2022年最新中国文化翻译练习10篇2.pdf

精品文档精品文档一、对龙图腾的崇拜在中国大约已绵延了八千多年。中国龙是古人将鱼、蛇、马、牛等动物与云雾、雷电等自然天象集合而成的一种神物。中国龙的形成与中华民族的多元融合过程同步。在中国人的心目中，龙具有开拓变化和团结凝聚的寓意。(1) 对龙图腾的崇拜在中国大约已绵延了八千多年。Chinese Dragon totem worship in China has been around for over 8,000 years. (2) 中国龙是古人将鱼、蛇、马、牛等动物与云雾、雷电等自然天象集合而成的一种神物。The ancients in China considered the dragon (or loong) as a fetish that combine s animals including the fish, snake, horse and ox withcloud, thunder, lightning and other natural celestial phenomena. (3) 中国龙的形成与中华民族的多元融合过程同步。The Chinese dragon was formed in accordance withthe multicultural fusion process of the Chinese nation. (4) 在中国人的心目中，龙具有开拓变化和团结凝聚的寓意。To the Chinese, the dragon signifiesinnovation and cohesion. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档二、秧歌舞是中国汉族的一种民间传统舞蹈，通常在北方省份表演。秧歌舞者通常穿上明亮多彩的表演服装，他们的表演动作有力迅速。在农历春节、元宵节等节日期间，人们一旦听到锣鼓声，不管外面天气有多冷，他们都会蜂拥到街上看秧歌舞表演。近年来，中国东北某些城市的老年人自发组织了了秧歌队，队员常年通过跳秧歌舞来保持健康，同时他们也乐在其中。(1) 秧歌舞是中国汉族的一种民间传统舞蹈，通常在北方省份表演。Yangko is one of the traditional folk dances of Han nationality in China. It is usually performed in Northern provinces. (2) 秧歌舞者通常穿上明亮多彩的表演服装，他们的表演动作有力迅速。The dancers usually wear / are dressed in colorful and light costumes, and the performance is powerful and rapid. (3) 在农历春节、元宵节等节日期间，人们一旦听到锣鼓声，不管外面天气有多冷，他们都会蜂拥到街上看秧歌舞表演。During some festivals such as the Spring Festival, the 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档Lantern Festival, on hearing the sound of drum and gong, no matter how cold the weather is, people will come to the street and appreciate the Yangko. (4) 近年来，中国东北某些城市的老年人自发组织了了秧歌队，队员常年通过跳秧歌舞来保持健康，同时他们也乐在其中。In recent years, the old people in some east-northern cities of China have organized the team of Yangko by themselves ; the team members keep healthy bydancing Yangko the whole year round . 三、长城是人类创造的世界奇迹之一。如果你到了中国却没去过长城，就像到了巴黎没有去看看菲尔铁塔，或者就像到了埃及没有去看金字塔一样。人们常说：“ 不到长城非好汉。”实际上，长城最初只是一些断断续续的城墙， 直到秦朝才将其连城长城。 然而，今天我们看到的长城-东起山海关西至嘉峪关-大部分都是在明代修建的。(1) 长城是人类创造的世界奇迹之一。The Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world (that have been) created by human beings. (2) 如果你到了中国却没去过长城，就像到了巴黎没有去看看菲尔铁塔，或者就像到了埃及没有去看金字精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档塔一样。If you come to China without climbing the Great Wall, its just like going to Paris without visiting the Eiffel Tower; orgoing to Egypt withoutvisiting the Pyramids. (3) 人们常说： “ 不到长城非好汉。 ”It is often said, “ He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.” (4) 实际上，长城最初只是一些断断续续的城墙，直到秦朝才将其连城长城。In fact, it began as independent walls for different states when it was first built, and did not become “ the Great Wall” until the Qin Dynasty. (5) 然而，今天我们看到的长城-东起山海关西至嘉峪关-大部分都是在明代修建的。However, the wall we see today, starting fromShanhaiguan Pass in the east to Jiayunguan Pass in the west, was mostly built during the Ming Dynasty. 四、饺子是深受中国人民喜爱的传统食品。相传为古代医圣张仲景发明。饺子的制作包括：1） 擀皮、2） 备馅、 3） 包馅水煮三个步骤。其特点是皮薄馅嫩，味道鲜美，形状独特，百食不厌。民间有“ 好吃精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档不过饺子 ” 的俗语。中国人接亲待客、逢年过节都有包饺子吃的习俗，寓意吉利。对崇尚亲情的中国人来说，“ 更岁交子 ” 吃饺子，更是欢度除夕、辞旧迎新必不可少的内容。(1) 饺子是深受中国人民喜爱的传统食品。Dumplings are one of the Chinese people s favorite traditional dishes. (2) 相传为古代医圣张仲景发明。According to an ancient Chinese legend, dumplings were first made by the medical saint-Zhang Zhongjing. (3) 饺子的制作包括：1） 擀皮、2） 备馅、3） 包馅水煮三个步骤。There are three steps in making dumplings: 1) make dumpling wrappers out of / with dumpling flour; 2) prepare the dumpling stuffing; 3) make dumplings and boil them. (4) 其特点是皮薄馅嫩，味道鲜美，形状独特，百食不厌。With thin and elastic dough wrappers, fresh and tender stuffing, delicious taste, and unique shapes, dumplings are very delicious to eat. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档(5) 民间有 “ 好吃不过饺子 ” 的俗语。Theres an old saying that, “ Nothing could be moredelicious than dumplings”. (6) 中国人接亲待客、 逢年过节都有包饺子吃的习俗，寓意吉利。During the Spring Festival and other holidays or when entertaining relatives and friends, Chinese people like to follow the auspicious custom of eating dumplings. (7) 对崇尚亲情的中国人来说，“ 更岁交子 ” 吃饺子，更是欢度除夕、辞旧迎新必不可少的内容。To Chinese people who believe in family affection/ties, having dumplings at the moment of the old year replaced by the new is an essential part of bidding farewell to the old and ushering in the New Year . 五、针灸是中医学的重要组成部分。按照中医的经络理论，针灸疗法主要是通过疏通经络、调和气血，来达到阴阳归于平衡，使脏腑趋于调和之目的。其特点是“ 内病外治 ” 。主要疗法是用针刺入病人身体的一定穴位，或用艾火的温热刺激烧灼病人的穴位，以达到刺激经络、治疗病痛的目的。针灸以其独特的优势，流传至今并传播到了世界，与中餐、功夫、中药一起精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档被海外誉为中国的 “ 新四大国粹 ” 。(1) 针灸是中医学的重要组成部分。Acupuncture is an important part of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). (2) 按照中医的经络理论，针灸疗法主要是通过疏通经络、调和气血，来达到阴阳归于平衡，使脏腑趋于调和之目的。In accordance withthe “main and collateral channels theory”in TCM, the purpose of acupuncture is to dredge the channel and regulate qi and blood so as tokeep the bodys yin and yang balanced and achieve reconciliation between the internal organs. (3) 其特点是 “ 内病外治 ” 。It features in traditional Chinese medicine that “internal diseases are to be treated with external therapy ”.(4) 主要疗法是用针刺入病人身体的一定穴位，或用艾火的温热刺激烧灼病人的穴位，以达到刺激经络、治疗病痛的目的。The main therapy of acupuncture involves usingneedles to pierce certain acupoints of the patient s body, oradopting moxibustion to stimulate the 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档patient s acupoints so as to stimulate the channels and relieve pain. (5) 针灸以其独特的优势， 流传至今并传播到了世界，与中餐、功夫、中药一起被海外誉为中国的“ 新四大国粹” 。With its unique advantages, acupuncture has beenhanded down generation after generation and has now spreadall over the world. Nowadays , acupuncture, along withChinese food, kung fu (otherwise known as Chinese martial arts), and traditional Chinese medicine, has been internationally hailedasone of the “four new national treasures.”六、中国功夫即中国武术承载着丰富的中国民族传统文化，是将攻防技术寓于搏斗和套路运动之中的中国传统体育项目。其核心思想是儒家的中和养气之说，同时兼容了道家、释家的思想。中国武术源远流长、流派林立、拳种繁多，讲究刚柔并济、内外兼修，蕴含着先哲们对生命和宇宙的参悟。后世所称十八般武艺，主要指：徒手拳艺，如太极拳、形意拳、八卦掌等；器械功夫，如刀枪剑戟(ji3)、斧钺 (yue4)钩叉等。(1) 中国功夫即中国武术承载着丰富的中国民族传统文化，是将攻防技术寓于搏斗和套路运动之中的中国精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档传统体育项目。Chinese Kung Fu, or Chinese martial arts, carriestraditional Chinese culture in abundance . It is a traditional Chinese sport which applies the art of attack and defense in combat and the motions. (2) 其核心思想是儒家的中和养气之说，同时兼容了道家、释家的思想。The core idea of Chinese kung fu is derived from the Confucian theory of both “the mean and harmony ” and “cultivating qi ” (otherwise known as nourishing ones spirit). Meanwhile, it also includes some thoughts of Taoism and Buddhism. (3) 中国武术源远流长、流派林立、拳种繁多，讲究刚柔并济、内外兼修，蕴含着先哲们对生命和宇宙的参悟。Chinese kung fu has a long history,with multi-various sects and many different boxing styles, and emphasizes coupling hardness with softnessand internal and external training. It contains the ancient great thinkers pondering of life and the universe. (4) 后世所称十八般武艺，主要指：徒手拳艺，如太极拳、形意拳、八卦掌等；器械功夫，如刀枪剑戟 (ji3)、精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档斧钺(yue4)钩叉等。The skills in wielding the 18 kinds of weapons , named by the later generations, mainly involve the skills of bare-handed boxing, such asshadow boxing (Taijiquan), form and will boxing (Xingyiquan), eight trigram palm (Baguazhang), and the skills of kung fu weaponry, such as the skill of using swords, spears, two-edged swords and halberds, axes, tomahawks, hooks, prongs and so on . 七、汉字是从原始人用以记事的简单图画，经过不断演变发展最终成为一种兼具音、形、意、韵的独特文字。现存中国古代最早成熟的文字是甲骨文，被认为是现代汉字的初形。 此后，汉字又经历了金文、 隶书、楷书、草书、行书等不同的阶段。汉字结构“外圆内方”源于古人“天圆地方”的观念。汉字有五种基本笔画，即：横、竖、撇、捺、折。(1) 汉字是从原始人用以记事的简单图画，经过不断演变发展最终成为一种兼具音、形、意、韵的独特文字。Chinese characters were initially meant to be simple pictures used to help primitive people remember things. After a long period of development , it finally 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档became a unique character system that embodies phonetic sound, image, idea, and rhyme at the same time. (2) 现存中国古代最早成熟的文字是甲骨文，被认为是现代汉字的初形。The writing system, which was extremely advanced in ancient times, began with inscriptions on bones and tortoise shells, and these are regarded as the original forms of Chinese characters. (3) 此后，汉字又经历了金文、隶书、楷书、草书、行书等不同的阶段。Afterwards, Chinese characters went through numerous calligraphic styles: bronze inscriptions, official script, regular script, cursive script, running script, etc. (4) 汉字结构“外圆内方”源于古人“天圆地方”的观念。Chinese characters are usually round outside and square inside, which is rooted in ancient Chinese beliefs of an orbicular sky and a rectangular Earth. (5) 汉字有五种基本笔画，即：横、竖、撇、捺、折。The five basic strokes of Chinese characters are the 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 11 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档horizontal stroke, the vertical stroke, the left-falling stroke, the right-falling stroke and the turning stroke. 八、中国人使用筷子就餐的方式在世界上独树一帜。有史记载用筷的历史已有三千多年。筷子古时称为箸(zhu4)，它看似简单，但却同时具有夹、拨、挑、扒、拌、 撮、戳、撕等多种功能。中国民间视筷子为吉祥之物，如婚俗中将筷子隐喻为快生贵子的祝福等。与使用刀叉以及手抓的方式不同，成双结对的筷子含有“ 和为贵 “ 的意蕴。西方人赞誉筷子是古老的东方文明。(1) 中国人使用筷子就餐的方式在世界上独树一帜。The Chinese way of eating with chopsticksis unique in the world. (2) 有史记载用筷的历史已有三千多年。The recorded history of chopsticks started more than three thousand years ago. (3) 筷子古时称为箸 (zhu4)，它看似简单， 但却同时具有夹、拨、挑、扒、拌、撮、戳、撕等多种功能。Chopsticks were namedzhu in ancient Chinese. They are seemingly simple to use , but possess multi-various functions, such as clamping, turning over, lifting up, raking, stirring, scooping, poking, tearing, and so on . 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 12 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档(4) 中国民间视筷子为吉祥之物，如婚俗中将筷子隐喻为快生贵子的祝福等。Chopsticks were taken as an auspicious mascot byordinary people in ancient China. For example, the partial tone of chopsticks is often used by people as a metaphor at weddings to indicate a blessing for the couple to have a baby soon. (5) 与使用刀叉以及手抓的方式不同，成双结对的筷子含有 “ 和为贵 “ 的意蕴。Unlike using a knife and fork or ones own hands, a pair of chopsticks also implies the meaning of “Harmony is what matters”.(6) 西方人赞誉筷子是古老的东方文明。Chopsticks are highly praised by Westerners as a mark of ancient oriental civilization. 九、印章就是图章。中国历代官、私所用的印章有印信、朱记、合同、符、契等等不同的称谓，而帝王所用的印章古时称玺、印、宝、章等。据史料记载，印章在战国时代已普遍使用。印章的制作是将篆(zhuan4)隶等字体、图像用阴 (凹)、阳(凸)的形式雕刻而成，形状以圆、方为主。印章用朱色钤(qian2)盖，除日常应用外，又多用于书画题识，逐渐成为中国特精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 13 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档有的艺术形式之一。(1) 印章就是图章。A seal can also be defined as a stamp. (2) 中国历代官、私所用的印章有印信、朱记、合同、符、 契等等不同的称谓，而帝王所用的印章古时称玺、印、宝、章等。Both the Chinese official and private seal of various dynasties have different titles, such as stamp, zhu note, contract, fu, lease and others. The seals used by the emperors of ancient China were called xi, yin, bao, zhang etc. (3) 据史料记载，印章在战国时代已普遍使用。According to historical records, seals were widely used during the Warring States Period. (4) 印章的制作是将篆(zhuan4)隶等字体、图像用阴(凹)、阳(凸)的形式雕刻而成，形状以圆、方为主。The making of a seal is to engrave fonts, such as seal characters, official scripts and so on; or images in the 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 14 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档form of intaglio and embossment into the seal, basically shaped as either round or square. (5) 印章用朱色钤 (qian2)盖，除日常应用外，又多用于书画题识，逐渐成为中国特有的艺术形式之一。Covered with a vermilion overlay, the Chinese seal is not only used in daily life, but it is also used torepresent signatures on paintings and calligraphies. It is gradually becoming one of China s unique artworks. 十、 天干地支是中国历法中用以记录和命名年岁的方法。 十天干为：甲、 乙、 丙、丁、戊、已、庚、辛、壬、癸；十二地支为：子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、 未、申、酉、戊、亥。古人观测朔望月，发现月亮圆缺12 次大体上是一年的天数，而两个朔望月约是 60 天。古人以十天干与十二地支的顺序依次相配，记录不同年份，60 年为一个轮回。干支纪年法从古沿用至今。按干支纪年法，2011 年便是辛卯年。(1) 天干地支是中国历法中用以记录和命名年岁的方法。精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 15 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档The Chinese era is the symbol that the Chinese calendar uses for recording and naming years. (2) 十天干为： 甲、 乙、 丙、丁、戊、已、庚、辛、壬、癸；十二地支为：子、丑、寅、卯、辰、巳、午、未、申、酉、戊、亥。The ten Heavenly Stems are: jia, yi, bing, ding, wu, ji, geng, xin, ren, gui. The twelve Earthly Branches are: zi, chou, yin, mao, chen, si, wu, wei, shen, you, xu, hai. (3) 古人观测朔望月，发现月亮圆缺12 次大体上是一年的天数，而两个朔望月约是60 天。After observing the lunar month, the ancients found that the moon always waxes and wanes roughly 12 times a year, and two lunar months account for about 60 days. (4) 古人以十天干与十二地支的顺序依次相配，记录不同年份， 60 年为一个轮回。So the order of the ten Heavenly Stems and the order of the twelve Earthly Branches are properly matched in turn. In terms of recording date, 60 years is considered to be a full time cycle. 精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 16 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - - 精品文档精品文档(5) 干支纪年法从古沿用至今。The Chinese era chronology was first invented in ancient times and is still in use now . (6) 按干支纪年法， 2011 年便是辛卯年。According to the chronology of the “ten Heavenly Stems,” 2011 is the“ Xin Mao Year”.精品资料 - - - 欢迎下载 - - - - - - - - - - - 欢迎下载 名师归纳 - - - - - - - - - -第 17 页，共 17 页 - - - - - - - - - -