初中英语必备基础词汇及短语(共8页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上必备基础词汇及短语1.表示“并列"关系的短语as well as 和,又both. and. 以及not only. but also. 不仅而且either. or.或者或者neither. nor.既不也不along/together with.与一起，连同2.表示“因果”关系的词汇及短语because (of )因为as因为since. 既然；因为due to由于，因为on account of由于thanks to多亏；由于now that因为；既然for the reason that. 由于的原因considering that考虑到in order to为了in order that.为了in that由于；因为；既然owing to由于；因的缘故So that因此，所以thus因此therefore因此 for this reason为此as a result结果as a result of由于 consequently从而;因此hence因此;从此3.表示“(时间)顺序”的词汇及短语first/firstly. second/secondly. thirdthirdly. lastly. . 第.第二.第三.最后.at first/first of all第一,首先to begin with/to start with首先in the first place首先and then然后next接下来；下一个afterwards后来at last最后finally最后in the end最后meanwhile/at the same time同时4.表示“递进”关系的词汇及短语above l/the most important of all首先,最重要的是besides除之外in addition另外，加之what's more再者furthermore此外，再者moreover此外apart from除以外and equally important同样重要的是last but not least最后但同样重要的是what's worse/worse still更糟糕的是5.表示“对称"关系的短语For one thing. For another thing.一方面.另一方面. On one hand. On the other hand.一方面.另一方面.6.表示“转折”的词汇及短语although/though虽然,尽管however然而while但是but但是yet/still但是，然而conversely相反地on the contrary正相反instead作为替代；反而7.表示“举例”的短语for example例如such as比如for instance例如take.for example/instance以为例8.表示“条件和让步”的词汇及短语 if如果provided that假如on condition that如果in case万一，如果supposing that假设，如果unless除非 once一旦as/so long as只要despite/in spite of 尽管in any case不管怎么样regardless of不管怎么样，无论如何anyway/anyhow无论如何at any rate无论如何even if即使even though即使whoever/whatever/whenever/whichever/wherever(=no matter who/what/when/which/where )无论是谁/是什么/什么时间/哪一个/在哪里9.表示“比较和对比”的词汇及短语 like与.一样. unlike与.不同 similarly相似地，类似地 in the same way同样地 on the contrary与之相反 likewise同样地，相似地 compared to/in contrast with.与相比by contrast相比之下10.表示“强调”的词汇especially尤其particularly尤其certainly确实地 surely肯定地chiefly主要地 actually事实上，实际上 mostly大部分地，主要地mainly主要地11.常用文章插入语| think我认为| suppose我认为I'm afraid恐怕now you see如你现在所见 to tell you the truth/to be honest说实话to be sure诚然，固然you know你知道that is (to say)那就是believe it or not信不信由你12.表示“总结”的词汇及短语in a/one word总之in short简言之in brief简言之in general通常，一般情况下to conclude/in conclusion综上所述accordingly于是on the whole总的来说generally speaking总的来说to sum up/in summary/to summarize总而言之as has been mentioned above总而言之finally最后at last最后in other words换句话说eventually最后as has been saidnoted综上所述as a result结果as I have said如我所述Consequently因此短句1.关于学习及学习成绩be interested in. 对.感兴趣be fond of. 喜欢/爱好.be absorbed in. 对.入迷acquire/obtain knowledge 学习知识 put one's heart into. 一心扑在.上like chemistry best 最喜欢化学be good at. 擅长.be poor at . 不擅长.do well in (在考试/竞赛中)取得好成绩;干得不错be weak in. 不擅长.fail in. 考试不及格make progress in. 在.方面取得进步be tired of. 对.感到厌烦/厌倦pass the examination 通过考试major in history 主修历史be getting on well with one ' s study(某人)学业进展得很好take several courses at school 在学校上几门课live up to one's hope 不辜负某人的期望learn about.学 习到，知道(某学科知识);听到,听说succeed in ( doing . 在(做)某事上获得成功be active in class/work 在课堂上/工作中表现积极take an active part in. 积极参加.learn sth. by heart 把.牢记在心work out a problem 解决一个问题improve oneself n. 在某方面提高自己get 100 marks for (English) (英语 )考试取得100分get an“A" in the exam在考试中得到“A"have a good command of.精通.lay a good foundation in (language study )在(语言学习)方面奠定一个好的基础2.关于师生关系 get on well with students与学生相处得好examine the students' homework 检查学生的作业stand on the platform站在讲台上raise a question提问like to be with students喜欢与学生相处 be kind to sb.对某人和蔼 be a strict teacher是一个严厉的老师be strict with ones pupils对学生要求严格be strict in work对工作要求严格 think of ( sb./sth. ) as.把（某人或某事）当做help sb. with. 在方面帮助某人praise sb. for sth.由于某事赞扬某人blame sb. for sth.为某事责怪某人give sb. advice on.在方面给某人建议question sb. on.就质问某人teach sb. sth.教某人某事be satisfied with.对满意give sb. a lot of work给某人很多的工作correct the students' homework carefully and prepare for the next day仔细批改学生的作业并为明天备课try to teach sb. to develop good study habits努力教某人养成良好的学习习惯 make one 's lessons lively and interesting使课堂生动有趣devote all one's time to work将自己所有的时间都投入工作之中3.关于课外活动及周末生活have a swim 游泳have a party 聚会,开晚会have dances on weekends 参加周末舞会have a picnic over the weekend 周末去野餐go to the cinema 去看电影hold a sports meeting 举行运动会enjoy doing sth. by oneself 喜欢独自做某事 go swimming 去游泳go for an outing 去远足have an outing (at the seashore ) 去(海边)度假see the sights of Beijing 在北京观光play the piano/violin 弹钢琴/拉小提琴play chess/basketball 下棋/打篮球do some reading 阅读enjoy a family trip 享受一次家庭旅游get everything ready for. 为.做好一切准备ride one 's bike with sb. to the park与某人骑车去公园a lot of activities at the beach 很多海滨活动bring sth. to the picnic 带点东西去野餐a very relaxing Sunday 一个很轻松的星期日 waste time doing sth. 浪费时间做某事spend time doing sth. 花费时间做某事spend one's time in many different ways以多种不同的方式消磨时间4.关于彼此沟通信息tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 get information about. 了解关于的信息write sb. a letter saying.给某人写信说apologize to sb. for.为向某人道歉thank you for.感谢你make a speech at the meeting在会议上发表演讲take a message tor sb. 给某人带口信send a message to sb.给某人带口信 hear from sb.从某人处听说；收到某人的信talk aboutof sth.谈论某事explain sth. to sb.向某人解释某事look upon sb. as.把某人看作think sb. to be. 认为某人take sb.'s side站在某人一边；支持某人be welcome to do sth.欢迎做某事express one's idea/feelings in English用英语表达自己的思想/情感5.关于感观活动与思维活动 feel bored/nervous感觉和枯燥紧张 be unforgettable 是难以忘怀的show sb. one's thanks对某人表示感谢 have fears for.对感到害怕My heart beats fast.我的心跳加速 hesitate for a few minutes犹豫了几秒钟 give sb. a meaningful smile冲某人意味深长地一笑allow sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事keep/prevent sb. from doing sth. call on sb. to do sth.be afraid to do/be afraid of sth.害 怕/担心(做)某事be pleased with. .对.感到高兴be delighted in doing sth. 做某事很愉快take a pleasure in doing sth. 做某事很高兴 be worried about sth.担心某事 feel surprised at. 对.感到惊讶be sorry for.对抱歉be angry with sb. for sth.因某事对某人生气be angry about.为生气look forward to doing.期盼做wish to do sth.希望做某事expect to do sth.期待做某事long for sth./long to do sth.渴望（做）某事be sick for one's home怀念家乡have a strong desire to do sth.对做某事有强烈的愿望look around for. (在某地)查找/搜寻.look up/down at. 往上/朝下看.catch sight of. 看见. take a look at. 看一眼. hear sb. do/doing sth. 听某人做/正在做某事take notice of. 注意到.take view of. 评价某事/某物have a good understanding of. 对.能 很好地理解come to know. 开始认识到.realize that+从句 认识到.know that+从句 知道.feel like doing sth. 想做某事drive sb. off 赶走某人speak highly of sb. 高度评价某人speak ill of sb. 诽谤某人think highly of sb. 对某人评价很高force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事agree to do sth.同意做某事regret doing sth.遗憾做某事prefer to do A rather than do B喜欢做A胜过做B would rather (not ) do sth.更（不）愿意做某事6关于事情发生的过程be woken up by the telephone被电话吵醒set out without a delay 一点没耽误地出发了do sth. as usual像平常一样做某事do what he wants us to do做他想让我们做的事set about doing sth.开始做某事get into trouble陷入困境help sb. out帮助某人解决困难；帮忙have the habit of doing sth. 有做某事的习惯have no trouble in doing sth. 做某事没困难prepare sb. for sth.准备让某人做某事give up doing sth.放弃做某事wait for sb. to do sth.等待某人去做某事find a way to do sth.找到做某事的方法make friends with sb.做某人交朋友showtell sb. how to do sth.向某人展示/讲述如何做某事take/send sb. to. 带/送某人到.I'm trying to fnd. 我正努力发现.I'm afraid we are out of. 我担心我们失去.pass the time doing sth. 做某事来消磨时间.do some good deeds to people 为人民做好事be fit for. 适合.be short of 缺乏miss the lecture/train 错过演讲/火车be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事change.into.把变成have no choice but to do sth.除了做某事外,别无选择| can't help it. 我无法抑制自己。be in need of.需要缺少be mistaken about. 把.搞错fall behind(. )落后于（）catch up with.紧跟/追赶on behalf of代表7.关于健康状况及治疗develop a disease得病enjoy good health身体健康be in good shape身体好be in good/poor health身体健康不健康have got a high fever 发高烧have a slight/bad cold得了轻微/严重的感冒take ones temperature量体温have got a pain in.(身体某部位)感到疼痛stay in bed until.躺在床上一直到.save one's life救某人的性命8.关于问路和应答godown this street沿这条街道向前走 It's about. metres from here.距此地大约.米.You can't miss it.你一定会找到的。in front of/behind.在.之前/之后at the corner在拐角处pass two blocks经过两个街区Turn right/left at the first crossing.在第一个十字路口向右/左拐Go straight ahead till you see.一直往前走，直到你看见 专心-专注-专业