仁爱英语八下unit6知识点总结(共8页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上UNIT 6词类变形1） 名词变形容词comfort-comfortable success-successfulcrowd-crowed danger-dangerouseast-eastern south-southern west-western north-northern 2）反义词 push-pull possible-impossible 3）动词变名词 die-death decide-decision cross-crossing sell-sale4）形容词变副词slow-slowly quick-quickly final-finally fast-fast5）动词过去式lead-led hear-heard spread-spread run-ran hurt-hurt spread-spread break-broke sell-soldTOPIC 1一 词组go on a three-day visit to Mount Tai去泰山旅游三天go on a visit to 去参观/旅游 go on a spring field trip 去春游find out 查明、发现、了解 over the phone/radio 通过电话/收音机raise money 筹钱 see the sunrise 看日出at the foot of 在底部 in the open air 在户外in the day time 在白天 see the sea of clouds 看云海many places of interest 很多名胜古迹 as soon as 一就work out the cost of the trip 算出旅行的花费make a reservation 预定make a room reservation = book a room/rooms 预定房间a train ticket to Mount Tai 一张去泰山的火车票a standard room for one person with a bathroom 一间带有浴室的一人标间ask our parents for money 问我们的父母要钱（ask sb for sth）hear from sb =get/receive a letter from sb 收到某人的来信二重点词句1.decide1）decide on/upon sth 决定或选定某事2）decide to do sth = make a decision to do sth 决定做某事I decided to stay and look after my friend.我决定留下来照顾朋友。3）decide + that从句，决定My daughter decides that she will go to college in the future.我女儿决定将来要上大学。e up with 想出（主意）、找到（答案）、追上、赶上I just came up with a good idea.我刚想出一个好主意。We came up with a group of tourists.我们赶上了一群游客。3.look forward to (doing) sthIm looking forward to our summer vacation. 我期待着暑假的到来。Theyre looking forward to solving the problem. 他们期待着解决问题。4.We have tickets at￥145 for the hard sleeper.at后可接表年龄、速度、价格的词或词组，意为“以-，在-”I bought it at a low price. 我以便宜的价格买了它。The car ran at a speed of 120 kilometers an hour.这辆车以每小时120千米的速度行驶。5.名词+to do:做某事的-，不定式作定语the best way to travel 旅行的最好方式a good place to visit 一个参观的好地方space to park bikes 停自行车的地方less and less land to live on 越来越少居住的陆地a friend to talk with 交谈的朋友a smooth path to ride on 一条骑上去很平坦的道路take spend pay cost 表示“花费”take 过去式 took，主语是it,花费的是“时间”spend过去式 spent，主语是人，花费的是“时间或金钱”pay过去式 paid，主语是人，花费的是“金钱”cost过去式cost，主语是物品，花费的是“金钱” spend结构(1) spend time money on sth.：在上花费时间（金钱）。例I spent two hours on this maths problem. 这道数学题花了我两个小时。(2) spend time money (in) doing sth.： 花费时间（金钱）做某事。例They spent two years (in) building this bridge. 造这座桥花了他们两年时间。cost 结构sth. cost(s) (sb.) 金钱：某物花了（某人）多少钱。例A new computer costs me a lot of money. 买台新电脑要花掉我一大笔钱。take结构It takes/took sb. 时间to do sth.: 做某事花了某人多少时间。例It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。pay结构pay (sb.) money for sth.： 付钱（给某人）买。例I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付（他们）20英磅的房租。too+形容词或副词to +动词原形：太以至于不能做so+形容词+that+句子：如此以至于形容词或副词+enough to +动词原形： 足够可以做He is too weak to carry this stone.=He is so weak that he cant carry this stone.=He is not strong enough to carry this stone. so that+句子，以便，为的是They held a food festival so that they could raise enough money to build a school. 他们举办美食节为的是筹集足够的的钱建学校。TOPIC 2一 词组be on vacation在度假be busy (in) doing sth忙于做某事 be busy with sth忙于某事You bet.当然 Thank goodness.谢天谢地make a plan to do = plan to do计划做 face south 朝南come along with sb和某人一同来 in the old days 在古代on both sides of 在的两边 by the way 顺便说一下（口）on each side of 在的每一边 be full of 充满on either side of 在（两边）的任何一边 out of sight 看不见on the other side of 在的另一边/对面 take out 取出mark the beginning of 标志着的开始 stand for代表着tellfrom 把和区分开 ask sb. for help 向某人求助tell good from bad 区分好坏 cant help doing 忍不住做某事walk through the passage 步行穿过走廊 raise ones head抬头be surprised at 对感到惊奇 take some pictures 照照片step on ones toes 踩到某人的脚趾 in all directions 四面八方push ones way out 挤出去 jump up and down 跳上跳下have fun （in）doing 做某事很开心 get on/off 上/下（车，船等）be lost（某物）丢失，（某人）迷路two hours and a half =two and a half hoursshout at 对大声训斥 shout to 对大声叫、喊arrive at/in +地点=get to +地点=reach +地点： 到达某地二重点词句1.notuntil 知道才He didnt realize his mistake until yesterday.知道昨天他才意识到自己的错误。I wont see Jim until he say sorry to me. 时间状语从句用现在时表将来2.The Tombs spread over an area of 40 square kilometers.spread over = cover 意为“覆盖(面积)”，另外cover后还可接距离，表行驶/步行了多长距离，Rain forests covers/spreads over 6 of the earths surface.热带雨林覆盖了地球表面的6。coverwith 用覆盖He was so shy that he covered his face with both hands.他是如此的害羞以至于用双手遮住了脸庞。cover作名词意为“盖子，封面”3.mark1） 作名词，表“分数，记号”，He got full marks for math. 他数学得了满分。His cat has a white mark on his head. 他的猫头上有一个白色的记号。2) 作动词，表“标出，做记号”My son can mark our house on the map. 我的儿子能在地图上标出我家的位置。4.make sure of sth 确保，设法确定make sure +（that）从句：确保，设法确定We should make sure of no mistake.我们应确保无误。They came to make sure everything goes well.他们来设法确定一切进展顺利。5.face1） 名词，脸，a round face 一张圆脸face to face 面对面make a face做鬼脸2） 动词，面对This house faces the sea.这所房子面朝大海。We will face the danger bravely. 我们将勇敢面对危险。Everyone should face the difficulties with great courage.每个人应该以巨大的勇气面对困难。6.sight1) 风景John enjoyed the sight of the West Lake.约翰观赏着西湖风景。2) 视力 His sight isnt very good. 他的视力不是很好。out of sight看不见，在视线之外He didnt leave until his friend was out of sight.直到看不见他的朋友，他才离开。7.It is about two and a half hours by bike.= It is about two and a half hoursride.骑车大概有两个半小时的路程。类似的有：a two hoursbus ride/walk = a two-hour bus ride/walk 两小时的公汽车程/步行距离TOPIC 3cause air pollution导致空气污染 cause trouble 带来麻烦spit in public 在公共场合吐痰 meters away 几米之外a sharp turn to the left 一个向左的急转弯 run into 撞上be/get hurt受伤 make a wrong turn 转错弯be/get badly hurt = hurtbadly 受伤严重 get a fine 得到罚款follow/obey the traffic rules 遵守交通规则 in danger 处于危险之中break the traffic rules 违反交通规则 out of danger 脱离危险be famous for 因为而出名 in one day 一天之后/一天之内the path to success 成功之路 make a comeback 复出break/beat the record 打破记录 ride into history 驶入历史be/get used to (doing) sth 习惯于（做）某事used to do sth 过去常常做某事（现在不做了）the heavy/busy/crazy traffic 拥挤/繁忙/疯狂的交通wear light-colored clothes and helmets 穿浅色的衣服和戴上安全帽a little比较级a little more confident/beautiful更自信/漂亮点a little longer/colder 更长/冷些1.deal with处理How did he deal with the challenges in his life? 他是怎样处理生命中的挑战的？2.avoid （doing）sth 避免（做）某事We should avoid quarreling with our neighbors.我们应该避免和邻居吵架。3Or （否则）与if（如果）同义句转换Hurry up, or we will miss our train.=If we dont hurry up, we will miss our train.4.warn,动词，警告，告诫1）warn sb of/about sth 警告某人某事，提醒某人注意某事The doctor warned him about eating too much.医生提醒他吃得太多了。3) warn sb not to do sth = warn sb against doing sth 告诫某人不要做某事 She warned me against being over confident.= She warned me not to be too confident. 她警告我不要过分自信。3） warn +从句The teacher warned him that he should say no to smoking.5.1）以when, while, before, after, notuntil, as, as soon as 等表示时间的连词引导的句子叫时间状语从句，该从句描述的是将来发生的事情时，应用一般现在时表示将来。Ill write to her when I have time. 我有空会给她写信。My brother will call me as soon as he arrives in Beijing.我哥哥一到北京就会大电话给我。Turn off the lights before you leave. 走前关灯。2）以if（如果）引导的条件状语从句，也是用现在时表将来，If we hurry, we may catch the bus. 如果赶紧走我们可能赶得上公共汽车。What shall we do if it rains tomorrow?词义辨析1.beat + 对手，记录win + 比赛，奖品，名词，称号2.stop doing sth 停止做某事（停下正在做的事情） stop to do sth 停下来去做某事（停下原来正在做的事，去做另外一件事） stop sb (from) doing sth 阻止某人做某事He had to stop _（smoke） because he was ill.The storm stopped the travelers _ (come) down the hill.Now lets stop _ (have) a short rest.3.when “当时”，后引导的从句可以使短暂性动词也可以是持续性动词，与主句表达的动作可以有先有后，也可以同时。While“正当时”，用于表示同时进行的两个持续性动词相伴随而发生，另外它还可以用在两个同类动作相对比的主句中意为“而”。As从句后表示的动作与主句动作同时发生，具有延续的含义，一般同持续性动词连用，意为“随着”Some students were reading _ others were singing.Its getting colder and colder_ the winter comes.He went home_ he had finished(已经完成) his homework.Youd better eat nothing _ studying.4.place 可数名词，用以表示坐，工作，居住等的地方 Space/room 表“空间”不可数名词 Room表“房间”可数名词Im looking for a _ to study.Will you please save me a _ in the classroom?There isnt enough _ for another chair.How many _ are there in this house?TOPIC 1一 词组make a poster 制作一张海报 know about了解 have/hold a food festival 举办美食节 think about 考虑 mall get wet 全身都淋湿 make tea 泡茶have a sweet tooth 喜欢吃甜食 cook soup 煲汤 whats more 而且，更有甚者 later on 晚些时候whats worse 更糟的是A/My pleasure./It is a pleasure.hold on = hold the line = wait a minute 等一等（别挂电话）What a surprise = How surprising 多么令人惊奇。get in touch with sb. on the Internet 与某人在网上联系get more information about . 获得更多有关··的信息try/do ones best(to do sth) 尽某人最大的努力（做某事）turn to sb. = ask sb for help 向某人求助二重难点知识e true 实现His dream will come true sooner or later.他的理想迟早会实现。2.everywhere else 任何其他的地方Nigerian children are as lovely as the children everywhere else. 3.Keep1) keep up with 跟上，赶上2) keep (on) doing sth 一直在做某事3) keep sb doing sth 让某人一直做某事4) keep sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事5) keep away from 远离6) keep + adj 保持某种状态keep fit/healthy 保持健康 keep cool 保持冷静keep + 宾语 + adjkeep everyone safe 让每个人保持安全7)keep sth 保留某物You can keep the book for two weeks. 这本书你可以借两周。keep a dairy 记日记 keep a secret 保守秘密keep animals 饲养动物4.supply1) 供应，供给，名词 The water supply here is good. 这里的供水不错。2) 供应，供给，动词supply sb with sth = supply sth for/to sb 给某人提供某物We supplied them with money and clothes.= We supplied money and clothes for them. 我们供给他们钱和衣服。5.sale(名词)-sell（动词）for sale 代售I am sorry this painting is not for sale. 很抱歉这幅画是非卖品。6.in order to do sth 为了做某事 in order not to do sth 为了不做某事 so that + 句子 = in order that + 句子 为了 We sell newspapers so that we can raise money for the poor children.= We sell newspapers in order that we can raise money for the poor children.=We sell newspapers to raise money for the poor children. 7.提建议A: Would you like .? Lets .? = Shall we .? Why not do sth ? = Why dont you/we do sth ? What about ? = How about .? May I invite you ? Youd better (not) do sth.B: Thank you. / Id like to, thanks. / Id love to, but Im afraid / That would be nice. / Good idea. / Its very nice of you.专心-专注-专业