中考英语总复习语法专项复习课件汇总.ppt

初中英语语法专项讲练大汇总初中英语语法专项讲练大汇总（共（共1414套含初中所有语法）套含初中所有语法）考点考点1 不定冠词不定冠词a/an的用法的用法(1)泛指某个人或物。泛指某个人或物。A girl is looking for you. 有个女孩在找你。有个女孩在找你。(2)表示一类人或物。表示一类人或物。A dog is a useful animal. 狗是一种有用的动物。狗是一种有用的动物。(3)表示表示“每一每一”，相当于，相当于every或或each。We have six classes a day. 我们每天六节课。我们每天六节课。(4)构成一些固定短语。构成一些固定短语。quite a lot/few许多许多play a role发挥作用发挥作用 a little bit有点儿有点儿a couple of两个两个all of a sudden突然突然once in a while偶尔偶尔a用于辅音音素前，用于辅音音素前，an用于元音音素用于元音音素(不是元音字母不是元音字母)前。前。如果名词前有形容词修饰，则要根据形容词的第一个音如果名词前有形容词修饰，则要根据形容词的第一个音素选择用素选择用a还是还是an。中考中常见的以元音音素开头的重点单词。中考中常见的以元音音素开头的重点单词。orange橘子橘子eraser橡皮橡皮 egg鸡蛋鸡蛋elephant大象大象 animal动物动物 apple苹果苹果eye眼睛眼睛 idea想法想法answer答案答案umbrella伞伞 arm手臂手臂 hour小时小时interesting有趣的有趣的 impolite不礼貌的不礼貌的important重要的重要的 easy容易的容易的以以un开头的单词前常用开头的单词前常用an, 如如uncle, unusual, unlucky, unhappy, unpleasant, unknown。以元音音素开头的字母。以元音音素开头的字母。Aa, Ee, Ff, Hh, Ii, Ll, Mm, Nn, Oo, Rr, Ss, Xx以元音音素开头的单词前不定冠词用以元音音素开头的单词前不定冠词用an分不清元音音素和元音字母是考生经常触雷的一个点。分不清元音音素和元音字母是考生经常触雷的一个点。1(2017安顺中考安顺中考)Did you do well in _ English exam last week? Yes, I got _“A”Aan; the Bthe; an Ca; / Dthe; aB2(2017莱芜中考莱芜中考)Zhi Yueying, _ unusual teacher, has taught in a village school for 37 years. A/ Ba Can Dthe3(2017青岛中考青岛中考)Look! There is _ bottle on the table. Aa Ban Cthe D/CA4(2017绥化中考绥化中考)She is _ eightyearold girl. Aa Ban Cthe5(2017福建中考福建中考)Jack is such _ friendly boy. He gets along well with his classmates. Aa Ban CtheBA6(2017兰州中考兰州中考)There are a lot of _ on the grassland. sheepdog is sitting next to them. Asheep; The Bsheep; ACsheeps; The Dsheeps; AB7(2017孝感中考孝感中考)What do you usually have for breakfast? Some bread, _ egg and a glass of milk. Aa Ban Cthe D/B8(2017乐山中考乐山中考)Did you get up late this morning? Yes, so after _ quick breakfast, I had to run to office. A/ Bthe Ca9(2017贺州中考贺州中考)I think The Reader(朗读者朗读者) is _ educational TV program. Aa Ban Cthe D/CB10(2017郴州中考郴州中考)Could you go to the movies this evening? Id love to. But Ill have _ important meeting. Athe Ba CanC11(2017大庆中考大庆中考)What do you think of _ party last night? Great! All of us had _ good time. Aa; a Bthe; the Cthe; a Da; the12(2017宜宾中考宜宾中考)Li Qiang is _ honest boy. He wants to be _ useful person when he grows up. Aa; an Ban; a Ca; aCB考点考点2 定冠词的用法定冠词的用法(1)表示特指。表示特指。特指某人或物、双方都知道的人或物、上文提到过的人特指某人或物、双方都知道的人或物、上文提到过的人或物。或物。Who is the girl over there？那边的女孩是谁？那边的女孩是谁？There is a chair in the room. An old man is sitting on the chair. 房间里有一把椅子，椅子上坐着一位老人。房间里有一把椅子，椅子上坐着一位老人。(2)用在某些特殊名词前。用在某些特殊名词前。自然界中独一无二的事物、由普通名词构成的专有名词、自然界中独一无二的事物、由普通名词构成的专有名词、地理名词地理名词(江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、海峡等江河、海洋、湖泊、山脉、海峡等)、表示弹、表示弹奏的西洋乐器的名词前用定冠词。奏的西洋乐器的名词前用定冠词。the sun太阳太阳 the moon月亮月亮the earth地球地球the Great Wall长城长城the United States美国美国the Pacific Ocean太平洋太平洋the Tianshan Mountains天山山脉天山山脉The boy can play the piano. 这个男孩会弹钢琴。这个男孩会弹钢琴。中国的传统乐器前不加中国的传统乐器前不加the。(3)用在最高级、表示顺序的序数词、姓氏复数前。用在最高级、表示顺序的序数词、姓氏复数前。Math is the most difficult subject for me. 对我来说，数学是最难的科目。对我来说，数学是最难的科目。The Turners are having lunch. 特纳一家正在吃午饭。特纳一家正在吃午饭。(4)“the形容词形容词”或或“the可数名词单数可数名词单数”表示类指。表示类指。The new is sure to replace the old. 新事物一定会取代旧事物。新事物一定会取代旧事物。(5)用在某些固定搭配中。用在某些固定搭配中。in the morning早上早上go to the movies去看电影去看电影in the end最后最后 all the time一直；反复一直；反复at the same time同时同时13(2017临沂中考临沂中考)This afternoon my grandfather bought a magazine and a newspaper. The magazine is in his bag, but he cant remember where he put _ newspaper. Aa Ban Cthe D/C14(2017黄冈中考黄冈中考)Hey, Li Ming. Do you have _ basketball? Yes, its over there, behind _ door. Aa; a Bthe; the Ca; the Dthe; aC15(2017滨州中考滨州中考)Kate, are you _ only child in your family? Yes, but _ new baby is on the way. Athe; a Ban; the Ca; the Dthe; the16(2017武威中考武威中考) _ moon is very bright at night. AA BAn CThe D/AC17(2017温州中考温州中考)This photo makes me think of _ trip to the Great Wall last year. Yeah, we had a great time there. Aa Ban Cthe D/18(2017曲靖中考曲靖中考)Last summer I went to see _ Terracotta Army in Xian. It was fantastic. Athe Ban Ca D/CA19(2017上海中考上海中考)Christine is selling her house, but on _ other hand she doesnt want to move. Aa Ban Cthe D/20(2017长春中考长春中考)I play _ guitar in my spare time. It makes my life more colorful. Aa Ban Cthe D/CC21(2017镇江中考镇江中考)May 10, 2017 was marked as _ first Chinese Brands Day(中国品牌日中国品牌日). “Made in China” has come of age. Aa Ban Cthe D不填不填22(2017扬州中考扬州中考)They stopped in _ beautiful place for camping, near _ farm house of the Smiths. Aa; a Bthe; a Ca; the Dthe; theCC考点考点3 不用冠词的情况不用冠词的情况(1)表示泛指的不可数名词前。表示泛指的不可数名词前。We cant live without water. 我们离不开水。我们离不开水。(2)名词前已有限定词时。名词前已有限定词时。There is no pen in your schoolbag. 你书包里没有钢笔。你书包里没有钢笔。(3)表示节日、季节、月份、日期、星期的名词前。表示节日、季节、月份、日期、星期的名词前。March 8th is Womens Day. 3月月8日是妇女节。日是妇女节。表示节日后面用表示节日后面用Day的时候不用的时候不用the; 用用Festival的时候的时候加加the，如，如MidAutumn Day, the Spring Festival。(4)表示球类、棋类、游戏、学科、三餐的名词前。表示球类、棋类、游戏、学科、三餐的名词前。What do you like for breakfast？你早餐想吃什么？你早餐想吃什么？(5)复数名词不表示特指时。复数名词不表示特指时。I like oranges. 我喜欢橘子。我喜欢橘子。(6)by后接交通工具时。后接交通工具时。by bike骑自行车骑自行车by car开汽车开汽车(7)某些短语中有无某些短语中有无the表达的含义完全不同。表达的含义完全不同。be in hospital住院住院 be in the hospital在医院里在医院里go to school去上学去上学 go to the school到学校去到学校去23(2017重庆中考重庆中考)The boys often play _ basketball after school. A/ Ba Can Dthe24(2017十堰中考十堰中考)I usually have _ breakfast at home. I think its good for my health. Aa Ban Cthe D/AD25(2017永州中考永州中考)Do you have _ lunch at school on weekdays, Scott? Aa Bthe C/26(2017海南中考海南中考)Those girls practiced playing _ football every day and they won the match at last. Aa B/ CtheCB27Those _ children are very naughty, but I like staying with them. Athe Ba C/ Dan28Both parents and _ children must try to bridge the generation gap between them. A/ Ba Cthe Dan CA29(2017黄石中考黄石中考)On _ Childrens Day, Jack received a prize for being_ honest boy. Athe; an B/; an C/; a Dthe; aB中学英语语法专项讲练数词和主谓一致考点考点1 数词的确指和概指数词的确指和概指(1)表示确指。表示确指。表达确切数量直接用基数词或分数、小数等。表达确切数量直接用基数词或分数、小数等。hundred, thousand, million, billion等前有具体数词修饰时，等前有具体数词修饰时，不能用复数形式。不能用复数形式。(2)表示概指。表示概指。ten, hundred, thousand, million, billion等可以构成短等可以构成短语，表示不确切的数量。此时这些词用复数形式，不语，表示不确切的数量。此时这些词用复数形式，不能被具体数字修饰，后面与能被具体数字修饰，后面与of搭配。搭配。数词表示概指数词表示概指表示概指时表示概指时ten, hundred, thousand, million, billion要用要用复数形式，其前不能有具体的数词，考生经常在这一复数形式，其前不能有具体的数词，考生经常在这一点上触雷。点上触雷。1(2017凉山中考凉山中考)Last week, five _ students took part in the sports meeting in our school. Ahundred BthousandsChundreds of Dthousands ofA2(2017乌鲁木齐中考乌鲁木齐中考) _ students went to the university to listen to the_ speech. AThousand of; 120minutesBThousands of; 120minutesCTwo thousands; 120minutesDTwo thousand; 120minuteD3(2017渝北中考渝北中考)I hear that youve got a “library” at home. Yes. Ive already had _ books. Ahundred of Bhundreds ofCfive hundreds Dfive hundred ofB4(2017武威中考武威中考)There are twelve boys and thirteen girls in Class Four, which means _ students in total. A33 B25 C13 D12B考点考点2 基数词变序数词的规则基数词变序数词的规则(1)不规则变化。不规则变化。onefirsttwosecondthreethird(2)基数词基数词419在词尾加在词尾加th。fourfourthnineteennineteenthfivefiftheighteighthnineninthtwelvetwelfth(3)整十数基数词整十数基数词2090变变ty为为tie再加再加th。twentytwentiethninetyninetieth(4)两位数或两位数以上的非整十数的序数词只将最后一两位数或两位数以上的非整十数的序数词只将最后一位数变为序数词，其他的几位数仍用基数词；位数变为序数词，其他的几位数仍用基数词；hundred, thousand等只在词尾加等只在词尾加th。twentyonetwentyfirstone hundredhundredth序数词的前面可以加上不定冠词，表示序数词的前面可以加上不定冠词，表示“再一，又一再一，又一”。You may have a third try. 你可以再尝试一次。你可以再尝试一次。 5(2017营口中考营口中考)How was your day off yesterday? Great! It was my grandmas _birthday. We had a big family dinner. Athe eighty Bthe eightiethCeighteenth DeightiethD6(2017青岛中考青岛中考)My father gave me a bike on my _ birthday. Aten Ba tenth Cthe tenth DtenthD7(2017齐齐哈尔中考齐齐哈尔中考)Today is my cousins _ birthday. I am going to his birthday party tonight. Anineteenth Bthe nineteenthCnineteenA8(2017郴州中考郴州中考)Amy will be an elder sister. Her parents are going to have _ child. Atwo Bsecond Cthe secondC9(2017呼和浩特中考呼和浩特中考)How old is your daughter? _ . We had a special party for her _ birthday yesterday. ANine; nine BNine; ninthCNinth; ninth DNinth; nineB10There are _ months in a year. December is the month of the year. Atwelve; twelve Btwelve; twelfth Ctwelfth; twelve Dtwelve; twelvethB11(2017滨州中考滨州中考)My grandparents live in an old apartment with _ floors and they are on the _ floor. Afifth; three Bfifth; third Cfive; three Dfive; thirdD12(2017哈尔滨中考哈尔滨中考)How do you keep fit? I live on _ floor. I walk upstairs instead of taking the lift every day. Atwelve Bthe twelveCthe twelfthC考点考点3 分数的表达法分数的表达法分数用基数词作分子，序数词作分母。分数用基数词作分子，序数词作分母。分子大于分子大于1时，作分母的序数词用复数。时，作分母的序数词用复数。1/3one third2/5two fifths1/2a half 1/4a quarter分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由分数指代的名词分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由分数指代的名词的数决定。的数决定。Two thirds of the children are from Canada. 三分之二的孩子来自加拿大。三分之二的孩子来自加拿大。13 _of the coats _ made of cotton. They feel comfortable. ATwo thirds; is BTwo thirds; areCTwo third; is DTwo third; are B14Do you mind telling us something about this area? Not at all. _ of the land in this area _ covered with trees and grass. ATwo fifth; is BTwo fifth; areCTwo fifths; is DTwo fifths; areC15(2017安顺中考安顺中考)Mum, _ of the apples _ gone bad. Wed better eat up the rest as soon as possible. Aone third; have Bone thirds; haveCone third; has Dfirst three; hasA考点考点4 数词的应用数词的应用(1)表示编号表示编号结构：名词结构：名词(首字母大写首字母大写)基数词基数词the序数词名词序数词名词Lesson onethe first lessonClass one, Grade two注：有些编号一般仅用第一种表达法。注：有些编号一般仅用第一种表达法。Room 101101号房间号房间(2)数词前加数词前加every，表示，表示“每每一次一次”every four years 每四年一次每四年一次(3)基数词的复数形式表示年代和年龄基数词的复数形式表示年代和年龄1)表示年代：表示年代： in the年份的复数年份的复数在几世纪几十年代在几世纪几十年代in the 1870s在在19世纪世纪70年代年代2)表示年龄：表示年龄： in ones整十的复数整十的复数表示在某人几十岁时表示在某人几十岁时in his forties在他四十岁时在他四十岁时(4)“几个半几个半”的表达法的表达法基数词基数词anda half名词复数名词复数基数词名词基数词名词(单数单数/复数复数)anda halftwo and a half hourstwo hours and a half 两个半小时两个半小时(5)时刻表达法时刻表达法1)整点：整点： 基数词基数词(oclock)seven (oclock)2)几点几分的读法几点几分的读法直接读法：直接读法： 先读小时，后读分钟先读小时，后读分钟3：25three twentyfive间接读法：间接读法：a)30分钟：分钟分钟：分钟past小时小时3：25twentyfive past threeb)30分钟：分钟： (60分钟分钟)to(小时数小时数1)3：55five to fourc)15 minutesa quarter30 minuteshalf an hour6：15a quarter past six 6：30half past six6：45a quarter to seven(6)日期表达法日期表达法年月日的表达顺序是年月日的表达顺序是“月日年月日年”，常在日后加逗号，常在日后加逗号，表示在某年某月某日用介词表示在某年某月某日用介词on。例如。例如on April 5, 2013。读年份的时候先读前两位数，再读后两位数；读年份的时候先读前两位数，再读后两位数；读日时要加读日时要加the。2007年年3月月21日日March the twentyfirst, two thousand and seven. 16Which room do you live in? _AThe 201 Room BRoom 201CRoom 201st DThe 201s RoomB17 _ ， CocaCola began to enter Chinas market. AIn 1970s BIn 1970sCIn the 1970s DIn the 1970s18The train from Shanghai will arrive _ Ain quarter past six Bin a quarter past six Cat quarter past six Dat a quarter past sixDD19My friend was born on _ Athree of July, 1979Bthe third of July, 1979C1979, July the thirdD1979, the third of JulyB20It took me _ to get there. Atwo hours and a halfBtwo hours and halfCtwo hour and a halfDtwo hour and half A21_ A boy can sing the English song very well. Atenyearold Bten years oldCtenyearolds Dfifth years old22The old professor still works hard though he is _ Ain his sixty Bin his sixtiesCin sixties Din the sixtyAB23Which of the following is wrong？(_)AHe is a fifteenyearold boy. BHe is at the age of 15. CHe is a boy of 15. DHe is fifteen year old. D考点考点5 主谓一致常考的几种情况主谓一致常考的几种情况(1)either, neither, each, another, the other, one及及somebody, someone, anybody, something, anything, nothing等不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。等不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Somebody is asking to see you. 有人找你。有人找你。(2)both. . . and. . . 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。Both you and I are girls. 你和我都是女孩。你和我都是女孩。(3)the number of. . . “的数量的数量”，作主语时谓语动词用，作主语时谓语动词用单数；单数； a number of. . . “很多很多”，作主语时谓语动词，作主语时谓语动词用复数。用复数。The number of our class is 40. 我们班的人数是我们班的人数是40。A number of monkeys were saved. 很多猴子被救了。很多猴子被救了。(4)表示时间、距离、度量、重量、金额等的复数名词作表示时间、距离、度量、重量、金额等的复数名词作主语，看作整体时谓语动词用单数；强调个体时用复数。主语，看作整体时谓语动词用单数；强调个体时用复数。Two kilometers is a long way to go on foot. 步行两千米是一段很长的路程。步行两千米是一段很长的路程。Twenty years have passed since they got married. 他们结婚已有他们结婚已有20年了。年了。(5)单位量词修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词根据单位量单位量词修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词根据单位量词的数决定。词的数决定。The two cups of coffee cost me 50 yuan. 这两杯咖啡花了我这两杯咖啡花了我50元。元。(6)主语后跟主语后跟(along/together) with, as well as等时，谓语动词的数与主语保持一致。等时，谓语动词的数与主语保持一致。My license with my credit cards was lost. 我的驾照和信用卡丢了。我的驾照和信用卡丢了。(7)there be句型以及句型以及either. . . or. . . , neither. . . nor. . . , not only. . . but also. . . 作主语时，谓语动词的数遵循作主语时，谓语动词的数遵循就近一致原则。就近一致原则。There is a banana and some apples in my bag. 我的书包里有一根香蕉和几个苹果。我的书包里有一根香蕉和几个苹果。Not only Lily but (also) her parents enjoy skating. 不仅莉莉喜欢滑冰而且她的父母也都喜欢滑冰。不仅莉莉喜欢滑冰而且她的父母也都喜欢滑冰。(8)主语是主语是each/every单数名词单数名词and (each/every)单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。单数名词时，谓语动词用单数。Each boy and each girl has got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位。 Every man and every woman is at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作。每个男人和女人都在工作。 (9)one and a half复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。形式。 One and a half hours is enough. 一个半小时足够了。一个半小时足够了。 (10)动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。动词不定式，动名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 To see is to believe. 眼见为实。眼见为实。 Doing eye exercises is good for your eyes. 做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。做眼睛保健操对你的眼睛十分有益。就近一致原则就近一致原则there be句型，句型，either/neither. . . or/nor. . . , not only. . . but also. . . 作主语时，谓语动词就近一致，这是很多考生经作主语时，谓语动词就近一致，这是很多考生经常触雷的地方。常触雷的地方。24(2017贵阳中考贵阳中考)We all know that one of the worlds most popular sports _ football. Aam Bis Care25(2017齐齐哈尔中考齐齐哈尔中考)Listen! The little girl _ singing in the room. A/ Bare CisBC26(2017绥化中考绥化中考)John _ a soccer. Ahave Bhas Cis27(2017长沙中考长沙中考)Not only my parents but also my sister _ crazy about the TV play In the Name of People. Ais Bare Chave beenBA28(2017安顺中考安顺中考) _ there anything new in todays Qianzhong Morning Daily? No. But there _ some inspiring stories worth reading. AIs; is BAre; areCIs; are DAre; isC29The boy with two dogs _ when the earthquake rocked the city. Awere sleeping Bis sleepingCwas sleepingC中学英语语法专项讲练介词考点考点1 时间介词时间介词(1)in, on, at(2)during, induring和和in都表示一段时间。都表示一段时间。 但但during更加强调时间的更加强调时间的延续性，可以表示在一段时间内自始至终的状态。延续性，可以表示在一段时间内自始至终的状态。 (3)for, sincefor和和since表示的时间状语都有延续之意，表示的时间状语都有延续之意，“for时间段时间段”表示表示“延续多久延续多久”，作时间状语时，句子可用过去时、完，作时间状语时，句子可用过去时、完成时或将来时；成时或将来时；since后接表示时间点的短语，意为后接表示时间点的短语，意为“自自从从(过去某时过去某时)以来以来”，说明自过去某时延续至今的一段，说明自过去某时延续至今的一段时间，常与完成时连用。时间，常与完成时连用。(4)in, afterin和和after后都可以接时间段，表示后都可以接时间段，表示“(时间时间)之后之后”，in用于将来时，用于将来时，after用于过去时。用于过去时。(5)by, beforeby表示表示“截止至截止至；到；到为止为止”，包括其后的时间；，包括其后的时间；before则表示则表示“在某时之前在某时之前”，不包括其后的时间。，不包括其后的时间。You should get your homework by Friday. 你应该最迟于星期五把作业准备好。你应该最迟于星期五把作业准备好。(包含星期五包含星期五)Can you come and meet me before Friday？你能在星期五之前来见我吗？你能在星期五之前来见我吗？(不包含星期五不包含星期五)1(2017黄冈中考黄冈中考)I havent finished the book report of Journey to the West. Its so difficult. You should hurry up. The report is due _ three days. Ain Bfor Con DatA2(2017滨州中考滨州中考)Thanks _ our government, we can play sports on the new playground next week. Thats for sure! And well have a sports meeting _ one month. Afor; in Bto; inCfor; after Dto; afterB3(2017临沂中考临沂中考)A couple from Australia welcomed five healthy babies _ January. Aat Bin Cfor Don4(2017济宁中考济宁中考)The Dragon Boat Festival is _ the fifth day of May on the lunar calendar(阴历阴历)Ain Bon Cat DbyBB5(2017北京中考北京中考) More and more young people go skating _ winter. Aat Bin Con Dto6(2017福建中考福建中考)China successfully hosted the Belt and Road Forum _ May, 2017. Aon Bin CbyBB7(2017怀化中考怀化中考)What time do you usually get up on weekends? I usually get up _ 7 oclock in the morning. Aat Bin