2021届新高考版英语主题一轮复习讲义：主题3-自我课堂互动(共8页).docx

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上1 defend vt.辩解,辩白;防御,保护单句填空They never even gave me a chance to defend (defend) myself. What is even more interesting is that one of Stein's jobs is defending (defend) an industry behind the plastic shopping bag. The female hormones also help the body defend itself against/from some kinds of infections.  完成句子We don't know how many people gave their lives in defence of(捍卫)freedom. The traveller may fire at a wild beast todefend himself(保护自己)in case he is attacked. It's natural for a country todefend itself from/against(保护自己免受)other countries. 点拨(1)defend oneself 自卫,为自己辩护defend.from/against.保护免受的伤害(2)defence n.防御;防护;保卫in defence of 为了保护点津与defend.from.类似的短语还有:keep/prevent/stop.from.阻止做protect.from.保护免受的伤害2 deserve vt.值得;应得;应受单句填空I think your suggestion deserves trying/to be tried(try). They didn't deserveto win(win). 句型转换We should keep in mind that everyone's ideas deserve consideration.We should keep in mind that everyone's ideas deserve considering. We should keep in mind that everyone's ideas deserveto be considered. 完成句子唐诗永远值得反复阅读。Tang Poems deserve reading/deserve to be read again and again all the time.  我认为任何好的建议都值得考虑。I think any good suggestion deserves consideration/considering/to be considered. 点拨deserve to do sth. 值得做某事deserve to be done/deserve doing值得被做deserve consideration 值得考虑deserve one's respect值得某人的尊敬点津当物作主语时,deserve后接doing,主动形式表示被动意义,相当于接动词不定式的被动形式。need, want, require作“需要”讲时也有类似用法。3 insist vi.坚持;坚持认为;坚决要求单句填空Recently, he has been refusing to do his homework, and instead insists on wasting his time watching DVDs and listening to foreign music. An assumption behind UK insurance for driverless cars, introduced earlier this year, insists that a human“(should) be (be)watchful and monitoring the road” at every moment. He persists in his bad habit. 点拨insist on(doing)sth.坚持(做)某事insist that.坚持认为,坚决要求联想后接宾语从句时,从句用虚拟语气的常见动词有:一坚持(insist),二命令(order, command),三建议(advise, suggest, propose),四要求(demand, require, request, ask),外加一个敦促(urge)。点津insist that:表示“坚持认为”时,从句用陈述语气;表示“坚决要求”时,从句用虚拟语气,谓语用“(should+)动词原形”。辨析insist与persistinsist指坚持意见、看法、主张等,常与on连用。insist作“坚决要求”讲时,后面从句要用虚拟语气。persist多用于坚持行动,意为“坚持,执意”,常和in连用。4 harm vt. & n.伤害用harm,injure,hurt和destroy的适当形式填空The school was completelydestroyedby fire. The court case will do seriousharmto my business. You'llhurther feelings if you forget her birthday. Being injuredin the leg made it impossible for me to walk as fast as usual. 单句填空How can I help my son without harming(harm) our relationship? Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful(harm) effects of chemicals on humans and on the world's lakes and oceans. You needn't worry and this experiment was harmless (harm) to the animals.  点拨harm sb./sth.do harm to sb./sth.do sb./sth. harmbe harmful to sb./sth.对某人/物有害;伤害某人/物there is no harm in doing sth.=it does no harm to do sth.做某事没有什么坏处harmful adj. 有害的harmless adj. 无害的be harmless to sb./sth.对某人/物无害辨析damage, destroy, injure, harm和hurt(1)damage可指不同程度的损害、破坏,通常指那种使价值、有用性和有效性减少的损害;(2)destroy常指毁灭性的破坏;(3)injure可以指对健康、外表、前景或生活的舒适带来反面影响;(4)harm与hurt主要指带来痛苦、悲伤、损失或损害。5 forbid vt.禁止(forbade, forbidden)单句填空He even forbids me from chatting with my friends in the Internet cafe! 句型转换考虑到他的学习,他的爸爸禁止他在微信上聊天。In view of his study, his father forbade him/his chatting on WeChat.=In view of his study, his father forbade him to chat on WeChat. =In view of his study, his father forbade him from chatting on WeChat. 句式升级We are forbidden to play on the lawn belonging to him.(用it作形式主语改写)It's forbidden for us to play on the lawn belonging to him. 点拨forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事forbid sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事It's forbidden(for sb.)to do sth.(某人)做某事是禁止的。点津forbid的近义词是ban和prohibit,ban/prohibit sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事。forbid后常接动名词作宾语,这类常考动词还有admit(承认)、avoid(避免)、consider(考虑)、deny(否认)、imagine(想象)、mind(介意)、escape(避免)等。1 be supposed to 应该,应当单句填空But, but. you weren't supposed to come (come) home until tomorrow! Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(决定不参加)of what are supposed to be required (require) vaccines for all children entering kindergarten. Supposing/Suppose(suppose)she doesn't come, what shall we do? 一句多译你本应该昨天就把作业交上的。You were supposed to have handed in your homework yesterday. (be supposed to) You should have handed in your homework yesterday. (should) You ought to have handed in your homework yesterday. (ought to) 点拨be supposed to do sth.应该做某事be supposed to have done sth. 本应该做某事(实际上未做)be supposed to be.被认为是I suppose so. 我认为是这样。I suppose not.(=I don't suppose so.)我认为不是这样。suppose/supposing(that)假设;假定联想表示“本来应该做某事(但未去做)”的结构还有should have done sth.和ought to have done sth.等。2 as long as 只要单句填空We make no restrictions on the kinds of films we showas long as a film's quality meets (meet)our standards, we include it.  赏句猜义(写出下列句子中as long as的汉语意思)This river is as long as that one.和一样长 I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest.只要 选词填空(as long as, as well as, as far as, as good as)Maryas well asJohn has gone to Taiwan to spend their holiday. You can borrow my computeras long asyou promise to return it in time.  As far asI am concerned, I approve of the plan. 点拨as long as只要,相当于so long as,引导条件状语从句。联想so well as与一样好;也;还as far as远到;就而言;至于as good as与一样好;与几乎一样1 with的复合结构单句填空The room is in a mess, with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day. With nothingto do(do),Tom sleeps at home. You should go to sleep with the light turned(turn) off. With winter coming(come) on,it's time to buy warm clothes. With all the things she needed bought(buy),she went home happily. 句型转换(用with的复合结构改写下列句子)The College Entrance Examination is drawing near,so the students feel great pressure.With the College Entrance Examination drawing near,the students feel great pressure. After she took a great weight off her mind,she passed all the tests successfully.With a great weight taken off her mind,she passed all the tests successfully. 点拨“with+宾语+宾语补足语”有六种情况:(1)with+名词/代词+现在分词;(2)with+名词/代词+形容词;(3)with+名词/代词+副词;(4)with+名词/代词+不定式;(5)with+名词/代词+过去分词;(6)with+名词/代词+介词短语。点津在with的复合结构中, 要特别注意宾语和宾语补足语之间的逻辑关系, 根据主动(现在分词)、被动(过去分词)、表示将来(不定式)等来选择正确的补足语形式。2 have sth. done使被单句填空Daniel has his arms crossed (cross) and looks upset. I'm sorry I can't go with you. I have some clothesto wash(wash). The boss had the workers working (work) day and night. I have some books to be taken (take) to my room,would you give me a hand? I'm writing to you to have my resume revised (revise). 点拨“have sth. done”表示“使被”,这个结构也可以表示个人遭遇(通常为不好或不幸的遭遇)。点津 have sb./sth. doing让一直做have sb./sth. do 让做have sth. to do有某事要做(动作由主语发出,不定式作后置定语)have sth. to be done 有某事要做(动作不是由主语发出,不定式作后置定语)can't/won't have sb. doing.不允许某人做3 every time引导时间状语从句完成句子郎(平)一踏进体育场,所有的人都站了起来。The moment/minute/instant/second/As soon as Lang stepped into the stadium, nobody could stay seated.  我记得每次你来我们学校的时候,你都给我看一些关于那个主题的照片。I remember you showed me some photos on that theme every/each time you visited our school. 点拨every time为名词短语,在此处用作连词,引导时间状语从句,意思是“每当”。联想可以引导时间状语从句的名词短语还有each time/the first time/next time/the last time。点津the first time 表示“第一次”,在句中可作宾语、表语,还可以用作连词,引导时间状语从句。for the first time 表示“第一次”,独立作状语,不能引导从句。专心-专注-专业