中考英语常考知识点汇总(共12页).docx

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上中考英语常考知识点汇总              1.stop to do sth. 和stop doing sth.“stop to do sth。” 表示停止做其它事情而去做“to do sth。”所表示的事情，可以将“to do sth。”理解成“stop”的目的状语;“stop doing sth。”表示不做“doing sth。”所表示的事情。例如： “Stop talking. Lets begin our class。” said the teacher. 老师说：“别说话了，让我们开始上课。”We have kept doing our homework for a long time. Lets stop to listen to music. 我们做家庭作业很长时间了，让我们停下来听听音乐。2.forget to do sth。和forget doing sth. (remember to do sth. 和remember doing sth。)“forget to do sth。”表示将来不要忘记做某事，谈的是未来的事情;“forget doing sth。”表示忘记过去应该做的事情。例如： “Dont forget to do your homework。” said the teacher before the class was over.老师在下课前说：“不要忘记做家庭作业。”“Im sorry. I forgot doing my homework. May I hand it in this afternoon, Mr. Chen?” said Li Ming.李明说：“对不起，我忘记做家庭作业了。我今天下午交好吗，陈老师?”3.have sth. done。(过去分词)(让别人)做某事例如：I had my hair cut yesterday afternoon. 我昨天下午理了发。My computer can not work now. I must have it repaired. 我的电脑有故障了，我必须让人修好它。4. 感官动词后接不带to的不定式或者现在分词的区别例如：see sb. do sth。看见某人(经常)做某事 和see sb. doing sth。看见某人(正在)做某事I often see him do exercise in the morning. 我经常在早晨看见他锻炼身体。When I was walking in the park, I saw him drawing a picture there. 当我在公园散步的时候，我看见他正在那里画画。5. 在主动语态中，感官动词(see, hear, feel, watch等)和使役动词(make, have, let等)要求接不带to的不定式做宾语补足语，而在被动语态里，不定式要带上to。例如：The boss often made the workers work 10 hours a day.The workers were made to work 10 hours a day.She was heard to use strong language. 听说她骂人了。6.常用的几个和不定式有关的句型：Why not do sth? 为什么不做某事?It takes/took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花了某人多长时间。It is/was +形容词+(for sb。) +to do sth. 做某事(对某人来说)怎么样。7. 介词后面一般接动名词。同学们要特别注意介词to和不定式符号to的区别，例如下面的词组一定要记清：prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 喜欢做不喜欢做look forward to doing sth. 期待/盼望做某事make a contribution to doing sth. 为做出贡献8. 现在分词和过去分词做定语的区别A. 现在分词含有正在进行的意思，而过去分词含有被动或者已经完成的意思，如：a developing country 发展中国家 a developed country 发达国家boiling water 正在沸腾的水(一般情况下水温为100) boiled water 开水(已经烧开的水，水温可以依然很高，也可以是凉白开)a boy named Jim 一个叫Jim的男孩B. 有些动词的现在分词和过去分词都具有形容词特征，但是它们的意思有区别。它们的-ing形式往往用来说明事物的特征;他们的-ed形式表示被动的意思，用来说明人的情况。I am interested in this interesting story. 我对这个有趣的故事感兴趣。I am moved at the moving sight. 我被这动人的情景感动了。They were amazed at the amazing facts. 他们对那些令人惊异的事实感到惊奇。下面是一些常见的固定表达，请同学们牢记：和to do 连用的固定搭配ask sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事be pleased /be glad to do sth。很高兴做某事can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事can't afford to do sth. 不能担负起干某事decide to do sth. 决定做某事do/try one's best to do sth。尽全力做某事do nothing to do sth. 对无能为力deserve to do sth. 值得干某事形容词/副词+enough to do sth. 足以做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事find + it + 形容词 +to do sth. 发现做某事get ready to do sth. 准备做某事go on to do sth. 继续做某事hope to do sth. 希望做某事improve sth. to do sth. 改善/提高某物来干某事invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人干某事It's better to do sth. 干某事比较好It's time to do sth. 到该做某事的时间了。like to do sth. 喜欢做某事like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事love to do sth. 爱做某事learn to do sth. 学会做某事make one's mind to do sth. 下决心做某事make a list of five ways to do sth. 列出干某事的五种方式的清单need to do sth. 需要做某事plan to do sth. 计划干某事prefer to do sth.+ rather than do sth. 喜欢不喜欢refuse to do sth. 拒绝干某事remember to do 记得要去做某事The best time to do sth. is 干某事的最佳时间是stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事start/begin to do sth. 开始做某事seem to do sth. 似乎要做某事set one's mind to do sth. 一心要做某事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事tooto do sth. 太以致于不能try to do sth. 努力/试着去做think it nessary for sb. to do sth. 认为某人有必要干某事There's no time to do sth. 没时间做某事teach sb. (how) to do sth. 教某人干某事used to do sth. 过去常常干某事 wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事would love to do sth. 很愿意做某事would like (sb。) to do sth. 想让某人做某事want to do sth. 想做某事和doing 连用的固定搭配watch sb. doing sth. 观看某人正在做stop doing sth. 停止做某事remember doing sth. 记得已做过某事try doing sth. 努力/试着去做like doing sth. 喜欢做某事forget doing sth. 忘记已做过某事go on doing sth. 继续做某事be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事be worth doing sth. 某事值得一做carry on doing sth. 继续做某事couldn't help doing sth. 忍不住做某事enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 feel sb. doing sth. 感觉某人正在做某事finish doing sth. 完成某事feel like doing sth. 想做某事go hiking 远足give up doing sth. 放弃做某事have fun doing sth. 感到做某事很有乐趣have problems doing sth. 做某事遇到了很多问题hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做某事hate doing sth. 不喜欢做某事It is +形容词 +doing sth. 做某事keep on doing sth. /keep doing sth. 持续做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事make it possible by doing sth. 使做某事成为可能prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人干某事practise doing sth. 练习做某事prefer doing sth. to doing sth. 宁愿做 也不做 喜欢做不喜欢做stop sb.from doing sth. 阻止某人干某事see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在干某事There be sb./sth. doing sth. 某地有某人或某物正在做某事Thank sb. for doing sth. 谢谢某人做了某事take an active part in doing sth. 积极参加做某事use sth. for doing sth. 用某物做某事 (be used to do sth。)What about doing sth.? 做某事怎么样?without doing sth. 没有干某事work all night doing sth. 工作整晚做某事初中英语“动介短语”和“动副短语”小结 英语中存在着大量由两个词构成的动词短语。让许多同学感到困惑的是,为什么有的是动副短语,有的却是动介短语?区分它们到底有什么规律可循?下面就如何区分动介短语和动副短语,以及在使用上有哪些要求做一总结。一，从构成短语的动词的角度来考虑。实意动词分为及物动词和不及物动词,其中不及物动词是不可以直接跟宾语的,如果必须跟宾语时,就需要在这个动词后加一介词,构成动介短语,此时,该短语相当于一个及物动词,后面必须加宾语(由名词、代词或动名词充当),且该宾语不能放在动介短语的中间。例如,May I come into this room?我可以进到这间屋子里来吗?come into是动介短语,宾语this room不能省略。Look at my eyes,tell me who you are waiting for?看着我的眼睛,告诉我你在等着谁?初中阶段的动介短语有:1.agree on同意2.agree with sb.同意某人的观点3.agree with sb./to同意某人的观点4.believe in相信有;信奉5.belong to属于6.fall off跌落7.feed on以为食8.get to=reach到达9.go by走过10.go on继续11.hear of听说12.hear from接到某人的来信、电话等13.hold up举起14.look up查找15.look for寻找16.look after照看17.look like看上去像18.laugh at嘲笑 19.talk to对说20.talk with和交谈21.think of想起22.think about二，中的动词有的是及物动词,因此,后接宾语时不需要加介词,加上副词后,该副词可以进一步说明动作的结果,从而,使得句意表达得更加准确。这些必须接宾语,但对其位置有一定的限制,如果宾语是名词,既可以放在短语的中间,又可以放在短语的后面;如果宾语是代词,就只能放在两词的中间了。例如，You'd better pick the students up before7:00.你最好在7点前把这些学生接上车。Can you pick me up at 7:00?你能在7点时接我吗?人称代词me做宾语要放在pick和up中间。如果动副短语中的动词是不及物动词时,则该短语不可以加宾语。例如,May I come in?我可以进来吗?come是不及物动词,所以,come in后无宾语。初中阶段的主要有:1.bring out取出2.cut down砍倒3.clean up清扫,收拾干净4.climb down/up爬下/上e back/go back回来/回去e round(走)过来e out(花)开,出来e over顺便来访9.eat up吃光10.fall asleep睡着11.fall behind落后12.fall down跌倒13.give back退还14.get back取回15.go out外出16.grow up长大17.hurry up赶紧18.knock down击倒19.look out小心20.look around环顾,到处看21.look up查找22.open up开设,开放,开业23.pass on往前传递24.put(sth.)down把放下来25.put away收拾好26.put on穿上27.put up举起28.run away跑开了29.rush out冲出去30.run away逃跑,逃走31.slow down减缓,减速32.set off出发,动身33.turn on/off打开/关上34.turn up/down调大/调小35.take out取出36.think over考虑37.take off脱下,把拿掉38.take away拿走39.work out算出40.write down记下41.wash away冲走42.wake up唤醒 中考英语必会句型1、as soon as  一就He called me up as soon as he came back to .Please call me as soon as you finish your homework.2、not as/so as 和一样；不如I think English is as important as mathsFor me, basketball is as interesting as football.3、asas possible 尽可能的Kids in the West usually get ready for as many gifts as possible.We should speak English as much as we can in class.4、be afraid of doing sth./that 害怕做某事、害怕担心 are always afraid of the dark.I used to be afraid of the dark. However, I am not now.5、be busy doing 忙于做某事Mom is always busy cooking when I get home.People in Beijing are busy getting ready for the Olympic Games.6、be famous /late/ready/sorry for 以著名He hurried to school yesterday, but he was late for class.Look!The students are getting ready for the sports meeting.7、bothand   两者都Students like both palying basketball and playing soccer.It's a good way to make both teachers and students happy.8、buy/give/show/send/pass/bring/lend/tell sb. sth. 为某人买某物If I were you, I'd give the money to charity.Yesterday Mary's mother bought her a new bike.9、give/show/bring/lend/send/pass/tell sth to sb. 把给某人Please give this book to him.When you get to your home, please send this letter to your pen pal.10、eitheror 要么要么We can't allow him to stay at home, or he will either watch TV or play games.We're going to the park this Saturday, either by bus or by bike.11、enjoy/hate/finish/mind/keep/go on doing 喜欢做某事I kept him reading the text so that he could recite it quickly.Would you please keep holding the picture for me?12、get+比较级 变得越来越The weather is getting warmer and warmer.How do you feel now? Unfortuately, it's getting worse.14、get on with 与相处It's hard to get on with a bad-tempered person.15、get ready for/ get sth. ready 为作准备Look! The students are getting ready for the sports meeting.The next station is Dongdan. Please get ready for your arrival.16、had better (not) do  最好做、不做You'd better help your parents do some housework once a week.You'd better not spend more time on this kind of game.17、help sb(to)do/help sb. withThe boy helped the old man to carry a bunch of wood up the hills.He asked me to help him to solve the problem.18、don't think that  认为不I don't think that they will give up the chance of being volunteers.I don't think that he is reading now.19. I would like to./ would you like to.?我想做Would you like to lend me your bike?Iwould like to look up some new words in it.20. It takes sb sometime to do sth. 花费某人.时间做某事It will take the workers two years to build the bridge.It took her 3 months to do this experiment.How long will it take the workers to rebuild the new school?21.It's bad/good for 对.有害处eating more fruit is good for health.Don't read in bed. It's bad for your eyes.22.It's important/impossible/impolite/difficult for sb. to do sth.对于某人来说做.很重要的At school, it's very important for every student to keep their own classrooms clean and tidy.Although it is raining heavily, it looks that it's impossible for him not to finish the last 200 meters.23. It's time for ./to do sth. 对于.来说做.的时间了It's time for us to borrow books from the library.It's time for Tom to take medicine.24. It's two meters（years） long(old)它两米长（两岁大）He is two meters tall.The river is twenty meters wide.25. keep sb. doing sth 让某人一直做某事The headmaster kept me waiting for two hours last time.Why do you keep laughing all the time?26. keep/make sth. +adj. 让.一直保持.It's important for us to keep calm in danger.The movie was so sad that it made us cry.27. like to do /like doing 喜欢做.My younger sister likes singing and dancing very much.What kind of books does she like reading in her free time?28. make/let sb.(not)do sth. 让某人做/不做某事Make him not lend the book to my younger brother, he will break it.To learn English well, the teacher always makes us read aloud in the morning.29. neither.nor 既不.也不We should come to the party just ath the right time, neither too early nor too late.It's neither too cold, nor too hot here all the year round.30. not. at all 根本不Although life is difficult, each of us doesn't want to give up our hope at all.Some have several girlfriends and others have none at all!31. not only. but also.   不仅.而且Mike not only finished doing his homework but also helped his sister with her English.Today some newly-produced mobile phones can be used not only for taking photos but also for downloading songs from the Internet.32. not. until 直到.才He didin't stop to have a rest until he finished cleaning the old man's room.I didn't understand my mother's love to me until I talked with her yesterday.33. one .the other/ some .others  一个另一个；一些另一些These are my two favotite books. One is called The Monky King, the other is called Harry Potter.Somepople say the Indian films are booring, but others say they are great.34. see/hear sb do(doing)sth 看见某人做了/正在做I heard my parents quarreling after supper.I heard someone singing in the next room.I heard somone knock a the door when I was cooking.35. so. that  如此以至于The noise outside was so big that we couldn't hear waht the teacher said.Kate was so angry that she couldn't say a word.36.spend.on(in doing)sth   在方面花费He spent so much time (in) playing computer games that he was not interested in his lessons.She spends $100 on clothes every week.37. stop/prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事Nothing can stop me from going swimming this afternoon.For years, Mike has kept studying how to stop middle school students from losing themselves in net games.38. stop to do /doing停下来去做某事The boss kept the workers working all the time until they finished all the work.Tell him not to stop to rest; it's important moment now.39. take /bring sth with sb. 随身携带Get the luch which you take with yourself ready, it's time for a meal.My friend brought many chocolates with him to visit me.40.There is something wrong with. 出了问题/毛病There si something wrong with my TV, so we can't watch the match.There's something wrong with my computer. Can you help me?41. too.to  太以至于不能Hearing the news of successful launch of Shenzhou-7, many people were too excited to sleep the whole night.The box is too heavy for me to move.42. used to 过去常常She used to spend a lot of time playing computer games.There used to be a hospital.43. What about./How about.?  怎么样呢？How about going out for a walk after supper?I 'm too busy to go tho the movies with you today.How about tomorrow?                          中考英语重点词组高效复习法短语、词组回纳由动词张头构成地短语、词组很多。复习时应分类处理：一、动词+介词look at看， look like  看上去像， look after 照料listen to听welcome to欢迎到say hello to 向问好speak to对说话此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是铭词还是帮词，都要放在介词之后。二、动词+副词“动词+副词”所构成地短语义分为两类：A动词（vt.）+副词put on 穿上 take off脱下 write down记下此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是铭词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称帮词，只能放在副词地前面。B动词（vi）+副词。come on赶快 get up起床 go home回家come in进来 sit down坐下 stand up起立此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。三、其它类动词词组.close the door .ook the same .go to work/class.be ill .have a look/seat .have supper.ook young .go shopping .watch TV/games. play games介词短语聚焦“介词+铭词/帮词”所构成地短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-常用地介词短语按用法进办回类。in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在排/队/班级/时级”等。in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”；on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。in the wall表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；on the wall表示“在墙上（指墙地表面）”。at work（在工作）/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中无the。at + 时刻表示钟点。like this/that表示方法，意为“像这/那样”。of短语表示所属关系。behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 铭词等，表示方位、处所。from与to多表示方向，前者意为“从”，后者意为“到”另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on ones bike等。重点句型大回放I think意为“我认为”，是对某人或某事地看法或态度地一种句型。其不定式常用I dont think，give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把给”，动词give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型；若指物地宾语是人称帮词时，则只能用give it/ them to sb.take sb./ sth. to意为