2020年高考英语语法填空专项训练八篇(二)(共8页).doc
精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上2020年高考英语语法填空专项训练八篇（二）（一）Researchers find that _1_ large amount of African dust can blow all the way across the Atlantic Ocean and fall on North and South America.African dust storms can harm air quality _2_ the ocean.But new research by scientists from some countries _3_ (show) the storms also can do some good._4_ is found that an average of 28 million metric tons of Saharan dust falls in South America's Amazon River basin each year.Scientists say the dust is an important _5_ (provide) of fertilizer.“Yes, it's _6_ (surprise) because of the huge amount of dust and phosphorous (磷), _7_ is a nutrient that plants need _8_ (grow)，” one of them says.In fact, the phosphorous _9_ (fall) from the sky is about the same as the amount that rivers carry out each year.The thick rainforest and the desert dust _10_ (join) together on one small planet.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。非洲的沙尘暴往往会影响大西洋的空气质量，但是新的研究发现，沙尘暴也有一些好处。本文主要介绍了沙尘暴的一些好处。1a考查冠词。a large amount of为固定短语，意为“许多，大量”，故填a。2across考查介词。根据第一段中的“all the way across the Atlantic Ocean”可知，此处与其照应，表示非洲的沙尘暴能够横穿海洋破坏空气质量，故填across。3shows考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据全文时态并结合该句的主语“new research”可知，此处应用一般现在时，且用谓语动词show的第三人称单数形式，故填shows。4It考查代词。分析句子结构可知，本句应用It，在句中作形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的从句，故填It。5provider考查名词。形容词“important”之后应接名词，此处表示“供给者”，故填provider。6surprising考查形容词。分析句子成分可知，is之后需接形容词作表语，且主语为it，指物，故填surprising。7which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“phosphorous(磷)”，且关系词在从句中作主语，指物，故填which。8to grow考查非谓语动词。need to do意为“需要做”，此处表示植物需要营养来确保其生长，表目的，故填to grow。9falling考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空格处应用非谓语动词；phosphorous与动词fall之间为主动关系，故用fall的现在分词形式作后置定语，故填falling。10are joined考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构可知，句子主语与动词join之间为被动关系，故用被动语态；主语为“The thick rainforest and the desert dust”，是复数，故填are joined。（二）The Importance of HobbiesA hobby is something that one likes to do in one's spare time.A hobby is treated as a favorite activity that a person does for pleasure and not as _1_ regular business.A hobby is not an inborn preference.It _2_ (develop) through a constant and systematic process.A hobby is not pursued_3_ (make) a profit.The main purpose of a hobby is to derive pleasure out of it. It gives us mental and physical_4_ (relax)One makes the best use of one's spare time by pursuing a hobby.While_5_ (make) a choice out of many ways of spending our time, we ought to ensure something that restores our lost energy and cheers_6_ up.There are a good number of hobbies.The hobby that fits our interest, nature and our budget would be the_7_ (good)The hobby_8_ (select) by teens depends upon the time for hobbies.While teens become busy in shaping their careers, it is very important to develop a hobby, _9_ can open up new views of knowledge, entertainment and careers.As a student, one may develop the hobby of reading newspapers and magazines_10_ (regular)They keep one aware of the current events.In the long run, one will benefit from it if one has to appear in competitive examinations.语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。主要讨论了培养业余爱好的重要性以及怎样选择合适的爱好等。 1.a考查冠词。空格处与前面的 as a favorite activity 对应，指爱好不是一件日常事务。2is developed考查动词的时态和语态。此处指爱好的形成，因此要用被动语态，全文使用一般现在时，故用一般现在时的被动语态。3to make考查非谓语动词。此处为不定式作目的状语。4relaxation考查词性转换。空前为形容词，形容词修饰名词，因此需要用relax的名词形式。5making考查非谓语动词。make与其逻辑主语 we之间是主谓关系，故使用现在分词作状语。6us考查代词。与前面的 restores our lost energy 呼应，指使我们振作起来。7best考查形容词最高级。空格前有the，故填形容词最高级，指那种适合我们的兴趣、性格和预算的爱好，才是最好的。8selected考查非谓语动词。这里的hobby与select构成动宾关系，使用过去分词作后置定语。9which考查定语从句。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的a hobby，并在从句中作主语，故填which。10regularly考查词性转换。此处用副词作状语来修饰谓语动词。（三）Qian Zhongshu was _1_ Chinese scholar and writer, _2_ (know) for his wit and erudition (博学)Despite failing in mathematics, Qian was accepted _3_ the Department of Foreign Languages of Tsinghua University in 1929 because of his excellent _4_ (perform) in Chinese and English languages.In Tsinghua, he met his wife Yang Jiang, who was _5_ (become) a successful playwright and translator, and _6_ (marry) her in 1935.In the same year, Qian received government sponsorship to further his studies abroad.Together with his wife, Qian headed for the University of Oxford in Britain.After _7_ (spend) two years at Exeter College, he received a Bachelor of Literature.He then studied for one more year in the University of Paris in France before returning to China in 1938.Qian lived in Shanghai from 1941 to 1945, which was then under Japanese _8_ (occupy)Many of his works were written or published during this period of time.A collection of short _9_ (essay), Written in the Margins of Life, _10_ (publish) in 1941.His most celebrated work Fortress Besieged appeared in 1947.On the Art of Poetry, written in classical Chinese, came out in 1948.语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了钱钟书先生的故事。1a考查冠词。根据语境可知，此处表示泛指，指学者兼作家，且Chinese的读音以辅音音素开头，故填a。2known考查非谓语动词。be known for sth.“以某事知名，以某物闻名”，此处在句中作状语，故填known。3into考查介词。短语accept sb.into sth.为固定用法，意思是“接收某人进入”。4performance考查词性转换。由空前的“his excellent”可知，此处应用名词作介词of的宾语，故填performance。5to become考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处表示“她即将成为一位成功的剧作家兼翻译家”，结合空前的“was”可知，此处应用不定式表示将来，故填to become。6married考查动词的时态与主谓一致。根据语境并分析句子结构可知，动词“marry”与上文中的“met”之间是并列关系，且由时间状语“in 1935”可知，应填married。7spending考查非谓语动词。由空前的介词“After”可知，空处应填动词ing形式作宾语。8occupation考查词性转换。根据空前的介词“under”和形容词“Japanese”可知，空处应用名词occupation。短语under occupation意思是“被占领”。9essays考查名词复数。essay为可数名词，其前没有限定词修饰，故填essays。10was published考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处表示Written in the Margins of Life于1941年出版，publish与其主语之间是被动关系，且由时间状语“in 1941”可知，此处应用一般过去时的被动语态。（四）Many of my friends like fall and take it as their favorite season.Last weekend, I went outdoors and soon _1_ (find) a deep appreciation of this season.The change of leaf colors is a common reason given _2_ the love of fall.Each tree reacts _3_ (different) to the change of the season.Some shed their leaves in hopes of reproducing; however, other _4_ (tree) remain green for as long as possible to gain additional energy from the sun to survive the winter.This effect _5_ (call) the fightorflight response.Fall is a time of _6_ (reflect) and preparation for the year ahead.I have found a meaning of fall for me.I'm _7_ 18yearold boy in the final year of high school and my life is a work in progress.There are times I want to give up, but then I look around me and realize life keeps _8_ (move)The natural cycle of life is beautiful and doesn't stop growing so I have to learn to keep up.The meaning of fall is different for each person.I encourage you _9_ (go) out to follow some path or sidewalk and discover _10_ fall means to you.语篇解读：“我”的许多朋友喜欢秋天，“我”对秋天有自己的感受。生命的轮回让“我”意识到“我”应当不断进步。1found考查动词的时态。根据该句中的时间状语“Last weekend”可知，该句描述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。2for考查介词。根据该句中的“a common reason”可知，叶子颜色的变化是爱上秋天的一个常见原因。reason for .表示“的原因”。3differently考查词性转换。空处修饰动词react，故用副词形式。4trees考查名词复数。根据空前的“Some .other”可知，该处表示另外一些树，故用复数形式。5is called考查动词的时态和语态。这种反应被称为“战斗或逃跑”反应。该句陈述的是自然现象，故用一般现在时；主语This effect和动词call之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。6reflection考查词性转换。根据空前的介词of及空后的preparation可知，此处填名词作介词的宾语。7an考查冠词。该处表示泛指，故用不定冠词，18yearold的读音以元音音素开头，故填an。8moving考查非谓语动词。该处指“有时候我想放弃，但是我看看我的周围，意识到生命在继续向前”。keep doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“继续做某事”。9to go考查非谓语动词。encourage sb.to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“鼓励某人做某事”。10what考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，该从句作discover的宾语；同时空处也作从句中means的宾语，故用what引导该宾语从句。（五）China's icebreaker Xue Long will set sail from Shanghai to the Antarctic.Its captain Zhu Bing said that the icebreaker would first travel to the tobebuilt new station before _1_ (make) a short stop at Zhongshan station.One of its main tasks is to build another research station in the Antarctic.Once _2_ (complete), the new station would be the country's third yearround station in the Antarctic and the first to be lying _3_ the border of the Pacific Ocean._4_ other two stations, the Great Wall Station and the Zhongshan Station, _5_ (build) in the 1980s.“This time around, we will build a 206squaremeter temporary base, which includes rooms for workers and a platform for large engineering _6_ (machine), to improve future construction work，” said Zhang Tijun of the Polar Research Institute of China, _7_ is the assistant leader of the expedition.Sun Bo, the deputy director of the institute, was _8_ (confidence) to say that the construction of the station, which will _9_ (definite) meet international criteria for environmental _10_ (protect), will be finished as early as 2022.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。中国破冰船“雪龙”号将从上海起航，前往南极洲修建第三个南极常年科考站，该科考站是中国在太平洋边界建的第一个南极科考站，将最早于2022年完工。1making考查非谓语动词。介词后要用动名词作宾语，故用making。2completed考查非谓语动词。the new station与complete之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作状语。故用completed。3on考查介词。此处指科考站位于太平洋的边界处。on the border of .“在的边界”。4The考查冠词。由后面提到的两个科考站可知，此处表特指，故用The。5were built考查动词的时态和语态。另外两个科考站，长城站和中山站，建于20世纪80年代。根据时间状语“in the 1980s”可知，此处描述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时；又因为句子的主语two stations与build之间是被动关系，应用被动语态。故用were built。6machines考查名词复数。machine“机器，设备”，是可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故应用其复数形式。7who考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，且空处在从句中作主语，先行词是Zhang Tijun，指人，故用who。8confident考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作表语，故用形容词confident。9definitely考查副词。空处修饰动词meet，应用副词。definitely“肯定，当然”。10protection考查名词。根据空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词。environmental protection意为“环境保护”。（六）(2019·石家庄质量检测) When it comes to eating habits, China is a country we must mention.Unlike in the West, _1_ everyone has their own plate of food, in China the dishes_2_(place) on the table and everybody shares.If you're being treated by a Chinese host, be prepared for a ton of food.During eating, the host serves food with public chopsticks to guests _3_ (show) his or her politeness.The appropriate thing to do is to eat the food and say how delicious it is.If you don't like it, you can just say a polite “thank you”， with the food _4_ (leave) there.But don't stick your chopsticks upright in the rice bowl.If so, it's very impolite _5_ the host and seniors who are present at the table.At dinner, if half of the fish is eaten up, a guest shouldn't turn the fish over by saying “fan”， which is _6_ Chinese word for “turn over”， which is considered bad luck for _7_ (fisherman) and their boats.The _8_ (separate) of the fish bone from the lower half of the flesh is usually done by the host or hostess.This is especially true in southern China.These tips above will be _9_ (extreme) useful when you visit China, an _10_ (east) country with a long history. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的餐桌文化。就餐礼仪因文化不同而不同。1where考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the West，同时在从句中作地点状语。2are placed考查动词的时态和语态。句子讲述的是客观情况，要用一般现在时；主语the dishes与动词place之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态。3to show考查非谓语动词。主人用公筷夹菜给客人，这是为了表示对客人的礼貌。空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。4left考查非谓语动词。此处为with复合结构，空处作宾语the food的补足语，并且the food与leave之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以要用过去分词。5to考查介词。be polite/impolite to sb.是固定短语，意思是“对某人礼貌/不礼貌”。6the考查冠词。“fan”在汉字里表示“翻过来”的意思。此处表示特指，故要用定冠词the。7fishermen考查名词复数。fisherman为可数名词，且其前无限定词修饰，故空处应用名词的复数形式。8separation考查名词。空处前面有定冠词The修饰，再结合空后的of可知，空处应填名词。9extremely考查副词。空处修饰后面的形容词useful，作状语，要用副词。10eastern考查形容词。空处作定语，修饰后面的名词country，表示“东方的”，所以要用eastern。（七）(2019·湖南株洲质检)Located in a natural depression in Guizhou, China's Fivehundredmeter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope, _1_ (know) as FAST, has identified six pulsars (脉冲星) after one year of trial operation. It is the first time Chinese scientists have discovered pulsars using a radio telescope independently developed by Chinese scientists, thus _2_ (open) a “new era of Chinese original space discovery”It is truly encouraging for China to have achieved such results in just one year. Since the first pulsar _3_ (discover), over 2,700 pulsars have been identified. But almost all of them are _4_ the scope of the Milky Way. Being the world's largest radio telescope, FAST is expected to capture pulsars outside the galaxy. Apart from the massive size, it also has unmatched accuracy and sensitivity, allowing scientists _5_ (find) previously hidden stars. Moreover, FAST is capable of surveying the night sky for multiple _6_ (science) data at once, _7_ enables astronomers to jumpstart many science goals. Its innovative engineering concept and design pave _8_ new road to realize a huge single dish in the most effective way.China's FAST science impact on astronomy will be extraordinary, and has the potential to revolutionize other _9_(area) of the natural sciences. It _10_(remain) the global leader for the next 10 to 20 years.1known考查非谓语动词。Fivehundredmeter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope 和know之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式作定语。2opening 考查非谓语动词。thus 指代前面的整句话，和动词open 之间是主动关系，故用现在分词形式作结果状语。3was discovered考查动词的时态和语态。the first pulsar和discover之间是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。4in/within考查介词。根据下文 “. FAST is expected to capture pulsars outside the galaxy.”可知，此处指几乎所有发现的脉冲星都在银河系的范围内，表示“在内”用in或within。5to find考查动词不定式。allow sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人做某事”，为固定用法。6scientific考查形容词。修饰名词 data，故用形容词形式scientific。7which考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前面的整个句子，且在句中作主语，故用which。8a考查冠词。road是单数可数名词，此处表示“一条新路”，故用a。9areas考查名词。area是可数名词，其前由other修饰，故用复数形式。10will remain考查动词的时态。根据时间状语 the next 10 to 20 years可知，句子用一般将来时，故用will remain。（八）The history of Chinese poetry dates back almost 2,700 years _1_the Spring and Autumn period (770476 BC). Records are rare before that time _2_ Qin Shi Huang destroyed all the books that could _3_ (locate). The styles, rules, and regulations for Chinese poetry gradually _4_ (change) over the centuries until the time of the Tang Dynasty (618907 AD). This became the golden age for Chinese poetry. During that time a number of _5_ (product) poets turned out as many as 50,000 classical poems. All aspects of Chinese society _6_ (high) regarded these poets. Sevencharacter lines became very popular.Poetry, paintings, and calligraphy(书法) are three of these art forms that go particularly well together. Many poets were also excellent _7_ (paint) and calligraphers. A poem would be written for _8_ purpose of matching a painting and then written into the forefront of the painting with traditional Chinese calligraphy. This gives the paintings deeper _9_(mean) and more elegance. It is common _10_ (find) this type of poetry, calligraphy art hanging in people's homes.1to考查介词。根据句意可知，中国诗歌的历史可以追溯到2 700年前的春秋时期(公元前770公元前476年)。该句中的date back to. 是固定短语，表示“追溯到，从就开始有”。2because/since/as 考查状语从句。因为秦始皇毁掉了所有可以找到的书，所以在那之前记录很少。根据语境可知，此处应用because/since/as引导原因状语从句。3be located 考查被动语态。在该句中locate表示“查明，找到”，在that引导的定语从句中，that 与locate之间为被动关系，因此用be located。4changed 考查动词的时态。根据句意可知，唐朝前的几个世纪间，中国诗歌的风格、习惯、规则逐渐发生了变化。这是在描述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。5productive 考查形容词。空处位于名词poets之前，修饰人，因此用形容词，再结合语境可知，此处应用productive表示“多产的”。6highly 考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰谓语动词regarded，因此用副词。high和highly都可作副词，前者表示具体意义的“在高处，向高处”；后者表示抽象意义的“钦佩地，赞赏地；很，非常”。根据语境可知，此处用副词highly。7painters考查名词。根据下文的“calligraphers”可以推断，此处指“画家”，故用painters。8the 考查冠词。for the purpose of doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“为了”。9meaning考查名词。根据空前的
