非谓语动词之现在分词与过去分词区别(共2页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上非谓语动词之“现在分词”的用法现在分词由“动词原形+ing”构成，具有动词的特点，在句中可作宾语补足语，定语，状语。一、作宾语补足语。（有“主动”的意思）感官动词后可用现在分词作宾语补足语。感官动词有：一 感。（feel）二 听。（hear，listen to）四 看。（see，watch，notice，find）如：I heard the girl singing an English song when I came into the room.例题：1.-Do you often find Tom （play）on the playground after school ？ -Yes，and I found him （play）on the playground just now . 2. Do you often see Mary （draw）picture in her room ？ - Yes，and she was seen （draw）a horse just now.区别：现在分词作宾补表示宾语动作的瞬间，省to不定式作宾补表示宾语动作的过程。补充：keep sb doing sth 使某人干某事，stop sb doing sth 阻止某人干某事二、作定语。（有“主动”的意思）1、There is a girl singing an English song in the room. 有个女孩在房间里唱英文歌。2、The man wearing a black coat may be Lucys father . 穿着黑色外套的那个男子可能是Lucy 的爸爸。例题：1、This is the best way （solve）the problem. 2、I know the woman （wait）at the bus stop.区别：现在分词作定语有被修饰的人“正在做某事”的意思，但动词不定式没有。三、作状语。（有“主动”的意思） 1、The students came into the classroom ，singing and talking.（表伴随）学生们说唱着走进来。 2、Hearing the words ， his face turns red. （表时间）听到这些话，他的脸变红了。 3、Being a Party member，she always does her best to do everything.（表原因）作为党员，她总是尽力做一切事情。 例题：Many people hate advertisements, (say) that they make the cities and countries ugly.非谓语动词之“过去分词”的用法过去分词具有动词的特点，在句中可作宾语补足语，定语等。一、 作宾语补足语（有被动意思）1、 Students shouldnt get their ears pierced. 学生们不应该打耳洞。（使耳朵被穿刺）2、 I will have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我将理发。（使头发被理）（cut是过去分词）3、Have you made the trees watered ？你已让某人浇树了吗？（使树被浇了吗）区别： have 和make用法：使某人干某事 have/make sb do sth 使某事被干 have/make sth done get用法：使某人干某事 get sb to do sth 使某事被干 get sth done例题：1、-Have you had the flowers yet？ -Yes，I had someone them yesterday . A. water，water B watered，watered C water，watered D watered，water 2、-In America， can you understand the native speakers？ -yes， but I cant myself . A understand B understood C to understand D understanding二、作定语。（有被动意思或完成了的意思）.单个过去分词要放在被修饰词的前面，过去分词短语要放在被修饰词的后面。 1、I cant understand spoken English. 2、I like reading the books written by luxun . 3、China is a developing country and America is a developed country . （发展中国家） （发达国家）（有完成了的意思 ）区别：过去分词具有被动的意思 ，而现在分词具有主动的意思 。 例题： The student on the chair was reading a book by Hemingwei . A sitting，writing B sit，written C sitting， written D is sitting， is written 专心-专注-专业