It的用法导学案(共6页).docx

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上M6U3Period 5 Grammar It的用法（导学案）【学习目标】：熟悉课文中出现的it句型，能熟练运用该句型，并了解其他常见it句型。【学习重点】：it做形式主语和形式宾语【学习难点】：运用it 句型【学习内容】： It表指代(人、事物、时间、日期、地点、天气、温度、距离、环境等。) It作形式主语、形式宾语【学习步骤】：呈现 仿句 归纳 反馈【自学】 一、作代词1(1)、it代替上文提到的物（单数不可数）或事或人（身份不明确）。My dictionary is missing. I cant find it.（it代替前面的_）Tom has failed in the exam. Have you heard about it. （it代替前面_）Someone is knocking at the door. -Who is _?- _ me.(2)、it与one的区别：都可以代表前面说过的名词，但it用于同名同物；one则用于同名异物。- Do you still have the bicycle?- No, I have sold _. I have bought a new _.(3)、it与that的区别： it同名同物，但that指同类，并非同一个，而且只能指代不可数名词。The climate of South China is mild; I like_very much.The climate of South China is much better than_of Japan.2用于表达时间，距离，天气、环境等。Its half an hours walk from here to our school此处it 指代的是_.Its nice and warm hereBut its two oclock now, and its time for us to go to school此处it分别指代_, _, _.注意下列几种表示时间的句型 .It is (high/about) time that sb should do sb did sth.是我们离开去上海的时候了。_.It is the first ( second . ) time that (完成时)。这是我第一次被表扬。_.It ishas been . since .他们结婚三年了。 _ . It will (not) be + 时间段+ before sb. do sthIt was (not) + 时间段+ before sb. did sth若主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时.若主句是肯定句意思是“要过多长时间才会发生某事”；若主句是否定形式翻译成“用不了多久就会发生某事”若主句是一般过去时从句也用一般过去时。若主句是肯定句翻译成“多长时间之后才”，若主句是否定形式翻译成“没过多久就”。如： It was 3 days before he went to Beijing. It will not be long before he finishes his job.   _before the situation improves. 这种状况或许要过许多年才能得以改善。 _before I realized the truth.  过了很长一段时间我才了解到真相。 _before she became a brave solider.   没过多久她就成了一名勇敢的战士。我们下次再见要两年以后了。_. Its + 时间点 + when-Its 8 oclock when I get home from work every day. 每天我下班回家时已经八点了。 _he got up and did morning exercises. 他们起床做早操是在早上六点钟。二. it 作形式宾语，来代替真正的宾语（不定式，动名词或从句），以使句子保持平衡。“6123结构”句型。 6 指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel； 1 指的是这些动词后的形式宾语 it； 2 指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词； 3 指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语, 动名词短语或 that 引导的宾语从句。 We think it important to learn a foreign language.在该句中动词是_, 形式宾语是_, 宾补是_, 真正的宾语是_He made it clear that he was not interested in that subject.在该句中动词是_, 形式宾语是_, 宾补是_, 真正的宾语是_I think it no use arguing with him.在该句中动词是_, 形式宾语是_, 宾补是_, 真正的宾语是_enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等表示喜好的动词+ it + when/ if引导的从句I dislike it when others laugh at me in public or think poorly of me behind._send me the application forms as soon as possible. 若能尽快寄来申请表格,我将不胜感激动词（短语）+ it + that- dislike, like, see to, look to, depend/rely on_she will fulfill the plan. 你们可以相信她会完成这个计划。三. 为了保持句子平衡，避免头重脚轻，it作形式主语，来代替真正的主语(不定式,动名词,从句). 常见句型： It is +adj.+ ( for sb. ) to do sth. (A) It is +adj. + (of sb.) to do sth. (B)在句型A中，形容词是用来修饰事情的；如important, necessary, easy, safe, common, hard, difficult , impossible。 翻译：对她来说参加派对很重要。_.在句型B中，形容词是表示sb特征的形容词，有：kind, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish, polite, rude。 翻译：你帮助老年人，真是太善良了。_. It takes sb. . to do sth. “做要花某人” 思考：真正的主语是谁？ 修我的电脑花了我一个月的时间。_. It is no good no use a waste of time doing sth. 思考：真正的主语是谁？ 做这项工作是浪费时间。_. It doesnt matter whether ( if ) . 不论（是否）没关系 思考：真正的主语是谁？ 他支不支持这个计划都没关系。_. It is said (reported, learned.) that .“据说”（据报道，据悉） 思考：真正的主语是谁？ 据说他进监狱了。_ . It is a pity ( a shame . ) that .sb.(should) do sth. 思考：真正的主语是谁？ 真可惜我们输掉了比赛。_.It is no wonder (that). 难怪_ 难怪你看上去如此高兴。. It is suggested ( ordered . ) that we obey the traffic rules.思考：真正的主语是谁？像 suggest这类表示建议、要求的词，that 后的从句要用_. It seems (appears)/ happens that 好像/碰巧 他好像犯了一个错误。_ It turns out that 结果证明 _well have a happy, peaceful festival. 结果证明，我们要过一个快乐、安宁的节日。 It strikes sb that 打动某人 _the small town is so beautiful. 最感动我的是这个小镇如此之美。 It occurs to sb that . 某人想起(hit/strike/come to /occur to)_she would refuse his invitation.他没有想到她会拒绝他的邀请。_ he might be in trouble. 我怎么也没有想到他会遇上麻烦。 It verb sb clause(surprise/ delight/ interest disappoint/ bother)我开电视会不会吵着你?四it用于强调句。It is/ was + 被强调部分+ that/ who（强调人）+ 其它部分。思考：判断是否强调句的依据是什么？ 针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。强调主语：_ met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday. 强调宾语：_I met at the railway station yesterday.强调地点状语：_that I met Li Ming yesterday.强调时间状语：_that I met Li Ming at the railway station.思考：如何把这个句子改写成一般疑问句和特殊疑问句。注意：not until 的强调句，把not和until放一起。It is/ was not until + 被强调部分 + that + 其它部分。普通句：He didnt go to bed until his wife came back.强调句：五 其它固定句型If it were not for / If it hadnt been for 若不是因为_, I would punish you. 要不是他在场，我会处罚你的。 要不是他们帮助，这些困难我们不克服不了的。_ It is up to sb to do sth 该由某人做某事Its_ to make the choice. 得由你来作选择。六用在一些固定搭配中make it 及时赶到；成功；办成 catch it 被责骂；受处罚get it 明白 Take it easy. 别着急。 Thats it. 这就对了。If I can help it. 如果我有办法的话。 You will catch it. 当心；小心worth it 有好处，值得做请翻译下列句子I'll not give you any trouble if I can help it._The new car cost a lot of money, but it's certainly worth it. _The train goes at10:15. I think we shall make it ._If your father finds you here you'll really catch it!_You will make it if you try._I thought he would be too old to get to the top of the mountain, but he made it at last._【课堂检测】一单句语法填空1. My bike is missing. I cant find _ anywhere. 2. - Whos that?- _ is Professor Li. 3. The color of my coat is different from _ of yours. 4. _ will do you good to do some exercise every morning. 5. We think _ our duty to pay taxes to our government. 6. _ was Jane that I saw in the library this morning. 7. It was not until he came back from Africa that year _ he met the girl he would like to marry. 8. He didnt make _ clear when and where the meeting would be held.2007 天津卷二、写作升级：用it句式翻译下列句子：1. 据宣布(announce)，明年年底又有三条地铁线(subway)将建成。 2. 我没有想到汤姆竟然会被选为学生会主席。 3. 那些未曾去过那个小村庄的人很难描绘出它的美丽。 4. 我发现很难与那些一贯固执己见的人合作。 5. 你放心(rely on)，他会来见你的。 6. 直到她把墨镜摘下来，我才意识到她是个著名的电影明星。（强调句）专心-专注-专业