高三英语阅读理解题20套(共17页).doc
精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上（英语）高三英语阅读理解题20套(带答案)及解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解 Emoji might not be your first choice of communication in a disaster, but researchers feel they could make a difference during emergencies, where every second counts. Now, the Emoji-quake campaign is lobbying for an earthquake emoji to be added to the Unicode set the standard group of icons available on digital devices worldwide. The campaign aims to find an earthquake-appropriate design to be submitted to Unicode. "Approximately up to one third of the world's population are exposed to earthquakes," explains University of Southampton seismologist (地震学家) Dr. Stephen Hicks, a founder of the campaign. "So we really want to be able to communicate to all of those regions, all of those different languages, and an emoji is an amazing way of doing that." Unlike many other weather and climate related events, where longer warning times or visible signs are available, earthquakes move incredibly quickly and are difficult to measure while they are still occurring. Populations in areas like Japan and Mexico are dependent on earthquake early warning technology, which issues an alert on digital devices and broadcast media. "You may have seconds to get under a table or to protect yourself," explains Dr. Hicks. "That can be life saving in many cases. Naturally you don't want too much wording in the warning message." Pictographs (象形文字) and other visuals like emoji have a track record of being faster and easier to understand than written information. Dr. Sara McBride, a communications specialist, who is also part of the campaign, told BBC News, "Emoji can cross the boundaries of written languages, helping communicate valuable information to people who may struggle to read a certain language." The potential usefulness of emoji in emergencies could extend well beyond earthquakes. A team of designers also came up with emerjian entire set of emoji dedicated to climate and environmental events.（1）According to the passage, why did the campaign choose earthquakes as their target? A. Because earthquakes threaten many people in different regions. B. Because earthquakes are the easiest to be expressed by an emoji.C. Because earthquakes are not difficult to measure while occurring. D. Because earthquakes are the most destructive disasters in the world.（2）Which of the following can replace the underlined phrase "lobby for" in the first paragraph？ A. Hope for. B. Enter for. C. Appeal for. D. Run for.（3）What can we infer from Dr. Sara McBride's words about emoji? A. Emoji benefits people with reading disability a lot. B. Emoji is being used to convey valuable information.C. Emoji can cross the boundaries of written languages. D. Emoji is a universal language and helpful tool in communication.（4）The best title of the passage should be _. A. Could an emoji save our life? B. What can emoji do in our life?C. How is emoji changing our life? D. Do we really know about emoji?【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）D（4）A 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一场以添加地震表情符号为目标的运动。该运动的创始人对此做出解释，试图说明地震表情是一种通用的语言交流工具，有助于挽救生命。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Emoji might not be your first choice of communication in a disaster, but researchers feel they could make a difference during emergencies”以及第三段中的“earthquakes move incredibly quickly and are difficult to measure while they are still occurring”可推断出这是因为这地震来的快，让人无法反应，在许多地方威胁至许多多人的生命，故选A。（2）考查词义猜测。这次运动想以地震为目标。第二段和第三段中的地震博士Dr. Hicks对此作出解释，目的就是呼吁大家赞同这个观点。可知选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“we really want to be able to communicate to all of those regions, all of those different languages, and an emoji is an amazing way of doing that.”及第三段“That can be life saving in many cases. Naturally you don't want too much wording in the warning message.”可推断出表情符号是一种通用语言，当灾难来临时不需要多说，表情就可以交流，以此在很多情形下可以挽救生命。分析选项可知D项符合题意，因此选D。（4）考查主旨大意。第一段说表情符号可能不是你在灾难中沟通的第一选择，但研究人员认为还是会有作用的。接着下面讲述了一场以添加地震表情为目标的运动。下面的地震博士Dr. Hicks为此作了很多的解释，想让人们相信表情能挽救生命。Could an emoji save our life?“一个表情能拯救我们的生命吗？”）符合题意，故选A。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解 Osaka, JapanDefending champions China lifted the FIVB Women's Volleyball World Cup trophy(奖杯)with perfect 11 straight wins after easing past Argentina 3-0 here on Sunday. With their eleventh win at the 2019 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Cup, China won the FIVB Women's Volleyball World Cup. This year, the World Cup has been played across different cities, and Team China had training sessions even on traveling days when some participating teams chose to rest up after a tiring flight." Coach Lang focuses on details of the technique in the training sessions, and I feel our team has become more balanced." Captain Zhu Ting said. This firm approach explains how China managed to turn the table against the United States at the World Cup. Never quit, especially in adversity. That's what the spirit of Chinese women's volleyball means. When the team struggled, Zhu was always there, doing whatever was needed to carry the team forward. That's why she has become a national volleyball icon, just like "Iron Hammer" Lang. As for Lang, she took over the flag from her former coach Yuan Weimin, who was behind China's rise in the beginning. From coach Yuan to coach Lang, and spiker(主攻手) Lang to spiker Zhu, the flag bearers may have changed over time, but the craving for championships and the steely desire and determination remain the same. Volleyball is a team sport and behind the on-court team there is always a supportive coaching team and staff. Lai was one of the members, shouldering responsibilities as both vice director of China's Volleyball Management Center and as assistant coach. Apart from coordinating between coaches and players, Chinese coaches and foreign coaches and sometimes within Chinese coaches, she also has to do chores. During Rio 2016, assistant coach Yuan Lingxi headed for the arena（竞技场）at 6am every day to film the matches and would return to the Olympic Village at 2am when he would start analyzing China's opponents and file reports. There are many Lais and Yuans that are not known by the public, but who remain indispensable for the team to overcome difficulties and reach their peak.（1）What does the spirit of Chinese women's volleyball mean according to paragraph 2? A.Being a special team.B.Sticking to the end.C.Winning every game.D.Training hard every day.（2）Why does Zhu Ting become a national volleyball icon? A.She wins many awards in the World Cup.B.She keeps strong desire and determination.C.She takes lots of training after the tiring flight.D.She does almost everything to help the team forward.（3）What does the author intend to convey in the last paragraph? A.Hard work is vital in volleyball matches.B.The coach has a great influence on players.C.The staff behind the on-court team is also essential.D.Understanding opponents is necessary to win the game.【答案】 （1）B（2）D（3）C 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，卫冕冠军中国队以3:0战胜阿根廷队,以11连胜夺得了国际排联女子排球世界杯奖杯。永不放弃是中国女排精神所在。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第而段中的“Never quit, especially in adversity. That's what the spirit of Chinese women's volleyball means”可知，中国女排精神的含义是：永不放弃，尤其是在逆境中。故选B。 （2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“When the team struggled, Zhu was always there, doing whatever was needed to carry the team forward. That's why she has become a national volleyball icon”可知，队长朱婷成为排球偶像是因为当球队拼搏时，朱婷总是跟他们站在一起，并且做一切事情来带领球队前进。故选D。 （3）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Volleyball is a team sport and behind the on-court team, there is always a supportive coaching team and staff”和最后一段中的“There are many Lais and Yuans that are not known by the public, but who remain indispensable for the team to overcome difficulties and reach their peak.”可知，作者认为排球是一项团队运动。在场上球队的背后，还有支持他们的教练团队和员工。作者举出两名助理教练赖亚文、袁灵犀的例子，说明有很多像他们这样的人，是球队克服困难和达到顶峰所不可缺少的。故选C。 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解 Imagine waking up one day and finding that your beautiful local beach is no moregone, its fine white sand swept away by an abnormal storm. You go about your daily business for 12 long years and then suddenly the beach is back, all its glory restored by another storm. This is what happened on the island of Achill, off the coast of Ireland, where people are celebrating the return of the beautiful Ashleam Bay beach that was taken from them in 2005. That in itself is unusual enough, but the story gets even better! You see, another beach in Achill did a disappearing act once, but took much longer to return. The beach at Doonagh, located only six miles away from Ashleam Bay, was restored earlier in 2016 after waves created by spring storms had swept away all the sand in 1984, leaving just rock pools behind. There is local legend that stretches back hundreds of years that says this beach at Ashlcam Bay returns for a short every seven years then disappears again. But this time around it took a bit longer than that. It was last seen in 2005 and it stayed for a few months at that time before it was washed away again. As you can imagine, everyone on the island of Achill is thrilled to have their sandy beach back, and even though no one knows how long it's going to be around for, they are making the most of the time they've got before it disappears again. Some may be quick to believe climate changes cause the phenomenon, but that's not the reason these two beaches in Achill keep disappearing, Dr Kevin Lynch, a geographer at NUT Galway, says that these occurrences are the result of hydrodynamics (流体力学) and sediment(沉积物) supply, rather than climate changes. Regardless of what's causing them, disappearing and reappearing beaches are just part of what makes nature so fascinating.（1）What is people's reaction to the return of the Ashleam Bay beach? A. Full of fear. B. Quite delighted. C. Very disappointed. D. Extremely con fused.（2）What can we learn about the beach at Doonagh? A. It is not located in Ireland. B. It disappeared 12 years ago.C. It once disappeared for more than 30 years. D. It is just made up of rocks and pools.（3）According to the local legend, when should the Ashleam Bay beach have come back? A. In 1982. B. In 2012. C. In 2016. D. In 2018.（4）What does Dr Kevin Lynch think of the phenomenon? A. Some abnormal storms lead to ocean's enlargement, B. It is hard to uncover the mystery of beach's disappearing.C. Climate changes can result in beaches disappearing completely. D. Hydrodynamics and sediment supply cause two beaches to disappear.【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）B（4）D 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，爱尔兰西北部的一个海滩不易而飞，但过一段时间它又回来了。传言阿什拉姆湾的海滩每七年返回一次，然后又消失。有些人可能认为气候变化会导致这种现象，但地理学家凯文·林奇博士认为Achill这两个海滩不断消失的原因是流体力学和沉积物供应共同作用的结果。而不是气候变化的原因。(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的” off the coast of Ireland, where people are celebrating the return of the beautiful Ashleam Bay beach that was taken from them in 2005.”及第四段中的“As you can imagine, everyone on the island of Achill is thrilled to have their sandy beach back,”。可知，人们对于海滩的回归是非常兴奋的。故选B。(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“The beach at Doonagh, located only six miles away from Ashleam Bay, was restored earlier in 2016 after waves created by spring storms had swept away all the sand in 1984, leaving just rock pools behind,”可知，Doonagh海滩于1984年被春天的风暴席卷了所有的沙子只留下岩石池，在2016年初恢复了。由此可推断出Doonagh在消失了32年后又恢复了。故选C。(3)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“the beautiful Ashleam Bay beach that was taken from them in 2005.”可知，Ashleam Bay是在2005年消失的。第三段中的“There is local legend that stretches back hundreds of years that says this beach at Ashlcam Bay returns for a short every seven years then disappears again.” 当地方传说。说阿什卡姆湾的海滩每七年恢复一次，然后又消失。也就是2005+7=2012年回归，故选B。(4)考查推理判断。根据第五段中的“Dr Kevin Lynch, a geographer at NUT Galway, says that these occurrences are the result of hydrodynamics (流体力学) and sediment(沉积物) supply, rather than climate changes.”可知，这种现象是流体力学和沉积物供应共同作用的结果。故选D。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，选出正确答案。4阅读理解 Since English biologist Charles Darwin published On the Origin of Species in 1859, scientists have vastly improved their knowledge of natural history. However, a lot of information is still of the speculation, and scientists can still only make educated guesses at certain things. One subject that they guess about is why some 400 million years ago, animals in the sea developed limbs (肢) that allowed them to move onto and live on land. Recently, an idea that occurred to the US paleontologist (古生物学家) Alfred Romer a century ago became a hot topic once again. Homer thought that tidal (潮汐的) pools might have led to fish gaining limbs. Sea animals would have been forced into these pools by strong tides. Then, they would have been made either to adapt to their new environment close to land or die. The fittest among them grew to accomplish the transition (过渡) from sea to land. Romer called these earliest four-footed animals “tetrapods”. Science has always thought that this was a credible theory, but only recently has there been strong enough evidence to support it. Hannah Byrne is an oceanographer (海洋学家) at Uppsala University in Sweden. She announced at the 2018 Ocean Sciences Meeting in Oregon, US, that by using computer software, her team had managed to link Homer's theory to places where fossil deposits (沉积物) of the earliest tetrapods were found. According to the magazine Science, in 2014, Steven Balbus, a scientist at the University of Oxford in the UK, calculated that 400 million years ago, when the move from land to sea was achieved, tides were stronger than they are today. This is because the planet was 10 percent closer to the moon than it is now. The creatures stranded in the pools would have been under the pressure of “survival of the fittest”, explained Mattias Green, an ocean scientist at the UK's University of Bangor. As he told Science, “After a few days in these pools, you become food or you run out of food. the fish that had large limbs had an advantage because they could flip (翻转) themselves back in the water.” As is often the case, however, there are others who find the theory less convincing. Cambridge University's paleontologist Jennifer Clark, speaking to Nature magazine, seemed unconvinced. “It's only one of many ideas for the origin of land-based tetrapods, any or all of which may have been a part of the answer,” she said.（1）Who first proposed the theory that fish might have gained limbs because of tidal pools? A. Alfred Romer. B. Charles Darwin. C. Hannah Byrne. D. Stev
