译林版初中英语介词用法及中考考点分析(共2页).doc
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译林版初中英语介词用法及中考考点分析(共2页).doc
精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上译林版初中英语介词用法及中考考点分析 介词的搭配能力很强,它可以与名词或代词一起构成介词短语,该名词或代词称为介词宾语。介词短语在句中可作状语、定语、补语、表语等。例如:We have lunch at school every day. (作状语) The girl in the hat is Kate. (作定语) The students keep their hands behind their backs. (作宾补) We are in the classroom now. (作表语)注意下列一些常用介词的用法或区别:1in,on,at表示时间的用法。 in + 年、季、月、年月。 on + 月日、日、日(上、下、晚上等)。 at + 时、时分。例如: in 2002, in summer, in July, on Sunday afternoon,on a cold morning in June , on February 12,2001,on Children's Day at twelve oclock, at half past 2 pm注意:in the morning(afternoon, evening), at noon, at night等为固定用法。2in和after区别。 两者都可指“在-之后”。after常放在表示时间的“某时”或“某刻”的前面;in常放在一段时间的前面,以现在为起点,表示在“将来一段时间”之后,常用于将来时态中。例如:The Greens are going to England in three hours. (从现在开始三个小时之后) The Greens are going to England after three oclock today. (三点钟以后)3besides、except和but . besides意思是“除之外(还有-)”。 例如:They all went there besides Tom除了汤姆去了以外,他们也都去了。 Besides English we also learn Chinese, French and Japanese.except意思是“除之外(在整体中除去一部分)”。例如:We all went the Great Wall except Tom除了汤姆,我们都去了长城。(汤姆没去) The students go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday.but意思是“除之外(在整体中除去一部分)”,它与except的区别是:but常放在不定代词之后;而except没不是。例如:I have nothing but a million pound note.4by,with,in“通过”,“用”表示用“方法、手段”使用by。例如:We go to school by bike every day。 I live by teaching. 我依靠教书为生。表示“用工具”的用with。例如:We write with pens (or pencils)。 He cut the apple in half with a knife.表示“用语言” 用in。例如:He can write a letter in English now.5among和between among(通常用于三个或三个以上)的中间,among后的名词或代词必须是复数,between用于(二者之间),且“两者”常用and连接。 例如:There is a village among the hills Tom is the tallest among these students. Kate sits between Lucy and Lily. Switzerland lies between France,Italy,Austria and Germany6across和through across和through都有“穿过”的意思。across指从某一物体表面“越过、跨过”(相当于on);through指从物体中间或内部穿过(相当于in)。例如:I walked across the square to the museum We walked through the forest (the door) 7on,above,over on“在(表面)上”,指某事物的平面与该事物有直接接触。 例如:There are five books on the desk There is a map of China on the wall. over指在某事物的垂直上方。 例如:There is a bridge over the river. above 指“在上方”,指一个事物的高度高于另一个事物。 例如:The plane is flying above the clouds8under,below under与over相反,表示指“在-(垂直)下方”。 below与above相反,指“在下面”,指某物位置低于另一物。 例如:Our boat went under the bridge There is a small town below the hill.注意:below也可指“(温度)低于-” 例如:The temperature will fall below zero in the night again.典型例句解析1I've got the key _ the lock Aof Bto Con Dby Key:B 解析 表示无生命东西的名词的所有关系一般用of构成短语,如:the door of the room。但题 中的to表示key与lock的一一对应关系。再如:the answer to the question。2They're working _ the farm Aon Bin Cat Dover Key:A解析“在农场”应说on a farm,不说in a farm。3There is a hole _ the wall Aon Bat Cin Dof Key:C解析“在墙上”常说on the wall,但说“墙上有洞”时,应说in the wall。因为洞深入墙“内部”。4The man was killed _a stone Aby Bin Cwith Don Key:C解析被动语态中的“被”“由”常由by表示,例如:The work was finished by Mr. Green但表示器具时,应用with。因为器具不能发出动作。专心-专注-专业