仁爱版八年级下英语第五六单元知识点总结(共6页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上八年级下册5-6单元知识的总结UNIT 5 Topic 1语法：主系表结构。主语+系动词+表语（形容词），系动词：be(is am are), look, sound, taste, smell, feel, turn, get, become, go, seem等。例句：You look excited. / They are lucky./ He seems a little unhappy./ It tastes delicious.词，词组的用法：invite:“邀请” , invite sb. to do sth. : 邀请某人做某事 invite sb. to +地点 : 邀请某人去哪里say thanks to : 向道谢 one of +可数名词复数：中的一个以-ed 结尾的形容词表示“感到的”，修饰人，以-ing结尾的形容词表示“令人的”，修饰物。 这样的词有：excited/exciting, surprised/surprising, interested/interesting等None：“（三者或三者以上）都不”, 表示全部否定，可与of 连用。None of.做主语时，谓语动词习惯用单数，也可以用复数。What a shame!=what a pity! 真遗憾！ a ticket to/ for: .的票/入场券Seem 的用法：seem + adj. seem to do: eg: She seems to think so. 她似乎认为如此。 Seem+ that从句 eg: It seems that they know everything.他们好像知道一切 Seem to be ： eg: Tom certainly did not seem to be a fool.汤姆当然不像是个傻瓜Seem与look 的区别：look强调通过视觉来看 Seem则是根据某种判断而得出的结论be pleased with sth.: 对感到满意/高兴 eg: He is pleased with his new bike.be pleased to do sth. 对做某事感到高兴满意 eg: I am pleased to stay here.be proud of: 以为骄傲ring up sb.=phone sb.=telephone sb.=call (up) sb. 给某人打电话care for sb.=look after sb=take care of sb 照顾某人alone与lonely的区别 ：alone可用作形容词，也可用作副词；lonely只能做adjalone是陈述一个“独自”的客观事实，无感情色彩，lonely则描述一种“寂寞的”情绪，感情色彩浓厚lonely还可以表示地点偏僻because of+ 名词、代词：由于 because 后跟句子 ：因为 fill with= be full of 充满，装满agree 的用法：agree to do 同意做某事 agree with sb/sth 与意见一致 be afraid to do： 意为“害怕，不敢做某事”,指对做某事内心感到恐惧或没有勇气做 eg: He was afraid to go out alone at night. be afraid of doing : “害怕发生某事”，指不情愿做 eg : She was afraid of waking the baby.at the end of:在（时间或地点的）尽头、末尾in the end = at last ：最后 UNIT 5 Topic 2 语法：.原因状语从句：引导原因状语从句的连接词有because，as，for等（用法详见课本122页） .形容词、副词比较等级原级的用法：表示双方在程度上相等时，用原级，其结构为：“as +形容词或副词的原级+ as ”，eg: I live as happily as before.表示双方不相等时，结构为：“not as/so +形容词或副词的原级+ as ” eg: The food was not as/so delicious as ours.词、词组的用法：be sorry to do=be sorry for doing sth.: 因做某事感到抱歉be sorry about sth.: 为感到难过do badly in 在某方面做的不好 do well in在某方面做的好be strict with sb.: 对某人要求严格 be strict in/about sth: 在某方面要求严格表建议的句型：Youd better + do 你最好 Why not+ do?=why dont you do? 为什么不？ How/ what about doing sth? 怎么样？ experience :做“经历”时为可数名词，做“经验”时为不可数名词get/be used to sth: 习惯、适应 get/be used to doing :习惯做某事receive：客观上“收到”某物 accept：主观上愿意“接受、接纳”refuse to do :拒绝做某事 refuse sth. :拒绝be angry with sb: 生某人的气notany longer = no longer 表示时间上“不再” UNIT 5 Topic3语法：使役动词：就是叫别人去做某事，常见的使役动词有：make , let, have, get 等make 的用法: make+宾语+名词：“使成为”。Your classmates make you monitor. make+宾语+形容词：“使处于某种状态” Illness ususally makes us sad.make+宾语+动词原形：“使做” It makes me feel nervous.make+宾语+介词短语：make yourself at home.let的用法: let + 宾语+ 动词原形 His father doesnt let him smoke. let + 宾语+副词 let him out let + 宾语+介词短语 let him into the houselet us 与 lets 的区别：let us do sth :“让（允许）我们做某事”，即提出请求，请对方允许 lets do sth:“咱们去做某事吧”，即提出建议，建议双方一起做have是“使，命令，让”的意思，用法：have+宾语+动词原形：让某人做某事 have+宾语+形容词：让某人保持或处于某种状态词、词组的用法：Cant be :“不可能”，表示否定推测， must 表肯定推测hate to do 讨厌做某事 take medicne 吃药take turns to do sth: 轮流做某事 Its ones turn to do sth 轮到某人做某事get along with 与相处in a bad mood in bad/low spirits be bad for in a good mood in good/high spirits be good fortoo+形容词或副词+to do 太而不能 UNIT 6 Topic 1语法：动词不定式，基本构成形式是“ to + 动词原形”，有时可以不带to ，否定形式为 not to do 。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能单独做谓语用法：在句中可以做主语，宾语，表语，状语，和宾语补足语 做主语：相当于名词或代词的作用，不定式做主语往往用形式主语it 替代，而将不定式置于句尾teg：To learn an art is very difficult.=It is very difficult to learn an art. 学习一门艺术很难。做宾语：一般跟在谓语动词后面。 begin, try, need, plan, forget, decide, agree, like 等后面常接动词不定式做宾语。 做表语：常用来表示预定要发生的动作，一般跟在be 动词之后eg: Your task is to find out the cost by bus 做定语：可以用来修饰人和物，放在被修饰词后面。eg: The best way to get there is by bus. She wants a big house to live in. 做状语：多表目的，结果，原因eg: They organized a show to raise money.(目的状语) Im very pleased to hear the good news.(原因状语) He returned home to find his wife waiting for him.(结果状语)做宾语补足语：“动词+宾语+ to do” 动词ask, tell, invite, allow, wish等后面多接不定式做宾语补足语，其中make, let, have等使役动词和see, watch, notice, feel, hear等感官动词后面接不带to 的不定式做宾语补足语 eg：I hear him sing in the next room. He asked me to help him.动词不定式可与疑问词how, what, which, where, when等连用eg: I dont know what to do. 动词不定式的复合结构：即不定式用of或for 引出逻辑主语 当形容词表示客观情况，描述不定式的特征性质时常用for引出不定式的逻辑主语 此结构为：it is +adj+ for sb. to do sth., 此类形容词有easy, hard, difficult, interesting等 eg: Its easy for us to complete the task. 当形容词表示人的性格、品德或主观态度时，用of 引出不定式的逻辑主语 此结构为：it is +adj.+of sb. to do sth, 此类形容词有nice，kind，good，wise，clever等 eg: It is very kind of you to help me. UNIT 6 Topic 2语法：时间状语从句，引导词有when, while, as , as soon as , after, before, till , until when, while ，as引导的时间状语从句：when通常指时间点，有时也可指一段时间，表示主句和从句的动作或状态同时发生，谓语动词可用瞬时动词或持续性动词；while只表示一段时间，因此while 引导的从句的谓语动词要用持续性动词，强调主句和从句的动作同时发生。当when引导的从句指一段时间时，when和while可以互换。 as 引导的时间状语从句往往可以与when，while互换，它通常表示动作发生的过程而不是状态，着重主句和从句的动作同时发生，有“随着”或“一边一边”之意 eg: Id like you to meet him when he arrives.When/While/As we were dancing, a stranger came in.We always sing as we walk. before , after 引导的时间状语从句before引导时间状语从句，意为“在之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前after引导时间状语从句，意为“在之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后 as soon as 引导时间状语从句：表示从句的动作一发生，主句的动作随即就发生eg：Ill tell him about it as soon as he comes back. until, till 引导的时间状语从句：意为“直到”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前，当主句的谓语动词是持续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式，当主句的谓语动词是短暂性动词时，主句常用否定形式， notuntil 直到才eg: You may stay here till/until the rain stops. He didnt go to bed until he finished his homework. 时间状语从句的时态：主将从现，主过从过，主现从句可用任意时态词、词组的用法：be busy doing sth.:忙于做某事 she is busy doing her homework. be busy with sth. ：忙于 she is busy with her homework across:介词“穿过”，表示动作是在某一物体表面进行 walk across the streetthrough：介词“穿过”，表示动作是在某空间内进行 go through the forestin +the +方位词+of：用于在某一范围内的地区 Taiwan is in the southeast part of Chinaon+the +方位词+of: 用于相互接壤且互不管辖的两个地区 Heilongjiang is on the north of Jilinto +the +方位词+of：用于互不接壤且互不管辖的两个地区 Japan is to the east of China.专心-专注-专业