2005年北京师范大学考博英语真题.doc

2005年北京师范大学考博英语真题English Entrance Examination for Non-English Major Doctoral CandidatesMarch 26,2005. Listening Comprehension (20 points)Section ADirections: There are five statements in this section. Each statement will be spoken only once. When you hear a statement, read the four choices given and choose the one which is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard by marking the corresponding letter A, B, C and D on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.1.A. The researcher was careless in performing this experiment.B. The researcher tried to think of problems before they happened.C. Before performing the experiment, the researcher was very nervous.D. Before performing the experiment, the researcher was very tired.2.A. The speaker used a soft, low voice.B. The speaker didnt seem to care much about what he was saying.C. The speaker was focused and spoke with great passion.D. The speaker used long. Complicated sentences.3.A. Language changes very slowly.B. Language changes very quickly.C. Language changes over fifty year periods.D. Language changes over ten year periods.4. A. Southern France has never known severe winters.B. In northern France, one can live in comfort all the year round.C. In general, the French people enjoy a mild climate.D. People in southern France often experience severe winters.5. A. Fiona is not afraid to give a presentation now.B. Fionas fever is gone just before the presentation.C. Fiona will hear about the final speech.D. Fiona will come over to the conference.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear ten short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D on your test paper, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWERR SHEET with a single line through the centre.6. A. Korean food.B. Chinese food.C. Italian food.D. Indian food.7. A. Both of them have overcome their fear of heights.B. The woman is still afraid of high places. But the man is not.C. They are both afraid of high places.D. Both of them like to stand on high places.8. A. She cant wear them any more.B. She doesnt like them any more.C. She cant wash them in machine any more.D. She doesnt like casual dress any more.9. A. March 3td.B. March 12th.C. March 29th.D. March 30th.10. A. Being private versus being alone.B. Being alone versus being with friends.C. Being a guest versus being a host.D. Being lonely versus being alone.11. A. She liked it.B. She disliked it.C. She had no idea about it.D. She hadnt heard about it.12. A. The insurance company is worried that they might have to pay a lot of money.B. The insurance company sees a chance to give the man lots of physical tests.C. The insurance company is the first to pay for a mans genetic diseases.D. The insurance company does not know how many children the man will have.13. A. A long and difficult trip through poor countries.B. A chance to learn new language and make money.C. An adventure in learning about a different culture.D. An adventure that combines a vacation with a rest.14. A. He will not accept a late paper from her.B. Her is interested only in her ideas.C. He wants her to correct her paper.D. He will accept a late paper from her.15. A. He will have his operation at 9 oclock.B. He is under operation now.C. He already had his operation.D. He is all right now.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a talk about moving to a new campus. Look at statements 16 through 20 for this part on your test paper and decide if each statement is correct. While you are listening, if you think the statement is correct based on the talk, mark letter A on your ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre. If you think it is not correct, mark letter B on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the centre.16. All agriculture science students will stay where they are.17. Some history teachers will move immediately to the new campus.18. Engineering staff has already made their move.19. Part of the Faculty of Law is in its new building.20. The former Law building may become an art gallery. Reading Comprehension (25 points)Directions: There are five passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Chose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.1A weather map is an important tool for geographers. A succession of three or four maps present a continuous picture of weather changes. Weather forecasters are able to determine the speed of air masses and fronts; to determine whether an individual pressure area is deepening or becoming shallow and whether a front is increasing or decreasing in intensity. They are also able to determine whether an air mass is retaining its original characteristics or taking on those of the surface over which it is moving. Thus, a most significant function of the map is to reveal a synoptic picture of conditions in the atmosphere at a given time.All students of geography should be able to interpret a weather map accurately. Weather maps contain？ an enormous amount of information about weather conditions existing at the time of abservation over a large geographical area. They reveal in a few minutes what otherwise would take hours to describe. The United States Weather Bureau issues information about approaching storms, floods, droughts and all climatic conditions in general. Twice a month it issues a 30-day “outlook” which is a rough guide to weather conditions likely to occur over broad areas of the United States. These 30-day outlooks are based upon an analysis of the upper air level which often set the stage for the development of air masses fronts and storms.Considerable effort is being exerted today to achieve more accurate weather predictions. With the use of electronic instruments and earth satellites, enormous gains have taken place recently in identifying and tracking storms over regions which have but few meteorological stations. Extensive experiments are also in progress for？ weather modification studies.21. One characteristic of weather maps NOT mentioned by the author in this passage is .A. fronts？ B. changes in temperature C. frost？ D. wind speed22. The 30-day forecast is determined by examining ？.A. daily weather maps B. upper air levelsC. satellite reports D. changing fronts23. The observation of weather conditions by satellites is advantageous because it .A. is modern and profitable for the companies involvedB. uses electronic instruments to measure the weather on a daily basisC. enables man to easily alter the weather to his advantage and profitD. gives the scientists information not obtained readily otherwise24. At the present time, experiments are being conducted in .A. manipulating weather B. determining density of pressure groupsC. satellites D. controlling storms25. A weather map is synoptic because it？ .A. summarizes a great deal of informationB. appears dailyC. shows changing frontsD. can be interpreted accurately2With only a bout 1,000 pandas left in the world, China is desperately trying to clone the animal and save the endangered species. Thats a move similar to what a Texas A&M University researcher has been undertaking for the past five years in a project called “Noahs Ark”.Dr. Duane Kraemer, a professor in Texas A&Ms College of Veterinary Medicine and a pioneer in embryo transfer work and related procedures, said he salutes the Chinese effort and “I wish them all the best success possible. Its a worthwhile project, certainly not an easy one, and its very much like what were attempting here at Texas A&M-to save animals from extinction.”Noahs Ark is aimed at collecting eggs, embryos, semen and DNA of endangered animals and storing them in liquid nitrogen. If certain species should become extinct, Kraemer says there would be enough of the basic building blocks to reintroduce the species in the future.It is estimated that as many as 2,000 species of mammals, birds and reptiles will become extinct over the next 100 years. The panda. Native only to China, is in danger of becoming extinct in the next 25 years.This week, Chinese scientists said they grew an embryo by introducing cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white while rabbit. They are now trying to implant the embryo into a host animal.The entire procedure could take from three to five years to complete.“The nuclear transfer of one species to another is not easy, and the lack of available panda eggs could be a major problem,” Kraemer believes. “They will probably h ave to do sevcral hundred transfers to result in one pregnancy. It takes a？ long time and its difficult, but this could be groundbreaking science if it works. They are certainly not putting any live pandas at risk, so it is worth the effort,” adds Kraemer, who is one of the leaders of the Missyplicity Project at Texas A&M, the first-ever attempt at cloning a dog.“They are trying to do something thats never been done, and this very similar to our work in Noahs Ark. Were both trying to save animals that face extinction. I certainly applaud their effort and theres a lot we can learn from what they are attempting to do. Its a rescarch that is very much needed.”26. The aim of “Noahs Ark” project is to .A. salute the Chinese efforts in saving pandasB. implant embryo into a host animalC. introduce cells from a dead female panda into the egg cells of a Japanese white rabbitD. save endangered animals from extinction27. How long will the Chinese panda-cloning project take according to the passage?A. 3 to 5 years. B. 1 year.？ C. 25 years. D. 2 years.28. The word “groundbreaking” (Paragraph 7) can be interpreted as .A. pioneering B. essentially newC. epoch-making？ D. evolutionary29. What could be the major problem in cloning pandas according to Professor Kraemer?A. Lack of host animals.B. Lack of available panda eggs.C. Lack of funds.D. Lack of qualified researchers.30. The best title for the passage may be .A. Chinas Efforts to Clone PandasB. China-the Native Place of Pandas ForeverC. Exploring the Possibility to Clone PandasD. Chinas First Cloned Panda3St. Paul has transformed soaring energy costs into a golden opportunity for economic development by putting the final touches on plans to:1. Build the nations first system that will heat all major downtown buildings with waste heat now being dumped into the Mississippi River by electric utilities.2. Create a &9-million “energy bank” to lend money to improve the energy efficiency of homes at low 9-to-11-percent interest rates.3. Construct the nations first “energy park”. The area will include only those commercial, residential, and industrial facilities that are doing something energy-related. More than & 150-million worth of commitments has already been lined up.These developments did not just happen. They resulted when Mayor George Latimer asked volunteers to chart a new future for a city that is twice as cold as New York. “We cannot any longer look to foreign nations, old companies or the federal government to solve our energy crisis,” Latimer told his constituents. “We must look to ourselves to find the answers.”31. The reason why these developments did not happen before was (that)？ .A. the city imported enough foreign oil for its major downtown buildingsB. the federal government didnt approve the necessary money for the constructionC. not givenD. St. Paul is colder than New York32. St. Paul .A. is located on the bank of the Mississippi RiverB. has got a new mayor recentlyC. is looking for the best approaches to solving its energy shortageD. is lending money for commercial, residential and industrial purposes33. The plans .A. were drawn by Mayor George LatimerB. were only for St. Pauls major downtown buildingsC. were created by volunteers when they were asked to offer their ideasD. were turning a golden opportunity into economic development34. Which of the following facilities are/is NOT energy-related?A. Shops or supermarkets.B. A computer center or a factory.C. Private homes.D. Advertisement boards.35. Judging from what Mayor Latimer said, we are sure that？ .A. these developments will some day become trueB. foreign nations and oil companies are not reliableC. the future of St. Paul is quite uncertainD. high energy costs will soon be eliminated4Ideas about “spoiling” children have always involved consideration of just what is a spoiled child. Haw does spoiling occur, and what are the consequences of spoiling; they have always included concepts of a childs nature and concepts of the ideal child and the ideal adult.The many mothers of the 1820s who belonged to the early “maternal associations” struggled to uphold the ideals about child raising that had been prevalent in the 18th century. They had always been told that the spoiled child stood in danger of having trouble later in life (when exposed to all the temptations of the world) and, more importantly, stood in danger of spiritual ruin.At first, the only approach these mothers knew was to “break the will” of the child. This approach, coming initially from the theology of Calvin, the French Protestant reformer, was inherited from the stern outlook of the Puritans. As one mother wrote. “No child has ever been known, since the earliest period of the world, destitute of an evil disposition-however sweet it appears.” Infant depravity, by which was meant the childs impulses, could be curbed only by breaking the will so that the child submitted completely to parental guidance.In 1834, a mother described this technique: Upon the fathers order, her 16-month-old daughter had refused to say “Dear Mama” so the toddler was left alone in a room where she screamed wildly for ten minutes. After the ten minutes, the child was commanded again, and again she refused, so she was whipped and ordered again. This continued for four hours until the child finally obeyed. Parents commonly reported that after one such trial of “will”, the child became permanently submissive. In passing, we can note that knowledge about a childs “No” period might have moderated the disciplining of little children and the application of the saying “Spare the rod and spoil the child”.By freeing the child from its evil nature, parents believed they could then guide the child into acquiring the right character