2011全国大学英语四级考试真题(共32页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Part IWriting(30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Should Smoking Be Completely Banned. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 有人赞同完全禁止吸烟，理由是2. 有人不赞同完全禁止吸烟，理由是3. 我的看法。Should Smoking Be Completely BannedPart IIReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For questions 1-7, markY (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO)if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.SpaceOur Future in Space: It Has Already Begun!We are all space travelers. But weve stayed close to home until now. One day, we may leave our “mothership” Earth to make our home among the stars.A giant, spherical “spaceship”, about 8,000 miles in diameter, is speeding through the solar system right now. It is cruising at an incredible 66,600 miles per hour.Its not a giant, Star Wars mother-ship. Its spaceship Earth, the home of over four billion people. This watercoated spaceship has been traveling through the universe for about five billion years. Only within the past 25 years, however, have some of its passengers broken free of Earths gravity.But 25 years from now, many people, including you, might live in an orbiting space station 200 miles above the Earth.Space CitiesScientists have already designed special space factories. These factories will take advantage of the absence of gravity (zero gravity) to produce everything from life-saving drugs to perfect ball bearings.Other scientists have designed space colonies, complete with farms, schools, and artificial day and night. Hundreds, or even thousands, of people will live, work, playeven go to school, far above the Earth.Our conquest of space, of course, has already begun. We have explored part of the Moon, sent robot spaceships onto the surface of Venus and Mars, and aimed space probes past the planets of Jupiter and Saturn.Last June, one robot ship, Pioneer 10, left our solar system forever. And astronauts from both the Soviet Union and the United States have lived in space stations.The conquest of space, without question, is one of the greatest adventures human beings have ever set out on. But it may be more than a great adventure. Some scientists think the conquest of space may be a necessity for survival of the human species.We are tearing up more and more of the Earth to get raw materials for industry. And we are polluting the air and water as we manufacture products that we need or want. Almost everything that seems to make our lives more comfortable, and from electricity to pesticides, uses up or alters a piece of our planets natural environment.Why Go into Space?Yet our solar system is full of resources. The moon is chockfull of valuable metals. So are the asteroids, the small, rocky, planet-like bodies orbiting the sun most of them between Mars and Jupiter. These metals, if we can get them, could be used to build factories and space stations.Also, in space, there is no atmosphere to filter out the suns energy. There is plenty of solar energy to be turned into electricity for manufacturing, for creating comfortable living conditions.Getting away from Earth has other advantages, too. Modern industry uses many kinds of metal alloys (mixtures of metal that are better for certain purposes than pure metals). Yet some metal alloys either cant be made or are very expensive to make on Earth because of gravity. For instance, certain metals dont mix well on Earth. But in zero gravity, molten (hot, liquid) metals mix more evenly. This is because there is no gravity to pull the heavier metals down, while the lighter ones float on top.From space, too, we can look down on the Earth and study the atmosphere, its weather, and the effects of air pollution.And because there is no strong gravity to break free from, our future homes away from Earth will be convenient starting points for travel to distant planets.But, while going into space might solve some problems, outer space can also be a dangerous place. For example, in outer space, we have to protect ourselves from the dangers of ultraviolet light and cosmic rays. Ultraviolet light from the sun can give us bad sunburns right here on Earth. Yet, Earths atmosphere screens out most of that harmful radiation. Cosmic rays are tiny highenergy particles from outer space. Again, the Earth shields us from most of them.At Home in Space?But in space, without special protection, we would be exposed to much stronger radiation from ultraviolet light and cosmic rays. Also, in the zero gravity of outer space, our bones will lose calcium and become weaker. This will be more of a problem the longer people stay out in space. Doctors are looking for a way to keep our bones from losing calcium in outer space. And a small spaceship just might “drive you batty” after a while. But even on a short trip in outer space, you might not feel as well as youd like to. Space travel could make you seasick!Yet, these risks wont keep people from going into space. Eventually, an Earth-like environment will be built in space. And they will be populated by people with many different interests: medicine, construction, farming, teaching, mining, and so on.The next hundred years will be filled with other worldly adventures, exciting scientific discoveries, and danger, as humans leave Earthperhaps forever.Aging in SpaceSuppose a space traveler is moving at a velocity of 186,200 miles per second. For every hour that passes for him, 30 hours pass on Earth. If he travels for a year in this fashion (having accelerated instantaneously) and then turns around and comes back at this speed (having turned around instantaneously), he will find that while he has seemed to himself to have traveled two years, the men on Earth would claim he had been absent for 30 years.Suppose the space traveler had left at the age of 30, leaving behind a twin brother also aged 30. When he returned he would be 32, but his stay-at-home twin brother would be 60. That is why the “clock paradox”, is sometimes called the “twin paradox”.Of course it takes quite a long while to accelerate to a high speed, and a long while to make a turn and head back again, so conditions arent quite as clear-cut as just described.1.The giant, spherical spaceship mentioned in the passage is virtually the planet Earth.2.According to the author, some persons have left the Earth and traveled into outer space within the past 25 years.3.Scientists have already designed special space factories, which manufacture special products and tools for space use, such as medicine and perfect ball bearings.4.According to the information of the passage, we can infer that if the Earth becomes too crowded or no longer suitable for men to dwell on someday, theyll have to move into space.5.The moon and the asteroids are alike with respect to their rich, valuable metals.6.Ultraviolet light in space places scorches our skin as seriously as it does on Earth.7.Even a short trip in outer space may do some damage to ones brain.1.YNNG2.YNNG3.YNNG4.YNNG5.YNNG6.YNNG7.YNNG8.The reason some metal alloys cant be made on Earth is that the heavier metalstogether with the lighter ones.9.In space, there is no atmosphere to filter out the suns energy. There is plenty of solar energy to be turned into , for creating comfortable living conditions.10.According to the author, will be caused to a man in gravityfree space.Part IIIListening Comprehension(35 minutes)SectionADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, Cand D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.ATennis equipment.BVolleyball equipment.CFootball equipment.DBasketball equipment.12.AHe must meet his teacher.BHe must attend a class.CHe must go out with his girlfriend.DHe must stay at school to finish his homework.13.AIts not as good as it was.BIts better than it used to be.CIts better than people say.DIts even worse than people say.14.ABecause he doesnt like football.BBecause Maria fell ill.CBecause he didnt have the time.DBecause Maria cant stand football.15.AA temporary job.BA permanent job.CSome money for the vacation.DSome money for the university fees.16.AThe woman did most of the talking.BThe man did most of the talking.CThe woman was wearing a black sweater.DThe man and the woman had dark hair.17.AA sunny day.BA raincoat.CAn attractive hut.DA lovely hat.18.ALibrarian and student.BOperator and caller.CBoss and secretary.DCustomer and repairman.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.AThe benefits of strong business competition.BA proposal to lower the cost of production.CComplaints about the expense of modernization.DSuggestions concerning new business strategies.20.AIt costs much more than its worth.BIt should be brought uptodate.CIt calls for immediate repairs.DIt can still be used for a long time.21.AThe personnel manager should be fired for inefficiency.BA few engineers should be employed to modernize the factory.CThe entire staff should be retrained.DBetter-educated employees should be promoted.22.ATheir competitors have long been advertising on TV.BTV commercials are less expensive.CAdvertising in newspapers alone is not sufficient.DTV commercials attract more investments.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.ASearching for reference material.BWatching a film of the 1930s.CWriting a course book.DLooking for a job in a movie studio.24.AIts too broad to cope with.BIts a bit outdated.CIts controversial.DIts of little practical value.25.AAt the end of the online catalogue.BAt the Reference Desk.CIn the New York Times.DIn the Readers Guide to Periodical Literature.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, Cand D.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.AThe liberation movement of British women.BRapid economic development in Britain.CChanging attitudes to family life.DReasons for changes in family life in Britain.27.ABecause millions of men died in the war.BBecause women had proved their worth.CBecause women were more skillful than men.DBecause factories preferred to employ women.28.AThe concept of “the family” as a social unit.BThe attitudes to birth control.CThe attitudes to religion.DThe ideas of authority and tradition.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29.ASynthetic fuel.BSolar energy.CAlcohol.DElectricity.30.AAir traffic conditions.BTraffic jams on highways.CRoad conditions.DNew traffic rules.31.AGo through a health check.BTake little luggage with them.CArrive early for boarding.DUndergo security checks.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32.AWashing plates.BClearing tables.CShining shoes.DSweeping the floor.33.AHe must work six days a week.BHe should never be late for work.CHe must study hard in his spare time.DHe should not bring his friends to the restaurant.34.ATo pay him for his work.BTo let him have 3 meals a day in the restaurant.CTo give his friends free drinks.DTo allow him to have more free time.35.ABecause the boy was not a fulltime worker.BBecause the boy had made some mistakes.CBecause he thought the boy had failed to meet his requirements.DBecause he thought it was his son who should pay him.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in you own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Americans are proud of the (36) achievements made in this country. Medical scientists have found cures and (37) for such diseases as polio and tuberculosis. They have learned a great deal about (38) and heart disease. Many lives have been saved. American hospitals are the most modern and best (39) medical facilities in the world. But this degree of excellence has been expensive.Medical costs in the United States are very high. There is a (40) health plan for Americans. But there are many programs (41) for this purpose. Many people have health plans at the companies where they work. Under these plans, the company pays a fixed (42) of money regularly into a fund. Then when the (43) needs medical help, he can use money from the fund to pay for it.Other people have health insurance. (44) .In some medical plans, the insurance company is also the medical institution. (45) .Then when they need medical treatment, they go to the hospital without paying more money.(46) . These programs make medical care available to those without their own health insurance.Part Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25 minutes)SectionADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from