uc抱压式大直径静压沉管灌注桩施工工法.doc

【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流uc抱压式大直径静压沉管灌注桩施工工法.精品文档.抱压式大直径静压沉管灌注桩施工工法工法编号：RJGF（闽）-72-2010完成单位：福建省九龙建设集团有限公司 厦门海升基础工程建设有限公司主要完成人：陈加才 洪子云 郭云程 游鸣朝 吴国来1 前 言1.0.1 目前在厦门及周边沿海地区的高层建筑基础形式应用较多的有静压预应力高强度混凝土管桩（PHC管桩）和沉管、冲孔灌注桩。PHC管桩具有单桩承载力较高，施工速度快，低噪音等优点，但PHC管桩尤其是在接桩部位易受沿海地区的地下水、盐碱土质腐蚀，且遇坚硬土层、孤石易出现断桩、爆桩等问题。灌注桩则易出现塌孔、缩颈、桩底沉渣（虚土）无法清理干净等问题。1.0.2 抱压式大直径静压沉管灌注桩结合了上述桩型的施工工艺，再加以综合改进。是通过静力压桩机以压桩机自重及配重作反力可将直径为600mm800mm的带钢制桩靴的钢套管采用抱压的形式压入地基土中，并在钢套管内放置钢筋笼再灌注混凝土后拔出钢套管形成桩体的一种成桩方法。1.0.3 按本工法施工的抱压式大直径静压沉管灌注桩不仅具有PHC管桩施工速度快，低噪音的优点，同时又具有承载力高，桩身质量稳定可靠，无接桩焊缝，抗腐蚀性强等优点。1.0.4 配备特制桩靴，保证孔内无沉渣。有效的震动装置，结合套管反插保证了砼灌注的密实。2 工法特点2.0.1 实用新型专利技术。本工法采用的抱压式大直径静压沉管灌注桩压桩机具有独立知识产权的实用新型专利技术。2.0.2 施工快捷、应用灵活。采用可螺旋连接的钢套筒，大大提高接桩效率，施工周期短，速度快；根据施工情况，参照地质资料，可灵活选择桩长、桩径，实现动态设计，节省投资。2.0.3 符合环保要求。采用抱压式大直径静压沉管灌注桩压桩机施工，噪音低、无泥浆污染。2.0.4 压桩能力强。采用特制桩尖，能够贯穿N63.5=3060击的中粗砂土层、全风化层进入强风化层、对直径在300600mm孤石存在的场地可正常施工。2.0.5 成桩质量可靠。在拔桩阶段开启独立震动装置，配合钢套筒间隔反插运动，成功解决大直径灌注桩混凝土浇捣不密实的问题，且无接桩焊缝，桩身抗腐蚀性强。2.0.6 承载力直观，有利于施工质量控制。压桩力是桩侧阻力和桩端阻力的综合反映。从终压力能预估单桩竖向承载力。本工法采用的压桩机具有数字化显示实时压桩力数据功能，可直观了解桩的承载力，有助于施工质量控制。2.0.7 施工机械化程度高，施工工况安全度高。3 适用范围对地质条件复杂、城市生活环境质量要求高和近海区域地下水具有腐蚀性的场地具有较强的适应能力。能够贯穿N63.5=3060击的中粗砂土层、全风化层进入强风化层、对直径在300600mm孤石存在的场地可正常施工。4 工艺原理本工法使用抱压式大直径静压沉管灌注桩压桩机，该设备具有沉管、拔管和震动功能，配备可快速螺旋对接和拆卸钢套管的装置，能便捷地将钢套管沉入和拔出。以压桩机自重及桩架上的配重作反力，采用抱压的形式将直径为600mm800mm，单节长度10米20米长可接管并配有特制钢桩靴的钢套管沉入地基土中，当进入所需持力层达到设计终压要求后进行验孔，放入钢筋笼，灌注混凝土，拔升桩管并间隔反插，采取超灌混凝土、加碎石增压的方法形成桩体。5 施工工艺流程及操作要点5.1 工艺流程抱压式大直径静压沉管灌注桩工程工艺流程见图5.1安全检查施工准备技术交底设备就位试沉桩第一节钢套就位桩管底端套钢板桩靴校验垂直度所需的钢筋、碎石进场场地平整及障碍物清理、放样定位设备进场静压沉桩（管）对接下节钢套管达终压条件放置钢筋笼灌注混凝土和测验加灌碎石并注水，拔管、间隔反插拆除钢套管拔管完毕、移机单桩施工资料汇总探孔（检查桩底有无进泥进水桩靴是否完好）开抱夹式振动机进行下一根桩的施工图5.1 工艺流程图5.2 操作要点5.2.1 施工准备工作1 组织进场作业班组人员，按计划工种、人数需要配备齐全。2 调查场地及场地周边可能影响施工或受施工影响的地下及地上管线、建（构）筑物及障碍物，并制定实施防挤、监测和预加固等措施。3 清理现场防碍施工的高空、地面和地下障碍物。4 整平压实施工范围内场地，应确保达到桩机行走和拨管作业要求。5 场地周围布置好排水系统，修建现场内临时道路。6 对施工现场的运输道路拓宽、加固、平整和验收。7 布置测量控制网、水准基点，按桩位图放线定位。轴线和桩位放样应经复核无误后才能施工。5.2.2 静压沉管施工1 设备进场后，应进行安装和调试，然后移机至试桩位处就位并调平。2 桩机的机架和配重总重应不小于预估最大压桩力的1.1倍。3 为验证及确定单桩承载力以及终压力控制标准，正式施工前应进行试沉桩。终压控制标准及桩长由建设、设计、监理和施工各单位共同确定，并形成文件（会议纪要）以指导工程施工。4 制定合理的施工顺序，遵循先中间后外围，先长桩后短桩的压桩顺序。5 桩管与钢桩靴的连接应牢固可靠。6 每个台班开工前或完工后应对钢套筒进行清理，保证管壁无混凝土附着，第一根桩压桩前应对套管内壁进行喷水湿润。7 第一节钢套就位后，应用经纬仪或吊锤线在两个相互正交方向检查桩管的垂直度。8 钢套管之间采用螺纹对接。操作夹桩箱夹住底部钢套管，用吊机吊入上节钢套管并垂直导入液压回转器的驱动套中。9 终压力和桩长达到终压控制要求后方可停止沉桩。观察压力所用的压力表等仪器设备应定期进行检定。10 终压控制标准应以终压力控制为主，桩长为辅。11 检查桩管内底部是否吞桩尖或进泥进水，如有则应清除。12 做好静压沉桩过程中施工记录，每根桩的施工记录均应包括每米的压桩力和终压力。5.2.3 钢筋笼制作与吊放1 钢筋笼按设计要求制作。应在地面专用台架上制作，焊接质量应符合标准规范要求，并按规定设置扶正装置（钢筋环）。2 搬动及吊放钢筋笼时，应合理设置多个钢筋笼受力点，以防变形。3 钢筋笼放入钢套管时要慢且稳，防止钢筋笼下部受压弯曲。5.2.4 灌注砼与拔管1 宜使用符合设计要求的预拌商品细石混凝土。2 根据施工条件，混凝土灌注可采用泵送或专用料斗。3 若用长桩管施工短桩时，如拔管允许，混凝土可以一次连续灌足。4 灌注后砼面应在桩顶设计标高以上。5 混凝土灌注完成后须加灌碎石至地面，碎石灌注完成后应进行注水至水面露出碎石面。6 灌注过程由专人看管开启震动锤，拔管时实行反插操作，保证桩身混凝土密实及保证桩径要求。7 当钢套管接头部位拔出到夹桩箱上表面时，开启转盘扳手进行钢套管脱节。8 拔管速度要均匀，严格控制拔管速度。9 做好砼灌注过程中各项施工记录。5.3 劳动力组织序号工种人数职 责1.项目负责人1项目总协调工作2.施工员2及时解决施工中出现的技术问题，作好各种原始记录3.指挥1各道工序指挥，及时组织力量排除施工中出现的故障4.桩机司机1压桩机的操作及日常维修保养5.吊机司机1吊机的操作及其日常维修保养6.电工1现场全套施工机械电器设备的安装和安全使用7.机修工1现场全套机械的正常运转和维修保养8.钢筋工4钢筋笼的绑扎及安装9.混凝土工2混凝土浇筑等10.一般工人2其它事务合 计166 材料与设备6.0.1 主要施工机械设备见表6.0.1。表6.0.1 主要施工机械设备表序号机具名称型号规格数量用途 / 备注1抱压式大直径静压沉管灌注桩压桩机ZYJ系列1台系该列分别有800T、900T、1000T等吨位2起重机QY251台装于压桩机上配套使用3电焊机BX1-300F-34台焊笼及维修4钢套管600-800mm3套灌注桩成孔5经纬仪J22台观测垂直度6全站仪BTS-802C1台测量放样7铅锤/2个观测垂直度6.0.2 ZYJ1000F型抱压式大直径静压沉管灌注桩压桩机主要技术参数项 目参数中位主压桩缸单独工作最大压桩力(24.1 Mpa)500tf 最大压桩速度(油压<16Mpa) 4.3 m/min最小压桩速度(油压一24.3 Mpa)1.34 m/min中位主副压桩缸同时工作最大压桩力(24.1Mpa)I000tf 最大压桩速度(油压<16Mpa)1.03 m/min最小压桩速度(油压=24.1Mpa)0.67 m/min正常压桩时的压桩行程(一次)(不装反顶横粱及反顶油缸)1.8m打沉管灌注桩时的压拔桩行程(一次) 1.25m边桩 最大压桩力(24.1Mpa)500 tf 行走能力纵向行程(一次)3.6 m横向行程(一次) 0.7 m转角(一次)8°行走速度 前进4.3 m/min 后退7.2 m/min左移4.3m/min右移6.2m/min升降行程1.1m单桩长度 >3m， <16m 接地比压(1000t时)长船15tf/m2 短船18.8 tf/ m2 正常压桩位边桩距离4580mm 配边桩器后边桩距离1000 mm角桩距离1530mm 7 质量控制7.0.1 桩靴质量允许偏差按表7.0.1执行：表7.0.1桩靴质量允许偏差序号项 目允许偏差（mm）检查频率检验方法1钢板厚度±1抽取总数的10%用钢尺2桩靴外径±10用钢尺3桩靴高度±10用钢尺4靴尖偏位±10用钢尺7.0.2 沉桩过程中钢套管垂直度应符合福建省工程建设标准建筑预应力混凝土管桩基础技术规程DBJ13-59-2004第5.2.3条管桩沉桩施工规定的要求。7.0.3 沉桩结束时应达到设计终压控制标准的要求。7.0.4 成桩质量验收应符合现行国家标准建筑地基基础工程施工质量验收规范GB50202-2002第5.6节的有关混凝土灌注桩质量检验规定的要求。8 安全措施8.0.1 认真贯彻“安全第一，预防为主”的方针，根据国家有关规定、条例，结合施工单位实际情况和工程的具体特点，对施工人员进行岗位安全、施工文明教育和安全技术交底，明确各级人员的职责，抓好工程的安全生产。8.0.2 施工现场按防火、防风、防雷、防触电等安全规定及安全施工要求进行布置，并设置各种安全标识。8.0.3 施工现场的临时用电严格按照施工现场临时用电安全技术规范的有关规范规定执行。8.0.4 实行三相五线制，各种电器设备应按规定接地接零，配电开关应设箱加锁，应一机一闸一漏电保护，熔丝与线路用电设备的实际负荷应相匹配，非生产时要切断电源并上锁。8.0.5 施工人员必须经过技术培训，取得合格证后方可上岗操作。8.0.6 进入现场人员必须戴安全帽，穿工作鞋，高空作业时必须系安全带。8.0.7 开工前各岗位操作人员必须检查设备情况，并应定期检查维护设备的正常运行情况。8.0.8 施工场地应整平压实，确保坡度和表层地基土承载力满足桩机正常行走和作业要求。8.0.9 桩机配重应满足压桩力的要求，防止浮机，在施工中，出现浮机现象时，应使桩机先回位，然后再继续施工。8.0.10 压桩力不得超过压桩机的额定压桩力。8.0.11 桩机与高压电线应保持一定安全施工距离。8.0.12 应严格按照安全操作规程进行开机检查、上下机器、移机、正常作业及定期保养，确保机械处于正常状态，严禁带病工作。8.0.13 桩机移动或回转范围内、配重下方、起重机周围及起重臂回转范围内严禁站人；作业时应设围栏和标志，非作业人员要离开桩机10m以外；作业人员不得靠近桩机底座的升降部位。8.0.14 桩机行走、回转或大幅度升降时，地面应有专人观察、配合的指挥。8.0.15 保护电缆不被碾压，不得被障碍物缠绕和阻挠，也不能被其它物体覆盖。8.0.16 施工后沉桩孔口应及时加盖或回填。8.0.17 钢筋笼应严格按照起吊方案标识的吊点位置进行吊放。吊放时应有专人指挥，严禁超负荷吊装、严禁在地上拖拉。8.0.18 当需要人员乘专用吊笼下到桩底检查作业时，应有通风设施并在桩管口设专人联络监护。8.0.19 严格遵守桩基施工其它安全生产规定。9 环保措施9.0.1 严格执行建筑施工现场环境与卫生标准等国家和地方政府下发的有关环境保护的法律、法规和规章，加强对施工燃油、工程材料、设备、废水、生产生活垃圾、弃渣的控制和治理，遵守有关防火及废弃物处理的规章制度，做好交通环境疏导，充分满足便民要求，认真接受城市交通管理，随时接受相关单位的监督检查。9.0.2 将施工场地和作业区限制在工程建设允许的范围内，合理布置、规范围挡，做到标牌清楚、齐全，各种标识醒目，施工场地整洁文明。9.0.3 对施工中可能影响到的各种公共设施制定可靠的防止损坏和移位的实施措施，做好施工中的监测、应急措施。同时，将相关方案和要求向全体施工人员详细交底。9.0.4 采取设立隔音墙、隔音罩等消音措施降低施工噪音到允许值以下，同时尽可能避免夜间施工扰民。9.0.5 对施工场地内道路进行硬化，洒水降尘，防止尘土飞扬，污染周围环境。10 效益分析10.0.1 提高了施工环境效益。本工法采用的抱压式大直径静压沉管灌注桩压桩机先进环保，既避免了使用柴油锤或液压锤锤击沉管时产生的噪音，且在施工场地内不造成冲孔灌注桩产生的泥浆污染。10.0.2 节省建设投资。采用本工法可根据建设情况，参照地质资料，灵活选择桩长、桩径，实现动态设计，节约成本。10.0.3 缩短工期，提高施工质量。本工法使用可接长钢套管沉桩，钢套管采用螺纹旋接，现场操作快捷，压桩速度快，每台机可完成10-15根/天，施工工期短。压桩能力强，有效地保证了桩管到达设计持力层，在砼灌注拔套管阶段开启独立震动装置，配合钢套筒间隔反插运动，成功解决大直径灌注桩混凝土浇捣不密实的问题，且无接桩焊缝，桩身抗腐蚀性强，成桩质量可靠。11 应用实例11.0.1 龙泉华庭一期：漳州市龙泉华庭一期工程，开工日期2008年10月12日，工期90天。基础采用抱压式静压沉管灌注桩，施工机械为ZYJ1000F型静力沉管灌注压桩机。一标段桩径700mm，桩数850根，桩长1530m，混凝土强度为C35，单桩竖向抗压极限承载力为6600KN；桩径600mm，桩数981根，桩长1525m，混凝土强度为C35，单桩竖向抗压极限承载力为4400KN。二标段桩径700mm，桩数246根，桩长1530m，混凝土强度为C35，单桩竖向抗压极限承载力为6600KN；桩径600mm，桩数809根，桩长1525m，混凝土强度为C35，单桩竖向抗压极限承载力为4400KN。静载实验结果符合国家规范要求。11.0.2 龙泉华庭二期：漳州市龙泉华庭二期工程，位于漳州市角美新城区仁和路和洪岱路交汇处，开工日期2009年12月23日，工期65天。基础采用抱压式静压沉管灌注桩，施工机械为ZYJ1000F型静力沉管灌注压桩机。桩径700mm，桩数780根，桩长3542m，混凝土强度为C35，单桩竖向抗压极限承载力为6000KN；桩径600mm，桩数344根，桩长2236m，混凝土强度为C35，单桩竖向抗压极限承载力为4800KN。静载实验结果符合国家规范要求。11.0.3 金山湖景大厦：金山湖景大厦桩基工程，位于厦门市湖边花园片区，开工日期2010年03月11日，竣工日期2010年04月20日。基础采用静压沉管灌注桩。施工机械为ZYJ1000F型静力沉管灌注压桩机，总桩数190根，混凝土强度C35，桩径700mm，桩长3544m，单桩承载力为6500KN。静载实验抽取3根，沉降量1429mm，符合国家规范要求。11.0.4 佳鑫花园：厦门市海沧区佳鑫花园桩基工程，开工日期2009年6月20日，工期90天。基础采用抱压式静压沉管灌注桩，施工机械为ZYJ1000F型静力沉管灌注压桩机。一标段桩径700mm，桩数217根，桩长1530m，混凝土强度为C35，单桩竖向抗压极限承载力为6600KN；桩径600mm，桩数981根，桩长1525m，混凝土强度为C35，单桩竖向抗压极限承载力为4400KN。二标段桩径700mm，桩数246根，桩长1530m，混凝土强度为C35，单桩竖向抗压极限承载力为6600KN；桩径600mm，桩数809根，桩长1525m，混凝土强度为C35，单桩竖向抗压极限承载力为4400KN。静载实验结果符合国家规范要求。（英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental