Unit8-How-do-you-make-a-banana-milk-shake知识点、语法点(共4页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake?一、短语归纳：milk shake奶昔 turn on接通（电流、煤气、水等）；打开(反turn off关闭) pourinto把倒入 turn down 关小，调低（把收音机，电视，灯等）a cup of yogurt一杯酸奶 a good idea好主意 on Saturday在星期六 cut up切碎putinto把放入 one more thing还有一件事 a piece of一片/张/段/首at this time在这时 a few一些；几个 fill with用把装满coverwith用覆盖 one by one一个接一个；逐个；依次 a long time很长时间add.to/into增加，补充 mix.up把.混合在一起how many+可数名词复数 多少 how much+不可数名词 多少Its time (for sb.)+to do sth. 到（某人）做某事的时间了FirstNextThenFinally 首先接下来然后.最后want + to do sth.想要做某事 forget+to do sth.忘记去做某事 how + to do sth.如何做某事need+to do sth.需要做某事 make+宾语+形容词 使怎样 let sb. +do sth.让某人做某事二、语法归纳：make 作“制作”讲时，后面可以接双宾语。即：make+间接宾语+直接宾语/make+直接宾语+for+间接宾语eg：Mother made Jim a big cake on his birthday. Mother made a big cake for Jim on his birthday.（一）双宾语能用双宾语的词很多，除了用介词for还可以用to。for表示动作为谁而做，to表示动作对谁做能用介词to的动词有：give , send, show, bring, pass, lend, hand, turn能用介词for的动词有：make, buy, do, play, sing, pay（二）可数名词与不可数名词一、可数名词与不可数名词的区别普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的，这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词分为个体名词（表示某类人或事物中的个体，如worker, farmer, desk, factory等）和集体名词（表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物，如people,family 等）。如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的，这类名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词分为物质名词（表示无法分为个体的物质，如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等）和抽象名词（表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念，如work, homework, time, health, friendship等）。二、关于可数名词可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式；指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下：1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 。如：book books room roomshouse houses day days2. 以s,ss, ch,sh, x 结尾的名词，在词尾加-es 。如：bus buses glass glasseswatch watchesdish dishes box boxes3. 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加-es。如：city cities body bodiesfactory factories等等。4. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词，要将f或fe改为v再加-es。如：half halves leaf leavesknife knives wife wives5. 特例 悄悄话：特例常常考，要记住。 child children man men woman womenpoliceman policemen（规律：man men） tomato tomatoespotato potatoes悄悄话： 初中英语以o 结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es，其余的当然加-s喽！如：photo photos foot feet tooth teeth悄悄话： oo变成ee。 sheep, Chinese, Japanese单、复数同形悄悄话：变复数时词形不变。 people单数形式表示复数意义，要求谓语动词用复数；people的复数形式peoples通常指“多个民族”。三、关于不可数名词1. 不可数名词没有复数，当它作句子的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。如：The food is very fresh.食品很新鲜。2. 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词，有复数形式，但他们的意义往往发生变化。如：water （水） waters （水域）orange （橘汁） oranges （橘子）3. 很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数，表示种类时就可数，但意义大多不发生变化。如：fruit fruits food foodsfish fishes hair hairs四、名词可数不可数“六注意”1、可数名词是可以用来计数的名词。可数名词有单数和复数形式。如：desk-desks, apple-apples等。不可数名词是不可以直接用来计数的名词。不可数名词没有复数形式，只有单数形式。如：some bread， a little milk等。2、单数可数名词表示泛指时，前面要用不定冠词a（an），表示特指时，前面要用定冠词the; 而不可数名词前不能用a（an）修饰，表示特指时，前面一定要用定冠词the。如：He is a factory worker. 他是一名工人。No one can see air. 没有人能看见空气。3、可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of 等来修饰，表示"一些，许多"。如：There are some oranges on the desk. 桌子上有一些桔子。There is a lot of water in the bottle. 瓶里有许多水。4、可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量。如：two apples, four books等。不可数名词前通常用"单位词+of"来表示数量。如： a piece of paper, three pieces of paper等。5、可数名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与主语的单复数保持一致。如：This picture is very beautiful. 这幅画很美。不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式，但是不可数名词前有复数"单位词"时，谓语动词要用复数形式。如：There are two cups of tea on the table. 桌上有两杯茶。6、对可数名词前的修饰语提问用how many; 对不可数名词前的修饰语提问用how much。 如：How many apples are there in the box?盒子里有多少个苹果？How much tea is there in the cup?杯里有多少茶水？注意：对不可数名词前的"单位词"的修饰语提问时，疑问词用how many。 如：How many pieces of bread are there on the plate?盘子里有多少片面包？   （三）祈使句用法祈使句指的是表示命令、请求、建议或劝告的句子。其主语you常省略，谓语动词用原形，句末用感叹号或句号，读降调。1. 肯定的祈使句（1）动词原形+其他 Stand up, please. = Please stand up. 请起立。（2）Be + adj. Be careful! = Look out! = Take care! 小心 / 当心！（3）Let's + 动词原形 Lets go to school together. 咱们一起上学去吧。2. 否定的祈使句(1) Don't + 动词原形 Don't stand up. 别站起来。 Don't be careless. 别粗心。 Don't let them play with fire. 别让他们玩火。（2）Let's ( let sb ) + not + 动词原形 Let's not say anything about it. 对于这件事，咱们什么也别说。 Let them not play with fire. 别让他们玩火。3.祈使句的反意疑问句(1) 肯定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分用will you 或won't you。 Please open the door, will/ wont you? 请把门打开，好吗？(2) 否定祈使句的反意疑问句反问部分只用will you。 Don't be late again, will you? 别再迟到了，行不行？(3) 以let's开头的祈使句反意疑问句反问部分用shall we。 Let's turn on the TV, shall we? 我们把电视打开，好吗？<特别注意> 只有以let's开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分才用shall we，而let us 开头的祈使句的反意疑问句的反问部分应为will you或won't you.如：Let us stay here, will/ won't you? 请（你）让我们留在这好吗？ （四）语法练习可数名词与不可数名词-用所给名词的适当形式填空。1. How many_(sheep) are there on the hill?2. There is some_(food) in the basket.3. The baby has only two_(tooth) now.4. There is a lot of_(water) in the bottle.5. There are five_(people ) in his family.6. Let's take_(photo), OK? 7. I have lots of_(tomato) here.8. The_(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.9. The_(child) are playing gameson the playground now.10. Their_(dictionary) look new.11. I see you have a few white_(hair).12. They are_(woman) doctors.13. Can you give me some bottles of _ (orange), please?14. There are many_(fox) in the picture.15. I would like some apple_(juice). I am very thirsty.参考答案：1. sheep 2. food 3. teeth 4. water 5. people 6. photos 7. tomatoes 8. leaves 9. children 10. dictionaries 11. hair, hairs 12. women 13. orange 14. foxes 15. juice祈使句语法练兵场单项选择1. The TV is too loud. Please_. A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it2. _ late again, Bill! A. Don't to be B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not3. _ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green. A. Not B. Won't C. Doesn't D. Don't4. Please help me carry it, _? A. will I B. will you C. shall I D. shall we5. Don't make so much noise, _? A. will you B. won't you C. shall we D. do you6. Do you know the girl _under the tree? A. stand B. to stand C. standing D. stood7. Kate, _ your homework here tomorrow. A. bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing8. _ me the truth, or I'll be angry. A. Telling B. To tell C. Told D. Tell9. I've kept the dog _Maomao for a long time. A. Name B. named C. naming D. to name10. Don't you know that _ is good for our health? A. swim B. swimming C. swam D. swims 句型转换11. Will you please read it again more slowly? （改为祈使句） _ read _ _ it _ again more slowly, please.12. If you don't listen to me, I'll go. （改为同义句） _ _ me, or Ill go.13. Let's watch the sports games. （改为反意疑问句） Let's watch the sports games, _ _?14. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. （改为祈使句）_ _careless, please.15. Please sit next to Nancy. （改为否定句）_ _ next to Nancy.16. Don't forget to turn off the lights, please. （改为反意疑问句）Don't forget to turn off the lights, _ _?17. If you move, you'll die. （改为同义句）_ _, or you'll die.18. Come to my house tomorrow. （改为反意疑问句）Come to my house tomorrow, _ _?19. 这是一个坏了的被子。 （翻译句子）This is a _ _.20. 让我们去帮帮那个哭泣的女孩吧。 （翻译句子）Lets go and help the _ _, please.  参考答案 语法练兵场   1-5. ABDBA 6-10. CADBB11. Read it 12. Listen to 13. shall we 14. Dont be 15. Dont sit16. will you 17. Dont move 18. will / wont you 19. broken glass / cup 20. crying girl专心-专注-专业