河南专用2020版中考英语二轮复习语法专题过关专题十语态课件人教新目标版.pptx
专用专用河南中中 考考英英 语语2020第二部分语法专题过关第二部分语法专题过关专题十 语态 PART 02考点帮考点1 被动语态的构成考点2 被动语态的用法考点3 主动语态变为被动语态考点1考点帮考点帮被动语态的构成考点2考点3时态时态被动语态被动语态示例示例一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词Shoes are made by them in that factory. 鞋子是由他们在那家工厂制造的。一般过去时was/were+过去分词The classroom was cleaned by us just now. 教室刚才被我们打扫过了。 一般将来时will/be going to be+过去分词The work will be finished by them next Friday. 这项工作将在下周五由他们完成。考点1考点帮考点帮被动语态的构成考点2考点3时态时态被动语态被动语态示例示例现在进行时am/is/are being+ 过去分词The walls are being painted by some workers now. 一些工人现在正在粉刷墙面。过去进行时was/were being+过去分词The flowers were being watered by her in the yard at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候她正在院子里浇花。现在完成时have/has been+过去分词A model plane has been made by me. 一个飞机模型已经被我制作出来了。考点1考点帮考点帮被动语态的构成考点2考点3含情态动词的被动语态的结构为:情态动词+be+过去分词。如:Factories must be prevented from pouring polluted water into rivers and lakes.必须阻止工厂向河流和湖泊排放污水。 2018荆州中考考点1考点帮考点帮被动语态的用法考点2考点31.当强调动作的承受者时,如:The cup was broken by David. 这个杯子是被戴维打碎的。2.当不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者时,如:The watch is made of gold. 这块手表是用金子做的。Many people are killed in traffic accidents every year. 每年有许多人死于交通事故。 考点1考点帮考点帮被动语态的用法考点2考点33.当动作的执行者是物而不是人时,如:Many houses were washed away by the flood. 许多房屋被洪水冲走了。4.作客观说明时,常用Its said/reported+that.结构。如:Its said that the first chopsticks were used in China 5,000 years ago.据说,五千年前,第一双筷子在中国被使用。2017哈尔滨中考考点1考点帮考点帮主动语态变为被动语态考点2考点3变化规则:主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语;若宾语为人称代词,要将宾格变为主格;及物动词由主动形式变为被动形式;将主动语态的主语变为被动语态的宾语,并由by引导。 1.主语+及物动词+宾语Lu Xun wrote the book.The book was written by Lu Xun. 鲁迅写了这本书。考点1考点帮考点帮主动语态变为被动语态考点2考点32.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语I saw some children flying kites in the park.Some children were seen by me flying kites in the park. 我看到一些孩子在公园里放风筝。 变化规则:宾语补足语保留在原处,其他成分的变化同主语+及物动词+宾语的变化规则。考点1考点帮考点帮主动语态变为被动语态考点2考点3变化规则:带双宾语的动词变为被动语态时,可以选择将其中任意一个宾语转化成主语。直接宾语作被动语态的主语时,要在间接宾语前加介词to/for;间接宾语作主语时无须加介词。3.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语Jack bought me a present.杰克给我买了件礼物。 I was bought a present by Jack.(间接宾语作主语)A present was bought for me by Jack.(直接宾语作主语)考点1考点帮考点帮主动语态变为被动语态考点2考点3 4.主语+短语动词+宾语I worked out a plan. A plan was worked out by me. 我制订了一个计划。 注:短语动词是一个不可分割的整体,由主动句变为被动句时不可漏掉其中的介词或副词。考点1考点帮考点帮主动语态变为被动语态考点2考点3 提分速记提分速记 主动语态表示被动意义的情况:(1)某些系动词(look, taste, smell, sound等)用主动形式表示被动意义。如: The soup smells good. 这汤闻起来很香。(2)write, open, sell, read等词作不及物动词且它们的主语为物时,可用主动语态表示被动意义。如:The storybook sells well. 这本故事书卖得很好。(3)某些表示发生,爆发的不及物动词或短语,可用主动语考点1考点帮考点帮主动语态变为被动语态考点2考点3 态表示被动意义。如:The earthquake happened at nine last night. 昨天晚上九点发生了地震。(4)某些表示需要的动词,可用主动语态表示被动意义。如:The washing machine needs/requires repairing. =The washing machine needs/requires to be repaired.这台洗衣机该修理了。(5)sth. be worth doing是主动形式表示被动意义。如:The book is worth reading. 这本书值得读。
