英语一般现在时(共2页).doc
精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上一般现在时详解一、定义:表示现在经常性或习惯性的动作或状态;表示客观真理、科学事实、格言以及不受时间限制的客观存在。口诀:动词一般现在时,表示真理或习惯, 三单人称做主语,动词加上s/es。二、时间状语:句子中出现下列时间状语,用一般现在时often(经常), usually(通常), sometimes(有时), always(总是), once a week(一周一次), every day/week(每天/周), never(从不), on/at weekend(在周末), seldom(很少) 三、含有be动词的一般现在时口诀:I和am,you和are, he she it(人名、地名、事物名) 跟着is, 单数is,复数are, 变否定,be后not, 变疑问,be提前(句首)。注意:1表示单数的人名、地名、事物名,通常看做是第三人称单数。例如Lily(人名),Beijing(地名),a book(事物名)2含有be动词的肯定句变疑问句A,把第一人称改为第二人称,即I变you,we变you,my变your。B,be动词放在句首,其余照抄。例如I am a girl. She is a doctor.否定句:I am not a girl. She is not a doctor.疑问句:Are you a girl? Is she doctor? (No, Im not的回答: Yes, I am. Yes, she is. 回答和其余的回 No, Im not. No, she isnt 答不一样) 四、含有实义动词的一般现在时。1,动词的第三人称单数形式口诀:动词三单现在式,一般词尾加s, s, x, sh, ch, o结尾,直接加上es, 辅音字母加y尾,变y为i加es。例如:have-has(特例) go-goes pass-passes watch-watches try-tries2, 含有实义动词的一般现在时口诀:主语为非三单 变肯定,动词用原形,(主语不是第三人称单数) 变否定,动词前加dont, 变疑问,句首加do。 主语为三单(主语是第三人称单数) 变肯定,动词加上s/es, 变否定,动词前加doesnt, 变疑问,句首加does。注:1)助动词(do does dont doesnt )帮助动词完成否定句,疑问句的词,本身无词义,要和相应的动词构成谓语。2)助动词do does dont doesnt 后跟动词原形注意: 肯定句:非三单用原形,三单加上s/es否定句:实义动词前加上dont/doesnt 疑问句:I变you,we变you,my变your 句首加上do/does。 疑问句 否定句do dont句首 实义动词前 does 三单(人名、地名、事物名) doesnt 例如:I read my book. She watches TV.否定句:I dont read my book. She doesnt watch TV.疑问句:Do you read your book? Does she watch TV?回答: Yes, I do. Yes, she does. No, I dont. No, she doesnt易错题 I do my homework. He does his homework. 否定句:I dont do my homework. He doesnt do his homework.疑问句:Do you do your homework? Does he do his homework? 回答: Yes, I do. Yes, he does. No, I dont. No, he doesnt. (注:第一个does为助动词,第二个do是做的意思)五、There be结构的一般现在时1,There be含义:这里有,某地有某物,是存在句。2,就近性原则:be动词靠近哪一个名词,如果这个名词是单数或不可数名词,用is;如果是复数,则用are。例如: There is a pen and two books here. There are two pens and a book here.区别: A pen and a book are here. 该句不是There be 句型,所以不适用就近性原则3, There is some water. There are two books.否定句:There is any water. There are not two books.疑问句:Is there any water? Are there two books?回答: Yes, there is. Yes, there are. No, there isnt. No, there arent.注意:some一般情况下只用于肯定句,而any用于疑问句和否定句。所以肯定句变为疑问句或否定句时,把some改为any。4,There be 与have区别There be:无生命have:有生命专心-专注-专业