the solution of solute is _ (filling letter code), the solution is _. If a silver nitrate solution is added to B, the _ _ 。8. It is known that a, B, C, d Four substances all contain the same element, where a is a simple substance, B is a black solid, and C is a red solid. There is a transformation between them: (1) A can be converted into B or C under different conditions, (2) A and dilute sulfuric acid reaction has d generation, (3) in high-temperature conditions, B, c respectively and colorless gas e reaction, can generate a and another colorless gas. According to the above information, write down the chemical formula of the following substances: A ； C ； D ； E 。9. The relationship between oxides, acids, alkalis and salts is one of the important learning contents in the natural science of junior Middle School. There is a transformation relationship as follows: Please write the chemical formula of a substance, the chemical formula of G substance. $number A white solid may contain one or more of several BaCl2, NaCl, $literal, $number, and CuSO4. The solid is carried out 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - - as follows. sampling, add sufficient amount of water, stir fully, filter. Get white precipitation A and colorless solution B. in white precipitation A add acid, precipitate all dissolved, release can make lime water turbidity of colorless gas. in colorless solution B add AgNO3 solution, get white precipitation, then add acid, white precipitate insoluble. Please answer the following questions. (1) The original white solid must not contain _; it must contain _. (2) The solute contained in the colorless solution B obtained by the experimental is _.(3) The original white solid may contain _ $number X is known to be poisonous and insoluble in water, Y is a gas that does not support combustion, Z is a solid that is insoluble in water, and the transformation between x, Y, Z is as follows. Please answer the following questions. (1) Write x chemical type _; (2) write the chemical equation of z and acid reaction to generate Y: _ 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - - (3) The composition and structure of matter determines the nature of matter is an important chemical thought. Gas x and Y both contain _ elements and _ elements, but their physical and chemical properties are different. Please cite an example of the different nature of X and Y _. $number A, B, C, D, e contain the same element, and the reciprocal transformation between them is shown in the right picture, and the same element contained in it is _ A copper B carbon C iron D calcium $number The existing af six kinds of common substances, of which B is the common desiccant in food packaging, A, B, c three kinds of white solids contain the same metal elements, E is a solid elemental, D, E, F all contain the same non-metallic elements, their transformation relationship is as follows. Please answer: (1) Write the following chemical formula: C_ B_ E_ 。(2) write the following chemical equations: A C：_；F D：_。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - - $number There is a colorless liquid a, in the power conditions, can produce B and h two kinds of elemental gas. Other relationships, as shown in the picture, Please complete the following questions. (1) Write the basic reaction type of reaction _. (2) write the chemical formula of the matter: A is _, G is _. (3) Write the chemical formula of reaction _. $number The alkali that is known to be insoluble in water is easily decomposed. such as:. There is a transformation relationship between a, B, C, D and e Five substances as shown in the following diagram: Please fill in the blanks below: (1) Chemical type _ of substance A; (2) The chemical reaction type of is _;The chemical equation of reaction is _.$number The material in the picture below is what you have seen in the chemistry of Junior high School. In addition to , the conditions for other reactions have been omitted. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - - writes the chemical equation of the reaction _. If E is a substance or an oxide, D is homogeneous, then the chemical formula of D is _; If E is a simple substance or acid, D is homogeneous, then the chemical formula of D is _; If E is a simple substance or acid, f is homogeneous, then the chemical formula F is _. when E is a simple substance, the chemical formula of the reaction is _. (either write one) when E is acid, the reaction may belong to _ (the letter ordinal) A Reaction B. Decomposition reaction C. Complex decomposition reaction d. Displacement reaction $number A, B, C, D, e are common in junior high school chemistry 5 kinds of colorless gas, of which 2 kinds are simple substance, 3 kinds are compound. The transformation between them is shown in the following figure. Please write down your inference results: A, B, C, D, E. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - - $number A solid may consist of one or more of several $number, NaCl, $literal, KNO3, and are now tested as follows: Try to answer: (1) The chemical formula of white precipitation A, colorless gas d. (2) The original solid must contain, must not contain, may contain. (3) In order to test whether the above-mentioned material may exist, some students have designed the following experimental scheme: take a small amount of solid dissolved in water, add a sufficient amount of BA (NO3) 2 solution, after the full reaction, filtration; The filtrate was added to the AgNO3 solution to observe the formation of white precipitate, and the conclusion was drawn. In the experimental scheme of one of the students mentioned above, the purpose of adding a sufficient amount of BA (NO3) 2 solution is .$number Existing Cu, CuO, CuSO4, C, CO, CO2 six kinds of substances, their reaction relationship is shown in the following figure (each letter in the figure represents one of the six substances mentioned above). 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - - (1) Please use the knowledge from junior high school to infer the chemical formula of the corresponding substance in the graph: Y, Z, W and N respectively. Y_ 、Z_ 、W_ 、N_ ；(2) Write mn chemical formula _;(3) Write the chemical formula of Xw _.$number A chemical reagent plant in a, B, C, d four of the waste water discharged from the workshop, respectively, contains sodium hydroxide, ferric chloride, sodium carbonate, hydrochloric acid, one of. In the case of no reagent, if the flow is controlled, they are discharged into the reaction tank, so that they react exactly, and the waste liquid in the environment can be discharged into the river. It is known that the effluent from workshop B is alkaline, the effluent from C workshop is color, the bubble in the reaction Pool 1 is produced, then the waste water discharged from a workshop contains _, and the waste water discharged from Workshop D contains _. The observed phenomenon in reaction Pool 2 is _, the chemical equation of reaction is _, and the main substance in the waste liquid of the river is _. $number There is a packet of white solid A, may contain, in a few, take a few A to do the following experiments, the main phenomenon as shown in the figure. Try the chemical formula in the blanks: 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - - (1) White precipitation B is _, D is _; (2) White solid A must not exist in the matter is _; (3) If white solid A contains only two kinds of substances, they are _; (4) What are the possible components of white solid A: _$number As shown in the figure is a common middle school phase of the transformation of a variety of substances, please answer the following questions as required. (1) If B is water, C, e are colorless solution, then A is _, write the chemical formula of the step reaction: _. (2) If B is acid, E, F are blue, then C is _, please write three different types of chemical _ that meet the requirements of a substance, write the chemical formula of step reaction: _. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - - $number A classmate induces the knowledge network of elemental compounds as shown in the figure, where a, B, C, D are four different iron-containing compounds. A is the main ingredient of rust, E, F is two kinds of colorless solution. Infer from the above information: (1) Write the chemical formula of the solute in E and F: E_ ；F_ 。：_ ：_ $number A chemical factory discharges the waste liquid to contain and. In order to reduce waste liquid pollution to the environment, and return to the cashier and copper, a chemical group of students designed the following program: $number Existing A, B, C, D, E, f six compounds and A, B, c three kinds of elemental, where a is black solid, C belongs to salts. They have the following transformation relationship under certain conditions: (1) The reaction belongs to the _ reaction (filling the basic reaction type). (2) The chemical formula of three kinds of substances: 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - - _, c_, d_. (3) Chemical equation of reaction _. $number In order to understand the geology of the Western hills of Beijing, the team selected two samples of D and J from the field, with the following experiments (some of which were omitted): (1) The main components of the Samples D and J are (in chemical expression) _, _. (2) The chemical formula of solid J for gas g in laboratory is _. (3) The chemical equation of partial reaction in the above experiment JH：_；F+X ：_；D+E ：_；B+C ：_。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - - $number A package of solids may consist of one or more of $literal, CaCO3, Fe (NO3) 3, BA (OH) 2, NaCl, and MgCl2. To determine its composition, perform the following experiments: take the sample into the small beaker, add water fully dissolved, static, there is white precipitation. to small beaker to add dilute nitric acid, began to be no phenomenon, after the precipitation gradually dissolved, the final precipitation no longer reduced. Try to infer: (1) The substance that does not exist in this package of solids is _, and the possible substance is _. (2) write down the reaction equations that occur in :_ _ $number A chemical interest group of a school analysis of a bottle of solution, initially determined that it is containing the same acid ions of M, N mixed solution, continue to analyze the following steps: Answer the following questions, depending on the process and phenomenon: (1) If there is no product a then M, n may be (write chemical) _ and _; The chemical formula that reacts in step is _; 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 29 页 - - - - - - - - - - The chemical formula that reacts in is _, The basic type of the reaction is _. (2) If there is product a, and it is a potash, the solute in the filtrate is _. $number The following diagram is a schematic diagram of the relationship between material transformations, where a is a compound containing a carbon element, and D is a compound that contains sodium. Please answ