ccer-国际贸易-第四次作业答案(共5页).doc
精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Solution to Homework 41. Producing processes are in two countries. A will export 5 computers and 10 food, while B will export 15 computers and 8 food. Calculate the RCA of computer in country A.2. FTA和关税同盟的区别是什么？对关税同盟而言，原产地原则是否重要？为何或为何不是？Answer: Unlike a customs union, members of a free trade area do not have a common external tariff (same policies with respect to non-members), meaning different quotas and customs. The “Rule of Origin” is important. To avoid evasion (through re-exportation) the countries use this rule, a system of certification of origin where there is a requirement for the minimum extent of local material inputs and local transformations adding value to the goods. Goods that don't cover these minimum requirements are not entitled for the special treatment envisioned in the free trade area provisions. 2.（产品外包）世界有两个国家，本国和外国，外国的变量加*表示。本国低技术劳动力相对丰富，外国高技术劳动力和资本相对丰富。两国的相对劳动供给是不变的，分别代表本国高技术劳动力、低技术劳动力的工资和资本回报。产品连续分布在0到1之间，是两国分工的临界点。高技术劳动力和低技术劳动力相对需求曲线为(1) 假定单位成本是的函数，。画图并且计算本国生产的产品的区间。Answer: (2) 分别计算两国高技术劳动力和低技术劳动力的相对工资，并画图分析。Answer: (3) 现在假设资本可以在两国之间自由流动，使得本国产品的单位成本下降0.005，外国产品的单位成本上升0.005，本国生产的产品会增加还是减少？计算本国生产的产品的区间并且画图分析。Answer:the goods that home country specializes will increase (4) 分别计算新均衡下的两国高技术劳动力和低技术劳动力的相对工资，并画图分析。 4. Recall the matrix in the PPT. Here, a number is assigned to represent the welfare level of each outcome for Home and Foreign.a. ForeignRegulateDont regulateHomeRegulate(80,80)(50,100)Dont regulate(100,50)(70,70)In the matrix, (x, y) means that Homes benefit is x, while Foreign gets y. What is the Nash equilibrium for this environmental game? Is it a prisoners dilemma? Briefly explain.b. ForeignRegulateDont regulateHomeRegulate(70,70)(70,50)Dont regulate(50,70)(50,50)What is the Nash equilibrium for this environmental game? Is it a prisoners dilemma? Briefly explain.Note that in the former situation, the government puts more weight on producer profits than consumer well-being when calculating welfare. In contrast, the government puts more weight on consumer well-being than producer profits when calculating welfare.Ans:a. ForeignRegulateDont regulateHomeRegulate(70,70)(70,100)Dont regulate(100,50)(70,70)Thus the Nash Equilibrium is (Dont regulate, Dont regulate), which is a prisoners dilemma. For explanation, you need to state what prisoners dilemma is.b. ForeignRegulateDont regulateHomeRegulate(70,70)(70,50)Dont regulate(50,70)(50,50)Thus the Nash Equilibrium is (Regulate, Regulate), which is not a prisoners dilemma. 注意：（70，70）是均衡结果，而不是NE。5.The clothing industry in country A and B face cournot competition. P=b-aZ, Z=x+y(no domestic business assumption) , x is the export quantity of B, y is the export quantity of A. The marginal cost for A is C1, for B is C2（C1 and C2 are constant）(1) Calculate the first order condition of the profit in A and B industries.( the f.o.c. you solved are also called the response function)=(b-ax-by)y-c1y f.o.c 2ay*=b-c1-ax=(b-ax-ay)x-c2x f.o.c. 2ax*=b-c2-ay(2) In cournot competition, the equilibrium is Nash equilibrium, which means each industry produces the proper quantity which will maximize its profit while taking the other industry producing the proper quantity as given( the intersection of response function), give me the equilibrium solution( quantities and profit).均衡时，y=y* x=x*y=(b+c2-2c1)/3ax=(b+c1-2c2)/3a = =(3) If the government in country A put import tariff on B, this means the marginal cost of B production increase from C2 to C2+t, solve the response function again and give me the new equilibrium solution( quantities and profit)2ay*=b-c1-ax2ax*=b-c2-t-ayy=(b+c2+t-2c1)/3ax=(b+c1-2c2-2t)/3a= =(4) If b=9,a=1,C1=2，C2=1，t=1，calculate the profits and the quantities before and after tax, explain which country gain from the import tariff.征税前，y=2，x=3，=4，=9征税后，y=7/3，x=7/3，=49/9，=49/9税收作为一种战略性贸易政策另B国企业的反应曲线下移，B国利润减少，A国利润则增加。专心-专注-专业
