1997年专业英语八级考试真题.doc

1997年专业英语八级考试真题TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(1997)-GRADEEIGHT-试卷一(95min)PARTIListeningComprehension(40min)InSectionsA,BandCyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.MarkthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononyourColouredAnswerSheet.SECTIONATALKQuestions1to5refertothetalkinthissection.Attheendofthetalkyouwillbegiven15secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.Nowlistentothetalk.1.IntheBlackForest,theacidrainissaidtoattackallEXCEPT_.A.firsB.metalsC.leavesD.soil2.ThepercentageoffirsdyingintheBlackForestis_.A.41%B.43%C.26%D.76%3.Germanyistacklingpartoftheproblembyintroducing_.A.newcardesigningschemesB.newcarproductionlinesC.anewtypeofsmokestacksD.newcarsafetystandards4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?A.Germanyislikelytosucceedinpersuadingherneighbourstoreduceacidrain.B.Thedisastrouseffectsofacidrainarenotconfinedtoonearea.C.Germantouristsareallowedtodriveacrosstheirneighbours'borders.D.Germany'sneighboursareinfavouroftheuseoflead-freepetrol.5.Ontheissueoffuturesolutionofacidrain,thespeaker'stoneisthatof_.A.warningB.pessimismC.indifferenceD.optimismSECTIONBINTERVIEWQuestions6to10arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegiven15secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.Nowlistentotheinterview.6.WhatsubjectisMr.Pittgoodat_?A.Art.B.French.C.German.D.Chemistry.7.WhatdoesMr.PittNOTdoinhissparetime?A.Doingabitofactingandphotography.B.Goingtoconcertsfrequently.C.Playingtraditionaljazzandfolkmusic.D.TravellinginEuropebyhitch-hiking.8.Whenaskedwhatamanager'sroleisMr.Pittsounds_.A.confidentB.hesitantC.resoluteD.doubtful9.WhatdoesMr.Pittsayhewouldliketobe?A.Anexportsalesmanworkingoverseas.B.Anaccountantworkinginthecompany.C.Aproductionmanagerinabranch.D.Apolicymakerinthecompany.10.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthemanagementtraineeschemeisTRUE?A.Traineesarerequiredtosigncontractsinitially.B.Trainees'performanceisevaluatedwhennecessary.C.Trainees'startingsalaryis870pounds.D.Traineescannotquitthemanagementscheme.SECTIONCNEWSBROADCASTQuestion11isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews.11.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.FivegunmenwereflowntoIraninahelicopter.B.Mostoftheransomwasretrievedintheend.C.Thechildrenwereheldforfivedays.D.Theauthoritieshavepassedsentenceonthegunmen.Question12isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews.12.Accordingtothenews,AmericantroopsinPanama_.A.wereattackedatrefugeecampsB.wereangryatdelaysindepartureC.attackedCubanrefugeecampslastweekD.willbeincreasedto2,000Question13isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestion.Nowlistentothenews.13.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?U.S.lawmakers_.A.challengedtheaccordforfreezingPyongyang'snuclearprogrammeB.requiredtheinspectionofPyongyang'snuclearsiteforatleastfiveyearsC.wereworriedthatNorthKoreamaytakeadvantageoftheconcessionsD.blamedtheU.S.negotiatorformakingnocompromiseswithNorthKoreaQuestions14&15arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven30secondstoanswerthetwoquestions.Nowlistentothenews.14.Accordingtothenews,theItalianParliamentwasaskedtoactby_.A.theU.NB.theRedCrossC.theDefenceMinisterD.theSwedishGovernment15.Ontheissueoflimiteduseoflandmines,theItalianParliamentis_.A.noncommittalB.resoluteC.unsupportiveD.waveringSECTIONDNOTE-TAKINGANDGAP-FILLINGFillineachofthegapswithONEword.Youmayrefertoyournotes.Makesurethewordyoufillinisbothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Inbusiness,many,placesadoptacreditsystem,whichdatesbacktoancienttimes.Atpresent,purchasescanbemadebyusingcreditcards.Theyfallintotwocategories:onehas1use,whilethe1._otherisacceptedalmosteverywhere.Theapplicationfortheuseofthelatteronemustbemadeata2.2._Oncethecustomerstartsusingthecard,hewillbeprovidedwithamonthlystatementof3bythecreditcompany.Heis3._requiredtopayonequartertohalfofhiscredit4every4._month.Advantages.1.Withacard,itisnot5tosaveupmoney5._beforeanactualpurchase.2.Ifthecardislost,itsownerisprotected.3.A6andcompletelistofpurchasereceivedfromthecredit6._.companyhelpstheownertorememberthetimeand7ofhis7._purchase.4.thecardsaxeacceptedina(n)8byprofessional8._peoplelikedentists,etc.Majordisadvantage.Thecardowneristemptedto9his9._money.Ifthisisthecase,itwillbecomeincreasinglydiflie-ltfortheusertokeepupwiththerequired10,whichwillresultinthe10._creditcardbeingcancelledbythecreditcompany.PARTIIProofreadinganErrorCorrection(15min)ThefollowingpassagecontainsTENerrors.Eachlinecontainsamaximumofoneerrorandthreearefreefromerror.Ineachcase,onlyonewordisinvolved.Youshouldproofreadthepassageandcorrectitinthefollowingway.Forawrongword,underlinethewrongwordandwritethecorrectoneintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.Foramissingword,markthepositionofthemissingwordwitha“”signandwritethewordyoubelievetobemissingintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.Foranunnecessaryword,crossouttheunnecessarywordwithaslash“/”andputthewordintheblankprovidedattheendoftheline.ExampleWhenartmuseumwantsanewexhibit,1anitneverKG-1*3/buysthingsinfinishedformandhangs2neverthemonthewall.Whenanaturalhistorymuseumwantsanexhibition,itmustoftenbuildit.3exhibitClassicIntentionMovementInsocialsituations,theclassicIntentionMovementisthechair-grasp'.Hostandguesthavebeentalkingforsometime,butnowthehosthasanappointmenttokeepandcangetaway.1._Hisurgetogoisheldincheekbyhisdesirenotberudetohis2._guest,ifhedidnotcareofhisguest'sfeelingshewouldsimply3._getupoutofhischairandtoannouncehisdeparture.Thisis4._whathisbodywantstodo,thereforehispolitenessglueshisbody5._tothechairandrefusestolethimraise.Itisatthispointthathe6._performsthechair-graspIntentionMovement.Hecontinuestotalktotheguestandlistentohim,butleansforwardandgraspsthearmsofthechairasabouttopushhimselfupwards.Thisis7._thefirstacthewouldmakeifhewererising.Ifhewerenot8._hesitating,itwouldonlylastafractionofthesecond.Hewould9._lean,push,rise,andbeup.Butnow,instead,itlastsmuchlonger.Heholdshis'readiness-to-rise'postandkeepsonholdingit.Itis10._asifhisbodyhadfrozenattheget-readymoment.PARTIIIREADINGCOMPREHENSION(40MIN)SECTIONAREADINGCOMPREHENSION(30MIN)Inthissectiontherearefourreadingpassagesfollowedbyatotaloffifteenmultiple-choicequestions.ReadthepassagesandthenmarkyouranswersonyourColouredAnswerSheet.TEXTAAmagazine'sdesignismorethandecoration,morethansimplepackaging.Itexpressesthemagazine'sverycharacter.TheAtlanticMonthlyhaslongattemptedtoprovideadesignenvironmentinwhichtwodisparatetraditionsliteraryandjournalisticcanco-existinpleasurabledignity.Theredesignthatweintroducewiththisissuetheworkofourartdirector,JudyGarlanrepresents,wethink,anotableenhancementofthatenvironment.Garlanexplainssomeofwhatwasinhermindasshebegantocreatethenewdesign:“Isawthisasanopportunitytobringthelookclosertomatchingtheeleganceandpowerofthewritingwhichthemagazineisknownfor.Theoveralldesignhastobeabletoencompassagreatdiversityofstylesandsubjectsurgentpiecesofreporting,seriousessays,lighterpieces,lifestyle-orientedpieces,shortstories,poetry.Wedon'twantlighterpiecestoseemtooheavy,andwedon'twantheavierpiecestoseemtoopetty.Wealsouseabroadrangeofartandphotography,andthedesignhastoworkwellwiththat,too.Atthesametime,themagazineneedstohaveaconsistentfeel,needstounderscorethesensethateverythinginitispartofoneAtlanticWorld.TheprimarytypefacesGarlanchoseforthistaskareTimesRoman,foramorereadablebodytype,andBauerBodoni,foramorestylishandflexibledisplaytype(articletitles,largeinitials,andsoon).Otheraspectsofthenewdesignarestructural.Thearticlesinthefrontofthemagazine,whichonceflowedintooneanother,nowstandontheirown,togainprominence.TheTravelcolumn,nowfeaturedineveryissue,hasbeenmovedfromthebacktothefront.Asnotedinthisspacelastmonth,theword“Monthly”rejoins“TheAtlantic”onthecover,afteradecadelongabsence.JudyGarlancametotheAtlanticin1981afterhavingservedastheartdirectorofseveralothermagazines.DuringhertenurehereTheAtlantichaswonmorethan300awardsforvisualexcellence,fromtheSocietyofillustrators,theAmericanInstituteofGraphicArts,theArtDirectorsClub,CommunicationArts,andelsewhere.Garlanwasinvariouswaysassistedintheredesignbytheentireart-departmentstaff:RobinGilmore,Barnes,BetsyUrrico,GillianKahn,andIsaManning.TheartistNicholasGaetanocontributedaswell:heredrewourcolophon(thefigureofNeptunethatappearsonthecontentspage)andcreatedthesymbolsthatwillappearregularlyonthispage(arenditionofourbuilding),onthePuzzlerpage,abovetheopeningofletters,andonthemasthead.Gaetano,whoseworkmanagestocombinestylishclarityandbreezystrength,isthecoverartistforthisissue.16.PartofthenewdesignistobeconcernedwiththefollowingEXCEPT_.A.variationinthetypefacesB.reorganizationofarticlesinthefrontC.creationofthetravelcolumnD.reinstatementofitsformername17.Accordingtothepassage,thenewdesignworkinvolves_.A.otherartistsaswellB.otherwritersaswellC.onlythecoverartistD.onlytheartdirector18.Thisarticleaimsto_.A.emphasizetheimportanceofamagazine'sdesignB.introducethemagazine'sartdirectorC.persuadethereadertosubscribetothemagazineD.informthereaderofitsnewdesignandfeaturesTEXTBWHYSHOULDanyonebuythelatestvolumeintheever-expandingDictionaryofNationalBiography?Idonotmeanthatitisbad,asthereviewerswillagree.Butitwillcostyou65pounds.Andhaveyougottherestofvolumes?Youneedthebasic22plusthelargelydecennialsupplementstobringthetotalto31.Ofcourse,itwillbeanswered,publicandacademiclibrarieswillwantthenewvolume.Afterall,itadds1,068livesofpeoplewhoescapedthenetoftheoriginalcompilers.Yetin10year'stimearevisedversionofthewholecaboodle,calledtheNewDictionaryofNationalBiography,willbepublished.Itseditor,ProessorColinMatthew,tellsmethathewillhaveroomforabout50,000lives,some13,000morethaninthecurrentDNB.Thisratherputsthe1,068inMissingPersonsintheshade.WhenDr.NichollswrotetoTheSpectatorin1989askingfornameofpeoplewhomreadershadlookedupintheDNBandhadbeendisappointednottofind,shesaysthatshereceivedsome100,000suggestions.(Well,shehadwrittento'otherqualitynewspapers'too.)Assoonashercommitteehadwhittledthenumbersdown,theprofessionalproblemsofaneditorbegan.Contributorsdidn'tfilecopyontime;somewhodidsenttoomuch:50,000wordsinsteadof500isarecord,accordingtoDr.Nicholls.Thereremainsthedinner-partygameofwho'sin,who'sout.Thatisagamethatthereviewershaveplayedandwillcontinuetoplay.Criminalsweremyinitialworry.Afterall,theoriginaleditionoftheDNBboasted:Malefactorswhosecrimesexciteapermanentinteresthavereceivedhardlylessattentionthanbenefactors.Mr.JohnGrossclearlyhadsimilaranxieties,forhecomplainsthat,whilethemurdererChristieisin,Crippenisout.OnemightsayinreplythattheinjusticeofthehangingofEvansinsteadofChristiewasaforceintherepealofcapitalpunishmentinBritain,asLudovieKennedy(theauthorofChristiesentryinMissingPersons)notes.ButthenCrippenwasreputedasthefirstmurderertobecaughtbytelegraphy(hehadtriedtoescapebyshiptoAmerica).ItissurprisingtofindMaxMillerexcludedwhenreallynotverymemorablenamesgetin.TherehasbeenaconsciousefforttoputinartistsandarchitectsfromtheMiddleAges.Abouttheirlivesnotmuchisalwaysknown.OfHugoofBuryStEdmunds,a12th-centuryilluminatorwhosedatesofbirthanddeatharenotrecorded,hisbiographercomments:WhetherornotHugowasawall-painter,therecordsofhisactivitiesascarverandmanuscriptpainterattesttohisversatility'.Thentherehadtobemorewomen,too(12percent,againsttheoriginalDBN's3),suchasRoyStrong'ssubject,theTudorpainterLevinaTeerlinc,ofwhomheremarks:Hermostcharacteristicfeatureisaheadattachedtoatoosmall,spindlybody.Hertechniqueremainedawkward,thinandoftencursory'.Doesn'tseemtoqualifyherasamemorableartist.YetitmaybebetterthantherecordoftheoriginalDNB,whichincludedlivesofpeoplewhoneverexisted(suchasMerlin)andevenmanagedtogivethankstoJ.W.Clerkeasacontributor,though,asalatereditionadmitsinashamefacedfootnote,exceptfortheentryintheListofContributorsthereisnotraceofJ.W.Clerke'.19.Thewritersuggeststhatthereisnosenseinbuyingthelatestvolume_.A.becauseitisnotworththepriceB.becauseithasfewerentriesthanbeforeC.unlessonehasallthevolumesinthecollectionD.unlessanexpandedDNBwillcomeoutshortly20.OntheissueofwhoshouldbeincludedintheDNB,thewriterseemstosuggestthat_.A.theeditorshadclearrolestofollowB.thereweretoomanycriminalsintheentriesC.theeditorsclearlyfavouredbenefactorsD.theeditorswereirrationalintheirchoices21.CrippenwasabsentfromtheDNB_.A.becauseheescapedtotheU.SB.becausedeathsentencehadbeenabolishedC.forreasonsnotclarifiedD.becauseoftheeditors'mistake22.Theauthorquotedafewentriesinthelastparagraphto_.A.illustratesomefeaturesoftheDNBB.giveemphasistohisargumentC.impressthereaderwithitscontentD.highlightthepeopleintheMiddleAges23.Throughoutthepassage,thewriter'stonetowardstheDNBwas_.A.complimentaryB.supportiveC.sarcasticD.bitterTEXTCMedicalconsumerismlikeallsortsofconsumerism,onlymoremenacinglyisdesignedtobeunsatisfying.Theprolongationoflifeandthesearchforperfecthealth(beauty,youth,happiness)areinherentlyself-defeating.Thelawofdiminishingreturnsnecessarilyapplies.Youcanmakehigherpercentagesofpeoplesurviveintotheireightiesandnineties.But,asanygeriatricwardshows,thatisnotthesameastoconferenduringmobility,awarenessandautonomy.Extendinglifegrowsmedicallyfeasible,butitisoftenalifedeprivedofeverything,andoneexposedtodegradingneglectasresourcesgrowover-stretchedandpoliticsturnmean.Whatanignoramusdestinyformedicineifitsfutureturnedintooneofbestowingmeagerincrementsofunenjoyedlife!Itwouldmirrorthefateofathletes,inwhichdisproportionateenergiesandresourcesnotleastmedicalones,likeillegalsteroidsarenowinvestedtoshaverecordsbymilliseconds.And,itgoeswithoutsaying,thelogicalextensionoflongevismthe"abolition"ofdeathwouldnotbeasolutionbutonlyanexacerbation.Toairthesepredicamentsisnotanti-medicalspleenachurlishreprisalagainstmedicineforitsvictoriesbutsimplytofacethegrowingrealityofmedicalpowernotexactlywithoutresponsibilitybutwithdissolvinggoals.Hencemedicine'sfinesthourbecomesthedawnofitsdilemmas.Forcenturies,medicinewasimpotentandhenceunproblematic.FromtheGreekstotheGreatWar,itsjobwassimple:tostrugglewithlethaldiseasesandgrossdisabilities,toensurelivebirths,andtomanagepain.Itperformedtheseuncontroversialtasksbyandlargewithmeagersuccess.Today,withmissionaccomplished,medicinestriumphsaredissolvingindisorientation.Medicinehasledtovastlyinflatedexpectations,whichthepublichaseagerlyswallowed.Yetastheseexpectationsgrowunlimited,theybecomeunfulf