初中英语被动语态知识点总结(共6页).docx

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上初中英语被动语态知识点总结这是一篇由网络搜集整理的关于初中英语被动语态知识点总结的文档，希望对你能有帮助。一、语态概述英语的语态是通过动词形式的变化表现出来的。英语中有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。例如：Many people speak Chinese.谓语：speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。被动语态表示主语是动作的.承受者，即行为动作的对象。例如：Chinese is spoken by many people.主语English是动词speak的承受者。二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以speak为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。一般现在时：am/is/are+spoken一般过去时：was/were+spoken一般将来时：will/shall be+spoken现在进行时：am/is/are being+spoken过去进行时：was/were being+spoken现在完成时：have/has been+spoken过去完成时：had been + spoken三、被动语态的用法(1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的)This bridge was founded in 1981.这座桥竣工于1981年。(2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。例如：The glass was broken by Mike.玻璃杯是迈克打破的。This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。Your homework must be finished on time.你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。四、主动语态变被动语态的方法(1)把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。(2)把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词) (根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。(3)把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语，将主格改为宾格。例如：All the people laughed at him.He was laughed at by all people.They make the bikes in the factory.The bikes are made by them in the factory.He cut down a tree.A tree was cut down by him.五、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动句变成被动句时，由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成，原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。We can repair this watch in two days.This watch can be repaired in two days.They should do it at once.It should be done at once.六、特殊情况1.He made the boy work for two hours yesterday.The boy was made to work by him for two hours yesterday.2.Mother never lets me watch TV .I am never let to watch TV by mother.3.Jack gave Peter a Christmas present just now.(1)A Christmas present was given to Peter by Jack just now.(2)Peter was given a Christmas present by Jack just now.延伸阅读：被动语态习题1 The People's Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949.A. foundB. was foundedC. is foundedD. was found2 English _ in Canada.A. speaksB. are spokenC. is speakingD. is spoken3 This English song_ by the girls after class.A. often singsB. often sangC. is often sangD. is often sung4 This kind of car _ in Japan.A, makesB. madeC. is makingD. is made5 New computers _ all over the world.A. is usedB. are usingC. are usedD. have used6.Our room must _ clean.A. keepB. be keptC. to be keptD. to keep7.I'd like to buy that coat.I'm sorry_.A. it soldB. it's sellingC. It's been soldD. it had been sold8.A new house _ at the corner of the road.A. is buildingB. is being builtC. been builtD. be building9.The key _ on the table when I left.A. was leftB. will be leftC. is leftD. has been left10.Doctors _ in every part of the world.A. needB. are needingC. are neededD. will needkey:1-5 B D D D C 6-10 B C B A C专心-专注-专业