简单句的五种类型和THERE-BE-句型(共2页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上 简单句的五种类型和THERE BE 句型在学习五种简单句之前，有必要学习一下动词的种类：A. 行为动词（实意动词）vi. Go come happen take placevt. Do finish studyB. 联系动词 be(is am are /was were) look turn get fall smell taste C. 情态动词 can must may should have to D. 助动词 do has have be did 1在使用行为动词时要遇到人称与动词的搭配问题，当主语是第三人称(he,she,it, this, that等)单数时，要注意动词词尾的变化问题。有以下三种变化形式：A. 以x , s, sh, ch, o 结尾的动词均加 “es”:eg. fix- fixes guesses washes watches goesB. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，将y换成 “ies”, studystudies /carrycarries C. 一般情况加s, eg. Works plays sees destroys 2 动词的过去式/动词的过去分词(规则动词)A. 直接加-ed : played worked destroyed B. 辅音字母+y结尾的改y 为 “i+ed”: study studied carry-carried C. 重读闭音节结尾，双写该辅音字母+ed : stopped shopped D. 有字母e 结尾的+d: danced liked 注意：不规则动词要注意背：例如：原形come 过去式 came 过去分词 come 原形cut 过去式 cut 过去分词 cut 原形 go 过去式went 过去分词 gone 3动词的现在分词：A. 直接加+ing: studying playing working B. 重读闭音节结尾，双写该辅音字母+ing:stopping cutting digging C. 有字母e 结尾的, 先去掉+ing: have-having take-taking D. lie/die/tie/三个单词：lying/dying/tying 简单句的五种句型：1：Subject +vi.(主谓结构) 肯定句 否定句 一般问句 例如：I study hard. I dont study hard. Do I study hard ? You study hard. You dont study hard. Do you study hard? He studies hard. He doesnt study hard. Does he study hard? 复数(we,you,they)做主语时： 例如：We study hard. We dont study hard. Do we study hard? You study hard. You dont study hard. Do you study hard? They study hard. You dont study hard. Do you study hard?2：Subject+vt.+Object.(主谓宾结构)Eg. I dont know the man/the matter. I dont know him/it. I dont know who to blame. I dont know whether to finish it on time. I enjoy drinking tea after supper. He wants to go there with you. 3：Subject +link v.+predictive(主系表结构） I am a student I am not a student. Am I a student? You are a teacher. You are not a teacher. Are you a teacher? He is a doctor. He is not a doctor. Is he a doctor? We are students. We are not students. Are we students? You are teachers. They are workers. Are they workers? 4：Subject +vt.+间宾+直宾 I often give him some books on Sundays. They sometimes buy Tom some candies. Tom often borrows me some money 5.Subject+vt.+Object +Object complement (主谓复合宾语结构) A.名词充当宾补:(这些动词有:call/ make /choose /name /elect ,etc ) I find him a teacher. / We choose him monitor. Marx made London the base for his revolutionary work.B. 形容词、副词充当宾补： We must make our country more beautiful. Youd better let him in. C.不带 “to”的不定式充当宾补： I often see him work in the shop. 在这种句型中会遇到动词不定式做宾语补足语无to的情况, 不过我们记住这些动词就不难了：（特编写如下顺口溜帮助记忆） 一感二听三让做help后面看九个：(这时动词不定时表示动作的经常性或过程)feel / listen to hear /let make have / help sb. to do, help sb. do / look at see find watch notice observe glare at stare at glance at （被动结构失去的 “to” 要还原）eg: I often see him play in the street.- He is often seen to play in the street. D. 一些带 “to”的不定式充当宾补：（to do 表示动作还没开始） He sometimes asks me to help him with his English. （tell Sb. to do sth/ advise sb. to do sth etc.）错结构：hope suggest agree refuse excuse welcome demand 这些词后不能使用以上结构，例如：hope sb. to do sth. 就是错的. E. 现在分词充当宾补：（现在分词表示动作地进行） Listen! I can hear her singing in the next room.(feel listen to hear have look at see find watch notice observe glare at stare at glance at catch , etc) F.过去分词充当宾语补足语：(常用结构：get sth done /have sth done etc.)（表被动或完成） He had his legs broken in the accident. He had his room cleaned yesterday. F. There be 结构1.There is a desk and many chairs in the teachers room.2. There is some water in the cup.3. There are a lot of people in the street .1.There was a desk in the classroom.2. There were many students playing on the playground.学好掌握简单句的五种类型，为学习英语打下良好基础。专心-专注-专业