2020年北京市朝阳区高三一模英语(共17页).docx

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上2020北京朝阳高三一模英语 2020.5（考试时间 100 分钟满分 120 分) 本试卷共11页。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AWith our graduation day around the corner, I was busy preparing presents for my friends. As usual, I walked into the classroom, only 1 (find) a big box standing there. Approaching, I saw my name 2 (write) on it. I was quite shocked when the box 3 (open) and I saw “myself”, a vivid statue, sitting inside smiling up at me. I was at a complete loss for words. It was the most unique, unconventional present in my life.BAnalysis finds Earths magnetic(有磁性的) field was in place by at least 3.7 billion years ago, as early life arose.Scientists think that having a magnetic field 4 (make) Earth more friendly to life. The field, 5 is generated by liquid iron moving about in the planets core, protects Earth 6energetic particles(粒子) flowing from the Sun. It helps the planet hold on to its atmosphere and maintain liquid water on its surface.CDo you have a mentor(导师) helping you make decisions in your life? If you do, then you are a very lucky person. 7 if not, then read the book Tuesdays with Morrie.It tells the true story of the author, Mitch Albom, and his dying former professor, Morrie Schwartz. 8 you read this book, you will learn some very meaningful lessons from a professor dying from Lou Gehrigs disease. When Mitch visits Morrie every Tuesday, the 78-year-old professor shares words of 9 (wise) about love, life, communication, values, and openness with his former student. As a beautiful tale 10 (deliver) many powerful lessons about life, this book should be high on everyones reading list.第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Giddas TeamThe door closed behind Malik, making Mama look up from the hot meal. “Just in time for dinner. Will you 11 Gidda, please?”Gidda was staying in Maliks bedroom. He didnt 12 giving up his room for his 82-year-old grandmother at first. But then she didnt leave. Malik 13 over her suitcase on the floor. “Sorry,” Gidda said. “Im just a nuisance(讨厌的人) here. Im 14 .” Malik didnt answer as he helped her up from her chair.At dinner, Mama asked Malik, “Hows your15with the coach?”Malik was captain of school soccer team, and he had to discuss a fundraiser with the coach. Theyd have to raise hundreds of dollars to 16 their old shirts, and that seemed unlikely unless Malik came up with a(n) 17 plan.Unwillingly, Malik said, “Its just team stuff.” Changing the 18 , Malik turned to Gidda. “Do you want to go sit outside after dinner?”Gidda agreed. In the soft warmth of the evening, Gidda settled herself beneath the enormous fig(无花果) tree. “Feels like home,” she said. But Malik 19 , “It drops figs everywhere.” Right then, a fig landed on his head. Gidda laughed, picked it up, and took a 20 . “Perfect. Pick me a bunch. Ill make fig cakes.”The next morning, Malik found Gidda making fig cakes in the kitchen. She offered him one. Malik, hoping it wasnt too awful, put it in his mouth. His eyes 21 as he chewed. It was delicious. He eyed the tree in the backyard. How many fig cakes could it 22 ?Malik grabbed his phone and started 23 in a rush of excitement. An hour later, most of the soccer team gathered in the kitchen, and ate up fig cakes.“Giddas Fabulous(极好的) Fig Cakes!” Malik said. “Well 24 them! Gidda said they were easy to make; shell 25 us how.”At dinner that night, Gidda shared their plan with Mama, smiling 26 as she repeated the title Malik gave on her, “Team Grandmother.”The next day, the kitchen was full of 27 . Walking slowly among the excited boys, Gidda taught them to make fig cakes. Soon the fig cakes piled up.As Malik28, Giddas Fabulous Fig Cakes were a huge hit and they were quickly sold out.When the new29arrived just in time for the opening game, Coach Garcia invitedGidda to watch. She arrived early, and waved at Malik. Then she turned30to show off her shirt. On the back were the words Team Grandmother.11AwatchBfetchCvisitDserve 12AallowBenjoyCconsiderDmind 13AlookedBhandedCtrippedDturned 14AuselessBunluckyCscaredDnervous 15AtrainingBappointmentCnegotiationDmeeting 16AbuyBreplaceCironDabandon 17AbrilliantBrandomCoriginalDpersonal 18AplanBattitudeCsubjectDway 19ArepeatedBreportedCexplainedDcomplained 20ApictureBtestCbiteDbreak 21AwidenedBmovedCfocusedDopened 22AproduceBdonateCdeliverDexchange 23ArunningBtextingCshoutingDthinking 24ApresentBsendCsellDreserve 25AprepareBshowCchooseDwrite 26AproudlyBpolitelyCshylyDbitterly 27AtensionBhopeCpraiseDenergy 28ApromisedBpredictedCannouncedDidentified 29AsocksBbootsCuniformsDgloves 30AbackBawayCdownDaround第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑。AMusic for Life Learning music is important for the educational and personal development of young people!Learning an instrument: how do pupils choose?All our teachers are highly qualified and experienced musicians,and pupils can learn to play a wide range of instruments, from the keyboard to the drums(鼓). We have open days when new pupils who are unsure which instrument to choose can come to the centre. They are able to speak to teachers about which instrument might be best for them, and they can also see and hear classes in action.Who is responsible for buying the instruments?Parents usually have to provide instruments. But parents of beginners are advised not to buy an instrument until they are told that a place is available. They should also find out from the teacher the most suitable type of instrument to get.When and where do lessons take place?Lessons are available in many schools, usually during the day. If there is no lesson available for a particular instrument in a particular school, other arrangements can be made at one of our music centres for lessons on Saturday afternoons or weekday evenings.How are pupils taught?Pupils can learn in small groups, in classes or individually, depending on their needs. Small groups of three pupils have lessons that last thirty minutes. Class lessons last forty-five minutes and have at least ten pupils. Individual lessons are offered only to pupils who have some experience.Starting young: when can pupils begin?Children are never too young to become interested in music. We have special “Musical Youth” classes for children from the age of 3 to 8. These are designed to encourage young children to enjoy music through a variety of activities including singing, musical games, listening and movement. “Musical Youth” classes take place on Saturday mornings with groups of about 18 children. A parent or other adult must attend each session, and they are encouraged to sit with their children and help them with the activities.31. What can we learn from the passage?A. New pupils can see classes on an open day.B. Pupils can learn special instruments on Sundays.C. Parents must accompany pupils during the learning process.D. Teachers at the centre can provide the right instruments for pupils.32. What is the best choice for children with some experience?A. Lessons for groups of ten.B. Individual lessons.C. Lessons for small groups of three.D. Special “Musical Youth” classes.33. The passage is intended for _.A. teachersB. parentsC. musiciansD. pupilsBNenad Sestan was working in his office one afternoon in 2016, when he heard his lab members whispering with excitement over a microscope. He realized something beyond their expectations was happening.The researchers, at Yale School of Medicine in New Haven, Connecticut, had found electrical activity in brains taken from dead pigs. With that shocking result, Sestan realized what had started as a side project to find ways to better preserve brain tissue for research had changed into a discovery that could redefine our understanding of life and death.The excitement soon turned to concern, when the researchers thought they saw widespread, consistent electrical activity which can indicate consciousness( 意识 ). Sestan brought in a neurologist, who determined the readout was actually an error, but the possibility had frightened them.Sestan kept his cool and immediately did two things: he shut down the experiment and contacted the US National Institutes of Health (NIH), as well as a Yale bioethicist(生物伦理学家). Over the next few months, experts discussed the potential ethical implications, such as whether the brains could become conscious and whether physicians needed to reconsider the definition of brain death.They submitted the work to Nature. But before the final paper was published, Sestan met sharp criticism from the press. Some even suggested that the researchers were engineering immortality(永生), or maintaining a room full of living brains in jars. Neither he nor his team wanted to discuss the results until the paper was out, but as their inboxes filled with concerns and anger from animal rights activists and futurists, Sestan became depressed. He felt all they could do, however, was to hold off on correcting public misunderstandings until the expert review process had run its course.Since the paper was published in April, 2019, the team has been so busy fielding questions from the media and scientists that it hasnt performed any further experiments. Sestan wants to focus on his original questions and explore how long the brains can be maintained and whether the technology can preserve other organs.“We want to get outside opinion before we do anything,” Sestan says. “When you explore uncharted territory, you have to be extremely thoughtful.”34. What happened in the lab at Yale School of Medicine in 2016?A. A better method was found to maintain brain tissue.B. Researchers discovered how to redefine brain death.C. Brains from dead pigs were accidentally discovered alive.D. Researchers arrived at the expected results of the experiment.35. Why did Nenad Sestan stop the experiment?A. He needed assistance with the final paper.B. He spotted a major mistake in the final result.C. He was frightened by the possibility of failure.D. He was concerned about the related moral issues.36. What was peoples reaction towards Nenad Sestans experiment?A. The press were strongly opposed to the experiment.B. Some people supported the research on immortality.C. Nobody wanted to discuss the final result in advance.D. The public took a positive attitude towards the experiment.37.How could we best describe Nenad Sestan?A. Responsible and reliable.B. Cooperative and creative.C. Determined and inspiring.D. Professional and cautious.CA butterflys wings can have many jobs besides keeping the insect high up in the air. They may be used to attract mates, or to warn potential attackers to stay away. All of these roles, though, depend on their unchanging colouration. This plays into the idea that butterfly wings are dead tissue, like a birds feathers. In fact, thats not true. For example, in some species males wings have special cells releasing some chemicals which attract females.Nanfang Yu, a physicist at Columbia University, in New York, has been looking into the matter. Together with Naomi Pierce, a butterfly specialist at Harvard University, he has now shown, in a paper published in Nature Communications in February, 2020, that butterfly wings are, indeed, very much alive.In their experiments, the two researchers used a laser(激光) to heat up spots on the wings of dozens of butterfly species. When the temperature of the area under the laser reached 40°C or so, the insects responded within seconds by doing things that stopped their wings heating up further. These actions included a butterfly turning around to minimize its profile to the laser, moving its wings up and down or simply walking away.Butterflies engaged in all of these heat-minimising activities even when the researchers blindfolded them. That suggested the relevant sensors were on the wings themselves. Dr Yu and Dr Pierce therefore searched those wings for likely looking sensory cells. They found some, in the form of neurons(神经元) that were similar to heat detectors known from other insects. They also uncovered disc-shaped cells that appeared to be similar to pressure-sensitive neurons. They guess that these are there to detect deformation of the winginformation an insect could use to control its flight pattern.The third discovery they made to contradict the “dead wing” idea was that some butterfly wings have a heartbeat. A butterflys wings have veins(静脉). These carry a bloodlike liquid which, researchers have now found in males, shows a pulse(脉搏) of several dozen beats per minute. The source of this pulse appears to be the scent(气味) pad, a dark spot on the wings that produces the female-attracting chemicals. Apparently, this “wing heart” acts as a pump that helps bloodlikeliquid through the scent pad.In all their experiments simulating different environmental conditions, Dr Yu and Dr Pierce consistently found that, different parts of the wing are covered by different sorts of scales(鳞屑). In particular, tubes pass through scales over the scent pads. This improves their ability to spread heat away and helps keep the living parts of a butterflys wings alive.38. A birds feathers are mentioned in Paragraph 1 to.A. introduce the latest research findings on a birdB. highlight the special feature of a birds feathersC. show common knowledge about butterfly wingsD. stress the difference between a butterfly and a bird39. What can we learn from Dr Yu and Dr Pierces experiments?A. Butterfly wings are complicated living organs.B. Butterfly wings have little reaction to external heat.C. The scent pads on some male butterfly wings are their hearts.D. Heat-minimising activities help detect deformation of the wings.40. What is the function of scales over the scent pads?A. Attracting mates.B. Increasing blood flow.C. Covering powerful tubes.D. Producing the cooling effect.41. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. Seeing Is BelievingB. More Than Meets The EyeC. Nothing Seek, Nothing FindD. Fine Feathers Make Fine BirdsDFact or Fiction?Non-fiction can be broken down into many categories. One category is literary non-fiction, which is still based in fact but e