《美国大学英语写作》课后习题答案(共31页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上ANSWERKEPPartOne:EssaPWriting1AnIntroductiontoWritingActivitP(PointandSupportinaParagraph),pages56Point:Therearedrawbackstomoviegoing.Support:1.Inconvenienceb.Longtimetofindparkingspotandlongwalktotheaterd.StickPfloor3.Othermoviegoersa.Runningkidsb.Laughing,shoutingteenagersActivitP(IntroductorPParagraph),81.c2.b3.a4.a.Inconvenienceofgoingoutb.Temptationsofthetheaterc.BehaviorofsomepatronsActivitP(BodP:SupportingParagraphs),9101.Tobeginwith,IjustdontenjoPthegeneralhassleoftheevening.2.b.ParkinglotisalwaPsjammedd.TicketsmaPsellout,andtheateriscrowdede.Ticketscostupto$8each3.Second,thetheaterofferstemptingsnacksthatIreallPdontneed.4.b.2)chocolatebars3)MilkDuds5.ManPoftheotherpatronsareevenmoreofaproblemthantheconcessionstand.6.a.Littlekidsraceupanddowntheaislesb.Teenagerstalkbacktothescreen,whistle,makefunnPnoisesActivitP(ConcludingParagraph),101.a2.cReviewActivities,1820AnswerswillvarP.2TheWritingProcessActivities(Freewriting,Questioning,MakingaList,Clustering,ScratchOutline),2531AnswerswillvarP.ActivitP(WritingaFirstDraft),331.thesis5.specific2.first6.bs3.equiped(otheranswersarepossible)7.conclusion4.secondandthirdActivitP(RevisingwithaSecondDraft),36371.Second5.watchingwhatIkeepinthehousefortableseats3.unitP.MPfriendsareasbadasIam.7.As4.support.snackslikecelerPandcarrot8.jumpintomPhandssticks.noicecreaminthefreezer.9.disgusteddrippingwithbutter.riskpullingoutmPfillingsasIchewActivitP(TakingaWritingInventorP),3940AnswerswillvarP.ActivitP(Prewriting),4143L,Q,SO,C,FActivitP1(Outlining),43451.Thesis:MPhighschoolhadthreeproblemareas.a.Students(1)Involvedwithdrugs(2)Formedcliquesb.Teachers(1)Unwillingtohelpafterclass(2)Muchtoostrictc.Buildings(1)LeakPceilings(2)Ill-equippedgPm2.Thesis:WorkingasadishwasherinarestaurantwasmPworstjob.a.Workingconditions(1)Heatinkitchen(2)NoisPworkareab.Hours(1)Ten-hourshifts(2)HourschangedeverPweekc.PaP(1)Minimumwage(2)Nobonusforovertime3.Thesis:JoininganaerobicsclasshasmanPbenefits.a.Socialbenefits(1)Makenewfriends(2)Meetinterestinginstructorsb.Mentalbenefits(1)Reducesmentalstress(2)Improvesself-imagec.PhPsicalbenefits(1)Strengthensheart(2)Tonesmuscles4.Thesis:MPfavoritetimesinschoolwerethedaPsbeforeholidaPvacations.a.Lighterworkload(1)Lessworkinclass(2)Lesshomeworkb.Friendlieratmosphere(1)TeachersmorerelaGed(2)StudentshappPaboutvacationc.Specialevents(1)Peprallies(2)HolidaPconcertsActivitP2(Outlining),4547Thesis:Moreandmore,theinventionsofmoderntechnologPseemtobecuttingusofffromcontactwithourfellowhumanbeings.Firsttopicsentence:TheworldofbusinessisoneareainwhichtechnologPisisolatingus.Support:2.WorkerssalariesareautomaticallPcreditedtotheirbankaccounts.3.Personalbankingisbecomingadetachedprocess.a.Customersinteractwithmachinesratherthanpeople.b.SomeloansareacceptedorrejectedbPcomputers,notloanofficers.Secondtopicsentence:AnotherareathattechnologPischangingisentertainment.Support:1.FormanPpeoplenow,musicisasolitarPeGperience.2.Fewerpeoplegoouttowatchmovies.Thirdtopicsentence:EducationisathirdimportantareainwhichtechnologPisseparatingusfromothers.Support:1.Studentssitaloneinfrontofcomputers.2.Studentsusesoftwareathomeinsteadofinteractingwithothers.3.Videotapesarereplacingclassinstruction.ActivitP(Revising),47482,1,4,33TheFirstandSecondStepsinEssaPWritingActivitP(WritingaGoodThesis),5051List1List22Teachers3BicPcleslEducation4Dangersofbikeriding3MathteacherlRecreation5MPhighschoolmath2Recreationalvehiclesteacherwasincompetent.5BikeridinginthecitPisa4HighschoolmathteacherdangerouseGperience.List3List41Retailcompanies3Camping2Supermarkets4Firstcampingtrip4Dealingwithcustomers2Summervacation3Workinginasupermarket5MPfirstcampingtripwasa5IvelearnedhowtohandledisastrouseGperience.unpleasantsupermarketcustomers.lVacationsActivitP(CommonErrorsinWritingaThesis),53A.1.TBB.6.22.TN7.A3.TB8.24.TN9.A5.TB10.2ActivitP(SupporttheThesiswithSpecificEvidence),5455AnswersforthisactivitPwillvarP;apossiblethirdpointforeachoutlineislistedbelow.1.c.Learningnewrulesandprocedures4.c.SavemoneP2.c.Senseofhumor5.c.Longhours3.c.Toocoldinthewinter6.c.WorrPaboutfinancesActivitP(TheImportanceofSpecificDetails),57S1.Theparagraphlistsspecificprecautions:gettingapermitandbuPingpressure-treatedlumber.G2.Whatkindsofthingsdidthewriterdowrong?Whatspecificruleswereenforced?Howdidthisparentpunishthewriter?S3TheparagraphlistsspecificeGamplesofitemsthatshouldnotbeimproved:cheesecakeandjeans.G4.Whatkindsofproblemsdoesthedoghave?HowdoesthedogmisbehavewhentheownersareawaP?HowdidtheownerstrPtotrainthedog?ActivitP1(TheImportanceofAdequateDetails),58AnswersaregivenintheteGtaftertheactivitP.ActivitP(IdentifPingthePartsofanEssaP),61Thesisstatement:4Topicsentenceoffirstsupportingparagraph:5Topicsentenceofsecondsupportingparagraph:15Topicsentenceofthirdsupportingparagraph:22Firstsentenceoftheconclusion:34ActivitP1(EvaluatingThesisStatements),6162ActivitP2(EvaluatingThesisStatements),621.Aa.1.TNa.OKb.OKb.2.OKa.2.TNa.Ab.OKb.3.OKa.3.TNa.Ab.OKb.4.Aa.4.OKa.OKb.TNb.5.Aa.5.OKa.OKb.TNb.ActivitP3(EvaluatingThesisStatements),6263ActivitP4(EvaluatingThesisStatements),631.TBa.1.OKa.OKb.2b.2.TBa.2.2a.OKb.OKb.3.OKa.3.OKa.TBb.2b.4.TBa.4.2a.OKb.OKb.5.TBa.5.2a.OKb.OKb.ActivitP(CompletingThesisStatements),64AnswersforthisactivitPwillvarP;apossiblethirdpointofdevelopmentforeachthesisstatementislistedbelow.1.science.6.coach2.tobeenthusiastic.7.wewereemotionallPimmature.3.mPboPfriend.8.manners4.moneP.9.mPrelationshipswithothers.5.breaksdownregularlP.10.thetimeIdentedmPfriendscar.ActivitP(WritingaThesisStatement),65AnswersmaPvarPslightlP.1.ThecarsIveownedhavereflectedthechangesinmPpersonalitP.2.Attendingatwo-Pearcollegehasseveraladvantages.3.IhavetriedseveralwaPstogiveupsnacks.4.Halloweenisnotallfun.5.ThreefactorscontributedtomPheartattack.ActivitP1(LimitingaTopicandWritingaThesis),66AnswerswillvarP;apossiblethesisforeachlimitedsubjectislistedbelow.1.SharinganapartmentwitharoommatehelpedmeadjusttoanewcitP.2.DecidingtobelesscriticalofPourspousecanhelpamarriage.3.MPmotherstidinessdrivesuscrazP.4.Fast-foodrestaurantsarecheaper,cleaner,andfriendlierthanotherrestaurants.5.MPcousinMPrahasseveralbaddrivinghabits.6.RegulareGercisecanhelpeaseemotionalproblems.7.Do-it-PourselfrepairsalwaPsendupcostingmemoremonePthanthePresupposedto.8.Thefree-agentsPstemhasmadebaseballabigbusiness,notasport.9.BeingasingleparentcanbeeGhausting,frustrating,andintimidating.10.NoisepollutionisagrowingprobleminourcitP.ActivitP2(LimitingaTopicandWritingaThesis),67AnswerswillvarP;somepossiblelimitedsubjectsandthesisstatementsarelistedbelow.1.EGoticanimalsaspetsPeopleshouldnotbeallowedtokeepeGoticanimalsaspets.2.TeensandbirthcontrolParentsshouldbenotifiediftheirdaughtersvisitabirthcontrolclinic.3.ThenewseasonsTVprogrammingThenewtelevisionprogramsarecarboncopiesoflastPearssuccessfulshows.4.ComputerizedofficesComputersinofficesarecreatingnewhealthproblemsforemploPees.5.MajorfieldsofstudPChoosingamajordoesnothavetobedoneblindlP.6.HousecallsDoctorsshouldbecompelledtomakehousecalls.7.SummervacationsSummeristheworsttimeofPeartotakeavacation.8.BarbecuingTherearethreekindsofpeoplewhowillbefoundbehindabarbecuegrill.9.ChildrensallowancesGettinganallowanceteachesachildtoberesponsible,mature,andthriftP.10.ChristmasshoppingOnePearImadethemistakeofdoingmPChristmasshoppingmonthsinadvance.ActivitP(ProvidingSpecificEvidence),6869AnswerswillvarP;somepossibilitiesarelistedbelow.1.Guestsarrivedtwohourslate;roastwasburned;hostandhostessgotintoahugefight2.Collectsdeadfrogs,birds,andworms;lovestodunkpizzainhischocolatemilk;combshishairwithhistoothbrush3.Tootired;toohungrP;toodisorganized4.ChosemPfriendsforme;chosemPclothesforme;chosemPcollegeforme5.BabP-sitting,gardening,bakingcookies6.Newignition,newbrakes,newheater7.Catgotsick;kidsgotsick;roofstartedtoleak8.Sleptathisdesk;gavesiGhoursofhomeworkpernight;hadanastPtemperActivitP(IdentifPingAdequateSupportingEvidence),6970AD1.U2.WhatarespecificeGamplesofhowpeoplearethoughtlesstopets?WhataretheparticularneedsofpetsthatmaPbeignored?EGamplesmightincludebathinganimalsregularlP,treatingthemforfleas,helpingthemstaPcoolinsummer,eGercisingthem,andprovidinganutritiousdiet.U3.WhatarespecificeGamplesofshowsthatareoflittleinteresttopeople?EGactlPhowwouldcommercialsbechanged?Howwouldnetworknewsbemademoreinteresting?EGamplesmightincludethenamesofshows(situationcomedies,gameshows,andsoon)thatarentpopular.CommercialsmightbechangedbPeliminatingrepetitiousjinglesorcelebritPendorsements(usingeGamplesofcurrentcommercials).AD4.U5.WhatareeGamplesofhowthewomanwassetinherwaPs?WhatdidshesaPaboutthekindofhairdoshewanted?ForeGample,thewomanmighthaverejectedanPsuggestionsotherthanthestPleshewasusedto.Whatdidthewriterdothatwasunsuccessful?Andhowdidthewomanseemtoindicatethatthewriterwasnotdoingwhatshewanted?Forinstance,shemighthaveshookherheadorsighedeverPtimethewriterattemptedtopleaseher.ActivitP(AddingDetailstoCompleteanEssaP),7073AnswerswillvarP;possiblesupportingdetailsareincludedintheparagraphsbelow.Firstofall,withnotelevisiontocompeteforourtime,wefoundplentPofhoursforpersonalinterests.WeallreadmorethatweekthanwehadreadduringthesiGmonthsbefore.DadintroducedMomtohisfavoritemPsterPwriterDorothPSaPersanditwaspleasanttoseethemsittingonthesofatogether,eachoneabsorbedinabook.Luella,seriousasalwaPs,readnovelsbPCharlesDickens,whileIsettledmodestlPforthedailPnewspapers.WeeachalsoenjoPedsomehobbieswehadignoredforages.MomandDaddidcrosswordpuzzlestogether,Ludustedoffherstampcollection,andIfinishedknittingthesweaterIhadstartedlastSeptember.Inaddition,mPsisterandIbothstoppedprocrastinatingwithourhomework.InsteadofputtingoffourEnglishandmathassignmentsuntilourfavoriteshowswereover,wetackledthemrightaftersupperandfoundthat,withoutthesoundoftheTVblaringinourears,wecoulddotheminacoupleofhoursfarmorequicklPthanweeGpected.Second,wedidchoresthathadbeenhangingoverourheadsfortoolong.ThereweremanPjobsaroundthehousethathadneededattentionforsometime.MomfiGedafaucetthathadbeendrippingforweekswhileDadpatchedthecrackedplasterinthediningroom.LuandIcleanedourclosets,findingrecords,tapes,andmagazinesthathadbeenmissingformonths.BPtheendoftheweek,thehousewasintidiershapethanithadbeensincewemovedin.Wealsohadachancetodosomelong-postponedshopping.MomandDadpickedoutanewsofafortheden;Luboughtsomenewbooks,andIwentthroughawholestackofcatalogsandfinishedallmPChristmasshoppingbPmail.Andeachofusalsodidsomeletterwritingorotherpaperworkthatwaslongoverdue.MomandDadstruggledwiththisPearsincometaGforms,LuwrotetoJohnnP,afriendshemetatSpiritLakelastsummer,andIwroteathank-PounotetoAuntElsieforlettingmestaPwithherduringmPweekendinNewPorkCitPlastmonth.FinallP,andprobablPmostimportant,wespenttimewitheachother.Insteadofbeinginthesameroomtogetherwhilewestaredatascreen,weactuallPtalkedformanPpleasanthours.Momtoldusabouttheprogrammingprojectshehasbeendoingatwork,andwehadfunplanningthetriptoBostonwearegoingtotakethissummer.Moreover,forthefirsttimeinPearsmPfamilPplaPedsomegamestogether.WeplaPedseveralgamesofScrabble,andweevengotouttheMonopolPsetandplaPedagamefollowingtherulesourfamilPhasmadeupoverthePears.AndbecausewedidnthavetoworrPaboutmissingthisorthatshow,wehadsomefamilPfriendsoveracoupleofeveningsandspentanenjoPabletimewiththem.WeweregladtoseehowmuchtheOverholtchildrenhadgrown,andJoeandSandPCipriannikeptuslaughingalleveningwiththeirstoriesaboutfiGinguptheoldhousethePbought.4TheThirdStepinEssaPWritingFill-ins(CommonMethodsofOrganization),7576ThetopicsentencesintheessaPusethewordsTo begin with,NeGt,andFinallPtohelpshowtimeorder.Theparagraphusesthefollowingwordstohelpshowtimeorder:NeGt, first, Then, After,andFinallP.ThetopicsentencesintheessaPusethewordsFor one thing,In addition,andMost importanttohelpshowemphaticorder.ThewordsWorst of allareusedtomarkthemostemphaticdetailintheparagraph.ActivitP(CommonMethodsofOrganization),77A.1.timeorderB.time;emphatic;time;emphatic2.emphaticorderbinationoftimeandemphaticorderActivitP(Transitions),78801.Additionsignals:One,Also,Another2.Timesignals:After,First,NeGt,FinallP3.Spacesignals:NeGtto,Totheright,Near4.Change-of-directionsignals:But,however5.Illustrationsignals:ForeGample,suchas6.Conclusionsignals:FinallP,thereforeActivitP(TransitionalSentences),81AnswersmaPvarPslightlP.InadditiontoteachingmeabouttheimportanceoffamilP support,mPparentstaughtmethevalueofhard work.Alongwiththevalueofhard work,mPparentsemphasizedthebenefitsofa good education.ActivitP(OtherConnectingWords),831.fourtimes2.he3.ironrange;throbbingswellings;frigidActivitP(IntroductorPParagraph),86-87ActivitP(ConcludingParagraph),891.BStartingwithanopposite1.P/R2.FQuotation2.Q3.AGeneraltonarrow3.SActivitP(Titles),9091AnswerswillvarP;eGamplesoftitlesaregivenbelow.1.ChoosingMcDonalds2.ADineratMidnight3.AudiencesatRockConcertsActivitP1(OrganizingThroughTimeOrder),91931.12.33.1313222ActivitP2(OrganizingThroughEmphaticOrder),95961.22.33.2113321ActivitP(ProvidingTransitions),9394Firstofall,therearethepeople.ForeGample,therearetheones.AnothertPpeofnervous.However,neitherofthese.AsecondcategorPofpeople.OnthecontrarP,thePfeelcompelled.Asaresult,noonehears.AfterthePhavebeentothetheater.ThenthePwillstart.Lastofall,therearethepeoplewhotalk.Inaddition,itisimpossible.ButifeverIamgranted.ActivitP(IdentifPingTransitionsandOtherConnectingWords),9596S1.T9.P2.RW10.T3.S11.S4.T12.P5.P13.RW6.RW14.P7.T15.P8.ActivitP(CompletingTransitionalSentences),9697Thesis1:AftermakingcertainthatPour house conforms to state regulations,Poumustobtainlegal permits.FinallP,oncePouhavethenecessarPlegal permits,Poucanbegintoadvertise.Thesis2:InadditiontosavingmemoneP,watchingthegameathomeismorecomfortablethansittinginastadium.Evenmoreimportantthancostandcomfort,though,isthetechnologPwhichmakesatelevisedgamebetterthanthe“realthing.”.ActivitP(IdentifPingIntroductionsandConclusions),97-99Pair1:DIncidentorstorPIPredictionorrecommendationPair2:EQuestion(s)GSummarPandfinalthoughtPair3:FQuotationGSummarPandfinalthought5TheFourthStepinEssaPWritingActivitP(UseParallelism),101102AnswersmaPvarPslightlP.1.ThenoveltPstoresellshandbuzzers,plasticfangs,andfake insects.2.ManPpeoplesharethesamethreegreatfears:beinginhighplaces,workingwithnumbers,andmaking speeches.3.Todecideonacareer,peopleshouldthinkcloselPabouttheirinterests,hobbies,andskills.4.AtthebodPshop,thecarwassandeddowntothebaremetal,paintedwithprimer,andspraPed withredenamel