《英语词汇学》练习测试题集及答案(共14页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上华中师范大学网络教育学院词汇学练习测试题及答案 本科I.Decide whether the statements are true or false and write T (true) or F (false) in the corresponding brackets. （每题一分）( ) 1. “All national character” is the most important of all the five characteristics of the basic word stock.( ) 2. By origin, English words can be classified as “native words” and “loan words”.( ) 3. The languages (Norwegian, German, Dutch, Danish, Swedish) all belong to Germanic Family except Norwegian.( ) 4. Old English vocabulary is full of endings.( ) 5. Allomorphs are phonological variants which realize morphemes.( ) 6. Inflectional morphemes are added to the end of words to show grammatical concepts.( ) 7. The most productive means of word-formation is affixation.( ) 8. Acronyms are words of initial letters, which are pronounced letter by letter.( ) 9. Reference refers to the relationship between different languages.( ) 10. Grammatical meaning refers to the part of the word-meaning which indicates grammatical concepts.( ) 11. In the process of “Radiation” the derived meanings of words are not directly related to the primary meaning. ( ) 12. The diachronic approach to polysemy is to find how a word gradually acquires its meanings in the process of development. ( ) 13. When a word changes from a specific to a general meaning, it goes through extension of meaning.( ) 14. “meat” is an example of narrowing of meaning. ( ) 15. “teacher” and “student” are converses.( ) 16. A word which has a synonym naturally has an antonym.( ) 17. Meaning is a relatively stable element in a language compared with spelling.( ) 18. The changes of meaning are caused by both linguistic and extra-linguistic factors.( ) 19. Extra-linguistic context refers to factors beyond language.( ) 20. Linguistic context provides clues for guessing meanings of new words.( ) 21. Idioms are phrases and short sentences the meanings of which are not easy to infer from the constituents in most cases.( ) 22. Idioms can be classified in different ways but the classification according to grammatical function is the most helpful way.( ) 23. Commonization involves proper nouns used as common words.( ) 24. In some pairs of antonyms, the marked terms cover the meaning of the unmarked. ( ) 25. Variations of idioms are the idioms whose forms are modified.( ) 26. Non-basic vocabulary includes terminology, Anglo-Saxon words, argot and neologisms.( ) 27. Aliens, semantic loans, translation-loans and denizens are all borrowings.( ) 28. The three sources of new words are creation, semantic change and borrowing.( ) 29. Modern English is considered to be an analytic language.( ) 30. The minimal free form of a language is a morpheme.( ) 31. Derivational morphemes are used to form new words.( ) 32. Compounding involves the combination of affixes and bases.( ) 33. Partial conversion is a process of using adjectives as ordinary nouns.( ) 34. Motivation accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning.( ) 35. Associative meaning consists of connotative meaning, stylistic meaning, affective meaning and emotive meaning.( ) 36. Polysemy is concerned with words of more than one meaning.( ) 37. The most important source of English synonyms is shortening.( ) 38. Associated transfer involves words used in their figurative sense.( ) 39. Objective meaning shows that the subject (or agent) is the one to be affected by the action of the verb.( ) 40. Complementaries are antonyms characterized by “mutual exclusion” and “gradability”.( ) 41. The superordinate term covers the concept of the subordinate. ( ) 42. Elevation is also known as amelioration.( ) 43. “villain” is an example of degradation.( ) 44. Linguistic context refers to the words, clauses, sentences, paragraphs and even cultural background.( ) 45. Ambiguity is often caused by inadequate context.( ) 46. Idioms are generally informal in nature. ( ) 47. Structurally, idioms can never be changed. ( ) 48. The four major foreign contributors to the development of English vocabulary are Latin, Greek, French and Scandinavian.( ) 49. Relative synonyms may differ in denotation, connotation and application.( )50. The contemporary vocabulary expansion of English is mainly by borrowing and affixation.( ) 51. Old English refers to the language used between 100 and 450.( ) 52. “Radiation” shows that the derived meanings of a polysemant are not directly related to the primary meaning.( ) 53. The connection between sound and meaning is conventional and arbitrary. ( ) 54. A word which has a synonym naturally has an antonym.( ) 55. Content words are numerous and more frequently used than functional words on average.( ) 56. Extra-linguistic context refers to the physical situation or cultural background.( ) 57. During the Middle English period, Celtic, Latin and English existed side by side.( ) 58. Inadequate context is often the cause of ambiguity.( ) 59. Compounding is the process of creating new words by combining affixes and bases.( )60. In some pairs of antonyms, one term may cover the meaning of the other word.( )61. In a natural language, most words are non-motivated.( )62. Inflectional affixes are grammatical markers.( )63. Concept and sense mean the same and thus are interchangeable.( )64. A form to which an affix of any kind can be added is called a stem.( )65. Contradictory terms are non-gradable.( )66. Acronyms are words of initial letters which are pronounced as common words. ( )67. Grammatical meaning refers to part of speech, tenses of verbs, stylistic features of words and so on.( )68. What remains of a word after the removal of all affixes is a stem.( )69. Affective meaning indicates the attitude of the user, whether positive or negative.( )70. The connotative meaning is also known as connotations, which are generally found in the dictionary.( )71. Idioms are set phrases whose meaning is often difficult or impossible to infer from the constituent words.( )72. In modern times, vocabulary develops mainly by means of changing meanings of old words.( )73. Most of the newly created words are associated with the change of life style and society.( )74. Homographs are words identical in form but different in pronunciation.( ) 75. Homonyms come mainly from borrowingthe most important source.( ) 76. Middle English lasted for more than four hundred years.( ) 77. Borrowing has brought most synonyms to the English language.( ) 78. The characteristics of the basic word stock include all national character, denizens and productivity.( ) 79. The superordinate differs from the subordinate in that the former covers the concept of the latter.( ) 80. Words of old English were full of endings.( ) 81. The way to differentiate homonyms from polysemants is mainly to see their origins as well as sense relatedness.( ) 82. Modern English is an analytic language.( ) 83. Hyponymy deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion.( ) 84. Denizens are words which were borrowed from other languages but later became assimilated into the English language.( ) 85. Lexical context refers to the words that appear only before the lexical item in question.( ) 86. Generally speaking, native words have a higher frequency of use than loan words.( ) 87. Reference refers to the relationship between the linguistic symbols and the objective world.( ) 88. Free morphemes are morphemes which alone can be used as words.( ) 89. Context gives a polysemic word a definite meaning.( ) 90. Half-converted adjectives are used as common nouns while full-converted ones still retain adjective features.( ) 91. Motivation explains why a particular word of a language has a particular meaning.( ) 92. By origin English is more closely related to German than to French.( ) 93. Unlike conceptual meaning, associative meaning is unstable and indeterminate.( ) 94. Prefixes do not generally change part of speech whereas suffixes do.( ) 95. In the phrase “the tongues of fire”, the word fire is semantically motivated. ( ) 96. The origins of words are a key factor that distinguishes homonyms from polysemants.( ) 97. The objective meaning implies that the subject of the sentence is the one affected by the action.( ) 98. The meaning of a word which is etymologically motivated is closely related to its origin.( ) 99. The result of the human cognition of the objective world is called concept.( )100. Borrowing has brought most synonyms to the English language.( )101. “Radiation” shows that the derived meanings of a polysemant are not directly related to the primary meaning.( )102. The connection between sound and meaning is conventional and arbitrary. ( )103. A word which has a synonym naturally has an antonym.( )104. Content words are numerous and more frequently used than functional words on average.( ) 105. The characteristics of the basic word stock include all national character, denizens and productivity.( ) 106. During the Middle English period, Celtic, Latin and English existed side by side.( ) 107. Inadequate context is often the cause of ambiguity.( ) 108. The way to differentiate homonyms from polysemants is mainly to see their origins as well as sense relatedness.( )109. In some pairs of antonyms, one term may cover the meaning of the other word.( )110. Aliens are words of the native element.( )111. Denizens are words which were borrowed from other languages but later became assimilated into the English language.( )112. Inflectional affixes are grammatical markers.( )113. Concept and sense mean the same and thus are interchangeable.( )114. Reference refers to the relationship between the linguistic symbols and the objective world.( )115. Contradictory terms are non-gradable.( )116. Acronyms are words of initial letters which are pronounced as common words. ( )117. Grammatical meaning refers to part of speech, tenses of verbs, stylistic features of words and so on.( )118. Half-converted adjectives are used as common nouns while full-converted ones still retain adjective features.( )119. Affective meaning indicates the attitude of the user, whether positive or negative.( )120. The connotative meaning is also known as connotations, which are generally found in the dictionary.( )121. Prefixes do not generally change part of speech whereas suffixes do.( )122. In modern times, vocabulary develops mainly by means of changing meanings of old words.( )123. Most of the newly created words are associated with the change of life style and society.( )124. The objective meaning implies that the subject of the sentence is the one affected by the action.一、答案1、 T2. T3. F4. T5. T6. T7. T8. F 9. F10. T11. F12. T13. T14. T15. T16. F 17. F18. T19. T20. T21. T22. T23. T24. F 25. T 26. T27. T28. T29. T 30. F31. T32. F33. F 34. T35. F36. T37. F38. T39. T40. F41. T 42. T43. T44. F45. T46. T47. F48. T49. T50. F51. F 52. F 53. T 54. F 55. F 56. T 57. F 58. T 59. F 60. T61. T 62. T 63. F 64. T65. T 66. T 67. F 68. F 69. T 70. F 71. T 72. F 73. F 74. T 75. T 76. F 77. T 78. F 79. T 80. T 81. T 82. T 83. T 84. T 85. F 86. T 87. T 88. T 89. T 90. F91. T 92. T 93. T 94. T 95. T 96. F 97. T 98. T 99. T 100. T 101. F 102. T 103. F 104. F 105. F 106. F 107. T 108. T 109. T 110. F 111. T 112. T 113. F 114. T 115. T 116. T 117. F 118. F 119. T 120. F 121. T 122. F 123. F 124. TII.Analyze the following words and say how they are formed, and put your answers in the brackets:（每词0.5分） Example: disobey ( prefixation) headache (compounding ) newton ( commonization) expresident(prefixation ) book (v) (conversion ) ID(acronymy ) brunch (blending ) enthuse (backformation )deadline (compounding ) tick-tuck (duplication )quake(clipping )kodak (commonization) exwife(prefixation ) elbow(v) (conversion ) laser(acronymy ) autocide (blending ) laze (backformation ) historic (suffixation ) bow-wow (duplication ) bike(clipping ) airline ( compounding) changeable (affixation/suffixation) postwar (prefixation ) NATO (acronymy ) bike(clipping ) smog (blending ) donate (backformation ) ampere (proper words ) antinuclear (prefixation ) daydreaming(compounding ) lase(back-formation )copter(clipping/front clipping) newly-weds(conversion ) cutthroat(compounding ) memorize(affixation/suffixation) botel(blendin ) tantalize(proper names )VIP(acronymy ) quake(clipping ) defeather(affixation/prefixation)三、填空答案1 meaning; conventional2. affixation; compounding; conversion3.root 4.prefixes; suffixes 5.synonym; relative 6. superordinate; subordinate7. context; linguistic; extra-linguistic/non-linguistic 8. minimal/smallest; meaning; syntactic9. Latin; Scandinavian10. stem11. verbs; adjectives12. stylistic13. semantic; related14. elevation/ amelioration; transfer/transference15. morphological16. concept17 intrinsic/logical meaning arbitrary18. Latin Greek Scandinavian19. morpheme prefixes20. suffixesunmarked21. markedextension/generalization22. Anglo-saxon 23、affixation compoundingconversion (注：位置可以调换)24LatinGreekFrench (注：位置可以调换)25.derivationaffixes 26. superordinatesubordinate 27. stable/fixedfunctionalhigher28. intrinsic/logical meaningarbitrary 29. affix30. extension/generalization 31. antonymscontrary 32. elevationnarrowing/specialization 33. connotativeIII.Fill in the blanks according to the coursebook and write your answers on the corresponding lines. （每空1分）1.The connection between sound and is arbitrary and .2.The three major means of word-formation are , and .3.The form which remains after all affixes are removed is called .4. generally do not change part of speech whereas do.5.The words