高考主谓一致专项讲解(附练习)(共7页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上高考主谓一致专项讲解1大多数的以 - (e)s 结尾的名词表示复数意义，但 means，news，goods，works 通常表示单数意义，不过，这几个词中个别名词在具体的语境中也可以表示复数意义。判断的方法是：若这些词前有 a，such a，this，that，each，every 修饰时，谓语用单数。means，no means，the means 等前没有上述修饰语时，谓语动词可用单数，也可用复数。Every means has been triedAll possible means have been tried2由成双(对)部分组成的衣服或物品的名词名称，如 trousers，glasses等，通常用作复数。但若其前有表示单位的 pair，piece 等量词时，则谓语的单复数由这些量词的单复数决定。His trousers have worn outThe pair of trousers has worn out.3专有名词及书名，通常只做单数用。The Selected Poems of Li Bai was published long agoThe United Nations was set up in 19454family，team，party，class，public，club，crew，crowd，group，enemy，audience，committee，company 等词作为一个整体看时，表示单数意义，他们的复数形式须根据具体情况添加复数后缀 - (e)s。若就其中一个个成员来看时，则表示复数形式。集合名词作主语时，动词的数要与主语表示的概念一致，不与主语的形式一致。My family is activeMy family are early risers.The two families live in Beijing5people，cattle（牲口），police 等只能表示复数意义，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。The police have caught the murderer6population 作主语时，通常看作单数，若 population 前有分数、百分数修饰时，则句子谓语通常用复数。The population in China is very large，and eighty percent of the population in China are farmers7单复数同形的名词，如：sheep，deer 等作主语时，应根据主语的单复数意义确定谓语动词的形式。A deer is over thereSome deer are over there8表示度量、距离、金额、时间等数量的名词(词组)作主语时，通常看作单数。Twenty years has passed9分数，量词，数学算式通常看作单数。但若强调数量时，也可看作复数，尤其是对于加法和乘法算式。在对加、减、乘、除的得数提问时，若用how much，则谓语动词多用单数，若用 how many 提问，则谓语动词多用复数。Twenty divided by four is five二十除以四得五。Four plus (and) three isare seven四加三等于七。How much is ten divided by five? 十除以五得多少？How many are four times two? 四乘二得多少？10由分数，百分数 + of + 名词或 somea lot oflots ofplenty ofa large quantity ofthe rest ofhalf ofpart of + 名词构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词的数由短语中名词的数决定。The rest of meat goes badThe rest of workers are still very tired11a number of，many，a few 只能修饰可数名词的复数形式，它们的谓语动词用复数。a little，much，a great deal of，a large amount of 只能修饰不可数名词，其谓语动词用单数形式。A number of scientists are invited to the partyA great deal of petrol is wasted12the number of + 可数名词的复数形式，the amount of + 不可数名词，the quantity of + 可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。这是因为主语的中心词分别是 number，amount，quantity。The number of students in Class 9 is 105 13more than + 名词词组作主语时，谓语动词的数要与名词词组中心词的数一致。more + 复数名词 + than one 作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。More than two hundred people have turned upMore than one person has voted against himMore people than one have voted against him14many a + 单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Many a student has made that mistake(比较：Many students have made that mistake) 15one and a half + 名词复数形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数。One and a half apples is left on the table 16this kind of + 复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数，复数名词 + of this kind 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。This kind of animals is dangerousAnimals of this kind are dangerous17由 and，both.and.连接的并列主语通常表示复数意义，谓语动词应用复数。但当并列主语指的是同一个人(如事物或概念)时，谓语动词应用单数形式。判别二者的方法通常要看 and 后的名词前是否有冠词。The writer and the poet are here(作家和诗人)The writer and poet is here(作家兼诗人)18关联连词 not.but., not only.but also., or，either.or, neither. nor.等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的数与它紧邻的主语一致。（就近原则）Not only the boys but (also) the father was to blame19主语后面跟有 as well as，along with，with，together with，except，besides，including，followed by 等引导的词组时，谓语动词的单、复数根据主语的单、复数而定。（就前原则）The girl as well as boys has learned to use computers20each.and each., every.and every.连接的名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Each man and each woman is asked to help21不定代词 either，neither，all, none, each, the other, another, such, the same 以及所有的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词习惯上用单数。但none 可看作复数，有时也可看作单数。Everyone is here；no one is absent22关系代词 who，that，which 等在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与先行词的数保持一致。He is one of students who want to learn how to use the computer(先行词是 students)He is the only one of students who wants to learn how to use the computer(先行词是 one)23the + 形容词通常表示一类人，看作复数；但在具体语境中也可表示一个人。The wounded were treated wellThe wounded (soldier) was taken away by a little peasant boy24名词性从句作主语时，通常看作单数。但若其表示复数概念，则应看作复数。判断的一般方法是看表语的单复数。What we need is more moneyWhat we need are more clothes25不定式，v - ing 形式作主语时，通常看作单数。To have finished writing the essay is quite a relief to meReading English is easier than speaking it习题精选1. The old _well looked after by the government in China.A. is B. are C. has been D. was2. The secretary and manager _very busy now.A. is B. are C. was D. were3. Both the secretary and the manager _agreed to attend the meeting.A. has B. have C. are D. was4. Tom as well as two of his classmates _invited to the party.A. was B. were C. have been D. had been5. Either you or I _going to the teachers' office after class.A. am B. is C. are D. will6. Most of his spare time _spent in reading.A. are B. were C. was D. have been7. This is one of the best novels that _appeared this year.A.have been B. has C. had been D. have8. Ten thousand dollars _quite a large sum.A.are  B. is  C. were  D. have9. About 20 percent of the work _done yesterday.A. are  B. is  C. were  D . was10. Mr Smith， together with his children， _arrived.A.are B. has  C. is  D. have11. It _I who _leaving for London.A.isis  B. amis  C. isam  D. amam12. Not only Tom but also his wife _fond of watching television.A. are  B. were  C. be  D. is13. When and where to build the new factory _yet.A. is not decided  B. are not decidedC. has not decided  D. have not decided14. Although the first part of the book is easy， the rest _.A. are difficult   B. has proved difficultC. is supposed difficultD. have been found difficult15. That they were wrong in these matters _ now clear to us all.A. is  B. was  C. are  D. were16. Half of his goods _ stolen the other day.A. are  B. were  C. is  D. was17. Mathematics _the language of science.A. are  B. are going to be  C. is  D. is to be18. Each of the students _ a Chinese-English dictionary.A. have  B. has  C. there is  D. there are19. They each _ a beautiful handkerchief.A. have  B. has  C. there is  D. there are20. Between the two rows of trees _the teaching building.A. stand B. stands C. standing D. are21. This pair of shoes _made in Nanjing.A.is  B. are  C. have been  D. had been22. No one except my parents _anything about it.A. know  B. knowsC. is knowing  D. have known23. A number of students _from the south.A. are  B. is  C. have  D. has24. The number of students from the north _small.A.are  B. is  C. have  D. has25. Writing stories and articles _what I enjoy most，A.is B. are C. was D. were26. His "Selected Poems" _first published in 1965.A.were  B. was  C. has been  D. are27. Miss Smith is a friend of _.A. Mary's mother's  B. Mary's motherC. Mother's of Mary   D. Mary mother's28. A good deal of money _spent on books.A. have  B. hasC. have been   D. has been29. On the wall _ two large portraits.A. hangs  B. hang  C. hanged  D. hanging30. _turn green in spring.A. Leaf  B. Leafs  C. Leave  D. Leaves31. Father went to his doctor for _about his heart trouble.A. an advice  B. advice  C. advices  D. the advices32. All but one _here just now.A. is  B. was  C. has been  D. were33. The number of people invited _fifty， but a number of them _absent for different reasons.A. were; was  B. was; wasC. was; were  D. were; were34. The air in big cities _very dirty by factories.A. are often made  B. is often madeC. have often made  D. has often made35. Nobody _to smoke in the cinema.A. allows  B. allow  C. is allowed  D. are allowed36. The Chinese people _hard-working and brave.A. are  B. is  C. has been D. are being37. _can be done _been done.A. All; have  B. All that; haveC. All; has  D. All that; has38. John has two brothers， but either _out of work now.A. are   B. is   C. has  D. have39. The police _the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.A. is searching for  B. were searching forC. are searching for  D. were searching40. Apples of this kind _.A. tastes good  B. tastes well   C. taste good  D. taste well41. Your trousers _dirty， you must have _washed.A. is; it  B. are; it  C. are; them  D. is; them42. Where _rubbish， there are flies.A. there are  B. there is  C. is  D. there has43. The Olympic Games _held every _years.A. is; four  B. are; four  C. is; five  D. are; five44. Many a man _ come to help us.A. have  B. has  C. is  D. are45. He is the only one of the students who _elected.A. are  B. have  C. has  D. is46. Three-fourths of the homework _today.A. has finished   B. has been finishedC. have finished   D. have been finished47. Those who _ in _compositions， please hand them in this afternoon.A. hasn't handed; his  B. haven't handed; theirC.has handed; their  D. have handed; his48. Jane is one of the best students in her class who _by their teacher.A. are praised  B. is praised  C. praised  D. praising49. The whole class _the teacher attentively.A. are listening to  B. is listening toC. are listening  D. is listening50. The United States of America _one of the most developed countries in the world.A. is B. are  C. was  D. were  参考答案：1-5 BABAA 6-10 CDBDB 11-15 CDABA16-20 BCBAB 21-25 ABABA 26-30 BADBD31-35 BDCBC 36-40 ADBBC 41-45 CBBBD46-50 BBAAA专心-专注-专业