中考英语阅读理解专题经典(共20页).doc
精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上中考英语阅读理解专题(含答案)经典一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）1根据短文理解，选择正确答案。B People all have problems. If we don't deal with these problems, we can easily become unhappy. Worrying about our problems can affect how we do at school. It can also influence the way we behave with our families. So how do we deal with our problems? There are many ways and here is one of them Most of us have probably been angry with our friends, parents or teachers. Perhaps they said something you didn't like, or you felt they were unfair. Sometimes people can stay angry for years about a small problem. Time goes by, and good friendship may be lost. When we are angry, however, we are usually the ones affected. Perhaps we have seen young children playing together. Sometimes they have disagreements, and decide not to talk to each other. However, this usually does not last for long. This is an important lesson for us to learn.（1）What is the writer?A. A shopkeeper. B. A doctor. C. A student. D. A dentist.（2）What is the main idea of the passage?A. How to deal with problems. B. How to do at school.C. How to behave with families. D. How to talk to each other.（3）What will happen if people stay angry for long according to the text?A. They feel unfair. B. They may get sick.C. Good friendship may be lost. D. They may miss each other.（4）Children decide not to talk to each other probably because_.A. they become unhappy B. they have different ideasC. they worry about a small problem D. they want disagreements（5）From the passage, we know an important lesson for us isA. playing together B. learning to forget C. staying angry D. feeling unfair【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）C（4）B（5）B 【解析】【分析】人与人之间难免会有磕磕碰碰，相处的时候出现了问题怎么办？本文告诉我们怎样处理与人相处时的问题。推理判断l.根据第一段Worrying about our problems can affect how we do at school. 可知作者是一个学生。不是店主、医生或牙医。故选C。主旨大意。根据文章第一段People all have problems. If we don't deal with these problems, we can easily become unhappy. 可知问题讨论如何处理问题，故选A。根据Sometimes people can stay angry for years about a small problem. Time goes by, and good friendship may be lost可知为小事长时间生气会失去好朋友。故选C。根据 Sometimes they have disagreements, and decide not to talk to each other.可知小孩不说话是因为他们有分歧。故选B。归纳总结。根据最后一句话This is an important lesson for us to learn. 可知长时间生气不好，所以要学会遗忘。故选B。【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。2阅读与回答问题。 CCTV reported that every year Chinese people throw away a lot of food which can feed 200 million people for a year. Do we have too much food? Of course not. According to the UN World Food Programme, there were 900million hungry people all over the world in 2013. About six million children die of hunger every year. So think about it. We should say no to people who waste food every day. An old saying goes, “Every grain on the plate comes from hard work.” It tells us everybody must save food. Luckily, a number of people have realized the importance of saving food. Li Hong, a waitress in a restaurant in Jiangsu, once lost her job because she took some leftover（剩余的） food home for her son. But many people were by her side and criticized （批评） the waste of food. What should we do in our daily life to stop wasting food? We can do many things to prevent it from happening. Here are some tips: Don't order too much food in a restaurant. Only order as much as you can eat. If you can't eat all the food you order, take the rest of it home. Don't be too picky（挑剔的） about food. Some food may not be tasty, but put body need it.Don't keep too much food at home, especially for fruit and vegetables.（1）How many hungry people were there over the world in 2013?（2）Why did Li Hong lose her job?（3）What should you do if you cant eat all the food you ask for?（4）Can you keep too much food at home?（5）What's the main idea of the passage?【答案】 （1）About 900 million（2）Because she took some leftover food home for her son.（3）I/We can take the rest of it home.（4）No, I/We can't.（5）The reasons we can't waste food and the ways to stop wasting food.【解析】【分析】据联合会世界粮食计划署的报告，2013年世界上仍然有9亿人在挨饿。因此我们不要再浪费粮食了。文中给了一些关于节约粮食的建议。细节理解。根据第二段第二句there were 900million hungry people all over the world in 2013.可知答案是About 900 million细节理解。根据第三段第二句Li Hong, a waitress in a restaurant in Jiangsu, once lost her job because she took some leftover（剩余的） food home for her son. 可知答案是Because she took some leftover food home for her son.细节理解。根据第第六段 If you cant eat all the food you order, take the rest of it home.所以答案是：I/We can take the rest of it home.细节理解。根据最后一段Dont keep too much food at home, especially for fruit and vegetables. 可知回答应该是：No, I/We can't.主旨大意。本文讲述了世界上有很多人在挨饿，我们不要浪费粮食以及节约粮食的具体做法。故答案是：The reasons we can't waste food and the ways to stop wasting food.【点评】任务型阅读的关键在看懂文章，然后根据题目要求作答，注意尽量用文章的语言填写答案。在文章中找不到答案时，要完全理解句子，根据同义词，句型转换的方式找到可以替换文章中的单词，短语或者句子的词。3阅读理解 Once there was an emperor. He had a beautiful garden. In the garden, there was a little nightingale（夜莺） singing very beautifully. One day, the emperor heard about this little bird's beautiful voice. He asked his guards to bring her to him. When the emperor heard the nightingale's voice, he said, "Put her in a golden cage, so she can stay and sing for me whenever I want to hear her." The little bird was so unhappy about being kept in the cage that she stopped singing one day. The emperor was very angry. He ordered the scientists in his palace to make a robot bird for him. The bird could sing very beautifully too. The emperor was pleased. Soon the robot bird became old. It no longer sang beautiful songs. Just at that time, the emperor was ill and he became very weak. One morning, while lying in bed, the emperor wanted it to sing once again. But the robot bird could not sing any more. Suddenly, the nightingale landed on the window. She began to sing her most beautiful song. The emperor was very happy! He became better and better each day. After the emperor was well, he changed a lot and became kind to his people. From then on, all his people cherished（爱戴） him for his love and kindness.（1）Why did the little bird stop singing? A. Because she was ill. B. Because she was not free.C. Because she was hungry. D. Because she was too excited.（2）What made the emperor become better and better? A. The robot's beautiful voice. B. His men's voice.C. The little bird's nice dance. D. The little bird's beautiful song.（3）According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? A. A little nightingale lived in the emperor's beautiful garden.B. The nightingale went on singing songs for the emperor after she was kept in a cage.C. One day, the robot bird was broken and it couldn't sing.D. The emperor gave up listening to songs after he got sick.（4）What can we learn from the passage? A. If we keep a bird, we can enjoy the beautiful songs.B. Don't make a robot because it can get broken easily.C. A bird can help people get away from illness.D. If we are kind to someone, he or she will be also kind to us.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）A（4）D 【解析】【分析】主要讲了国王因为小夜莺动听的歌声把小鸟关在笼子里，结果小鸟难过不再唱歌，国王让科学家做了一只机器小鸟，一天机器小鸟也不唱歌了，国王病了，原来的小鸟唱了最动听的歌，国王变得越来越好了，并且变得对他的人民友好了。 （1）细节题。根据The little bird was so unhappy about being kept in the cage that she stopped singing one day.可知小鸟被关在笼子里不高兴，所以停止唱歌，故选B。 （2）细节题。根据Suddenly, the nightingale landed on the window. She began to sing her most beautiful song. The emperor was very happy! He became better and better each day.可知小鸟动听的歌曲让国王好起来，故选D。 （3）细节题。根据In the garden, there was a little nightingale（夜莺） singing very beautifully.可知小夜莺住在花园里，故选A。 （4）细节题。根据全文可知国王在小夜莺的帮助下慢慢好起来，最终对人民友好，所以我们可以学到如果我们对他人友好，他人也会对我们友好，故选D。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。4阅读理解 Grace Murray was born on December 9, 1906 in New York City. In 1928 she finished her education in Vassar College in Maths and Physics. Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University, where she achieved a lot in Maths in 1934. In 1930, Grace Murray married Vincent Foster Hopper. They were happy together for 15 years. She taught at Vassar College until 1943, when she joined the United States Navy（海军）to help her country during World War .Then she was given a job at the Bureau of Ships Computation Project at Harvard University, where she worked on the Mark series of computers. In 1945, she began to do research in Applied（应用）Physics at Harvard's Computation Laboratory. In 1949 she joined the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation and worked with people working in it. Years later, she returned to the Navy. She retired in 1971 but continued teaching for the computer development. Brewster Academy, a school in Wolfeboro, New Hampshire, the United States, gave its computer lab to her for free in 1985, calling it the Grace Murray Hopper Centre for Computer Learning. She had spent her childhood summer at a local family in Wolfeboro. She passed away in her sleep in 1992. Since her death, her workmate Elenor Briggs has been going on with her work. Grace Murray was a great woman and a leader in the computer development. Her work helped improve the use of computer languages. She practised her words" Dare and Do" in her lifetime.（1）How many years did Grace Murray teach at Vassar? A. About 2 years. B. About 6 years. C. About 12 years. D. About 18 years.（2）Before she joined the United States Navy, what did Grace Murray do at Yale University? A. She studied Maths. B. She researched Applied Physics.C. She developed computer languages. D. She worked on the Mark series of computers.（3）Why did the school in Wolfeboro give its computer lab to Grace Murray for free? A. Because the lab was built with her help. B. Because she once spent some time there.C. Because Wolfeboro was her home town. D. Because she once taught there.（4）The underlined phrase "passed away" in Paragraph 3 means" ". A. worked B. died C. waited D. dreamed【答案】 （1）C（2）A（3）B（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Grace Murray的一生。 （1）细节题。根据 Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University 从1931年起，她一直在瓦萨任教，She taught at Vassar College until 1943，直到1943年，可知格蕾丝·默里在瓦萨教了大概12年书 ， 故选C。 （2）推理题。根据 Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University, where she achieved a lot in Maths in 1934. 自1931年以来，她一直在vassar教书，并继续在耶鲁大学学习，1934年在那里她在数学方面取得了很大成绩，可知在加入美国海军之前，格雷斯·默里在耶鲁大学教数学 ， 故选A。 （3）推理题。根据She had spent her childhood summer at a local family in Wolfeboro 她在沃尔夫博罗的一个当地家庭度过了童年的夏天 可知沃尔夫博罗的学校免费把它的计算机实验室给格雷斯·默里因为她曾经在那里呆过一段时间 ， 故选B。 （4）词义猜测题。根据 Since her death自从她死后，可知 passed away是去世的意思 ， 故选B。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。5阅读理解 I live on the twelfth floor of a building. One afternoon I was coming home from a friend's house. It was just after four o'clock. I got quickly into the lift and pressed Button（按钮）13. The lift started to go up, but very slowly. And then, halfway up, it suddenly stopped between two floors. I couldn't understand it. I pressed all the buttons from 1 to 14.I called for help very loudly. But nobody answered. Then suddenly the lights went out, and I was alone in the dark. I started to cry and beat the walls of the lift. I cried and cried until I had no voice left. Then, I felt hopeless, and pressed all the buttons with my hands. And at the same time, there was a bell far away. It rang and rang. It was the fire alarm. I thought the whole building was on fire. I said to God quietly, "Just get me out of here. I'll never be bad again." Just then, I realized the lift was moving very slowly. On the ground floor it stopped, and the door opened. A man was standing there. "How long have you been there? It is good that you pressed the alarm bell. But haven't you learned to read at your school?" He pointed at a small piece of paper on the wall beside the lift. It said: "Attention: This lift will be stopped for repairs between 4 p.m. and 5p.m. on Thursday, March 13."（1）What happened to the lift? A. It had a fire accident. B. It stopped halfway.C. It was turned off by the writer. D. It moved fast up to the top floor.（2）As the situation went on, the writer became . A. more and more scared B. calmer and calmerC. more and more bored D. clearer and clearer（3）Why did a bell ring from far away? A. The lift was to start again. B. The repair worker rang the fire alarm.C. The building was on fire. D. The writer pressed the fire alarm bell.（4）Who most probably made the lift move again and go down to the ground floor? A. The writer. B. The writer's friend. C. The man. D. The writer's father.【答案】 （1）B（2）A（3）D（4）C 【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者从朋友家里回家时遇见电梯因为修理不能使用，作者起初不知道，最终被困电梯。 （1）细节题。根据And then, halfway up, it suddenly stopped between two floors.可知电梯上到半路就停止了，故选B。 （2）细节题。根据I cried and cried until I had no voice left. Then, I felt hopeless可知作者喊叫直到没有声音，作者感到无望的，所以作者感到越来越害怕，故选A。 （3）细节题。根据And at the same time, there was a bell far away. It rang and rang. It was the fire alarm.可知作者按到了火灾报警器，故选D。 （4）细节题。根据On the ground floor it stopped, and the door opened. A man was standing there.可知男士最有可能让电梯再次移动，故选C。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。6阅读理解 Abdul Sadiq, an Afghanistan's only professional cyclist, began by training his daughter. And when she competed successfully abroad, he set up the team. It is the world's most unlikely sporting team, because the sport breaks taboos in a country where in many traditional communities, women are not allowed out of the house. The head coach faces frequent threats and the girls' families do not always approve "If it's not their fathers trying to stop them, it's a brother or uncle." Two members of the team, Massouma, 18, and Zarab, 17, are sisters. Their father and their brothers approve, but they know that their uncles complain to their father. "They will never come in
