2016.12六级第2套试题【可复制可搜索打印首选】.pdf
2016年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第2套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) （请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试）Directions: For this part , you are allowed 30 h minutes to write a s ort essay on innovation. Your essay should include the importance of innovation and measures to be taken to encourage innovation. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Part II Section A Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Directwns: In this section, you will h ear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 1. A) They were all good at cooking.C) They were proud of their cuisine.B) They were particular about food.D) They were fond of bacon and eggs.2. A) His parents.C) His schoolmates.B) His friends.D) His parents friends.3. A) No tea was served with the meal.C) No one of the group ate it.B) It was the real English breakfast.D) It was a little overcooked.4. A) It was full of excitement.C) It was a risky experience.B) It was really extraordinary.D) It was rather disappointing.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 5. A) The womans relationship with other shops.C) The key to running a shop at a low cost.B) The business success of the womans shop.D) The womans earnings over the years.6. A) Improve its customer service.C) Keep down its expenses.B) Expand its business scale.D) Upgrade the goods it sells.7. A) They are sold at lower prices than in other shops. C) They are delivered free of charge.B) They are very popular with the local residents.D) They are in great demand.8. A) To follow the custom of the local shopkeepers.B) To attract more customers in the neighborhood.C) To avoid being put out of business in competition.D) To maintain friendly relationships with other shops.Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard. 9. A) They can be used to deliver messages in times of emergency.B) They deliver pollutants from the ocean to their nesting sites.2016. 12(第2套）1 C) They carry plant seeds and spread them to faraway places.D) They are on the verge of extinction because of pollution.10. A) They migrate to the Arctic Circle during the summer.B) They originate from Devon Island in the Arctic area.C) They travel as far as 400 kilometers in search of food.D) They have the ability to survive in extreme weathers.11. A) They were carried by the wind.C) Th ey were ess than on the contment.B) They had b ecome more poisonous.D) They poisoned some of the fulmars.12. A) The threats humans pose to Arctic seabirds.B) The diminishing colonies for Arctic seabirds.C) The harm Arctic seabirds may cause to humans.D) The effects of the changing climate on Arctic seabirds.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard. 13. A) It has decreased.C) It has become better understood.B) It has been exaggerated.D) It h as remamed basically the same.14. A) It develops more easily in centenarians not actively engaged.B) It is now the second leading cause of death for centenarians.C) It has had no effective cure so far.D) It calls for more intensive research.15. A) They care more about their physical health.C) Their minds fail before their bodies do.B) Their quality of life deteriorates rapidly.D) They cherish their life more than ever.Section C Directions: In this session, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard. 16. A) They are focused more on attraction than love.B) They were done by his former colleague at Yale.C) They were carried out over a period of some thirty years.D) They form the basis on which he builds his theory of love.17. A) The relationship cannot last long if no passion is involved.B) Intimacy is essential but not absolutely indispensable to love.C) It is not love if you dont wish to maintain the relationship.D) Romance is just impossible without mutual understanding.18. A) Which of them is considered most important.B) Whether it is true love without commitment.C) When the absence of any one doesnt affect the relationship.D) How the relationship is to be defined if any one is missing.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard. 19. A) Social work as a profession.B) The history of social work.C) Academic degrees required of social work applicants.D) The aim of the Naitonal Association of Social Workers.20. A) They try to change peoples social behavior.B) They help enhance the well-being of the underprivileged.C) They raise peoples awareness of the environment.2016. 12(第2套）2 D) They create a lot of opportunities for the unemployed.21. A) They have all received strict clinical training.B) They all have an academic degree in social work.C) They are all members of the National Association.D) They have all made a difference through their work.22. A) The promotion of social workers social status.B) The importance of training for social workers.C) Ways for social workers to meet peoples needs.D) Social workers job options and responsibilities.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard. 23. A) To fight childhood obesity.C) To encourage kids to play more sports.B) To help disadvantaged kids.D) To urge kids to follow their role models.24. A) They best boost product sales when put online.B) They are most effective when appearing on TV.C) They are becoming more and more prevalent.D) They impress kids more than they do adults.25. A) Always place kids interest first.C) Message positive behaviors at all times.B) Do what they advocate in public.D) Pay attention to their image before children.Part III Section A Reading Comprehension (40 minutes) Directions : In th is section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage. The tree people in the Lord of the Ringsthe Entscan get around by walking. But for real trees, its harder to uproot. Because theyre literally rooted into the ground, they are unable to leave and go 26 . When a tree first starts growing in a certain area, its likely that the 27 envelopethe temperature, humidity, rainfall patterns and so onsuits it. Otherwise, it would be unable to grow from a seedling. But as it 28 , these conditions may change and the area around it may no longer be suitable for its 29 . When that happens, many trees like walnuts, oaks and pines, rely 30 on so-called scatter hoarders, such as birds, to move their seeds to new localities. Many birds like to store food for the winter, which they 31 retrieve. When the birds forget to retrieve their foodand they do sometimesa seedling has a chance to grow. The bird Clarks nutcracker, for example, hides up to 100,000 seeds per year, up to 30 kilometers away from the seed source, and has a very close symbiotic(共生的）relationship with several pine species, most 32 the whitebark pine. As trees outgrow their ideal 33 in the face of climate change, these flying ecosystem engineers could be a big help in 34 trees. Its a solution for usgetting birds to do the work is cheap and effectiveand it could give 35 oaks and pines the option to truly make like a tree and leave. A) agesF) foreverK) off springB) breathingG) fruitfulL) replantingC) climaticH) habitatsM) subsequentlyD) elsewhereI) legacyN) vulnerable2016. 12(第2套）3 E) exclusivelyJ) notably0) withdrawsSection B Directions : In th zs sectwn , you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 . The American Workplace Is Broken. Heres How We Can Start Fixing It. A Americans are working longer and harder hours than ever before. 83 % of workers say theyrestressed about their jobs, nearly 50 % say work-related stress is interfering with their sleep, and60 % use their smartphones to check in with work outside of normal working hours. No wonder only13 % of employees worldwide feel engaged in their occupation.BJ Glimmers (少许）of hope, however, are beginning to emerge in this bruising environment: Americans are becoming aware of the toll their jobs take on them, and employers are exploring ways to alleviate the harmful effects of stress and overwork. Yet much more work remains to be done. To call stress an epidemic isnt exaggeration. The 83 % of American employees who are stressed about their jobsup from 73% just a year beforesay that poor compensation and an unreasonableworkload are their number-one sources of stress. And if you suspected that the workplace had gotten more stressful than it was just a few decades ago, youre right. Stress levels increased 18 % for women and 24% for men from 1983 to 2009. Stress is also starting earlier in life, with some data suggesting that todays teens are even more stressed than adults. CJ Stress is taking a significant toll on our health, and the collective public health cost may be enormous. Occupational stress increases the risk of heart attack and diabetes, accelerates the aging process, decreases longevity, and contributes to depression and anxiety, among numerous other negative health outcomes. Overall, stress-related health problems account for up to 90 % of hospital visits, many of them preventable. Your job is literally killing you, as The Washington Post put it. Its also hurting our relationships. Working parents say they feel stressed, tired, rushed and short on quality time with their children, friends and partners. DJ Seven in 10 workers say they struggle to maintain work-life balance. As technology (and with it, work emails) seeps (渗入）into every aspect of our lives, work-life balance has become an almost meaningless term. Add a rapidly changing economy and an uncertain future to this 24/7 connectivity, and youve got a recipe for overwork, according to Phyllis Moen. Theres rising work demand coupled with the insecurity of mergers, takeovers, downsizing and other factors, Moen said. Part of the work-life issue has to talk about uncertainty about the future. E These factors have converged to create an increasingly impossible situation with many employeesoverworking to the point of burnout. Its not only unsustainable for workers, but also for thecompanies that employ them. Science has shown a clear correlation between high stress levels inworkers and absenteeism (旷工），reduced productivity, disengagement and high turnover. Toomany workplace policies effectively prohibit employees from developing a healthy work-life balanceby barring them from taking time off, even when they need it most.F The U. S. trails far behind every wealthy nation and many developing ones that have family-friendlywork policies including paid parental leave, paid sick days and breast-feeding support, according to a2007 study. The U. S. is also the only advanced economy that does not guarantee workers paidvacation time, and its one of only two countries in the world that does not offer guaranteed paidmaternity leave. But even when employees are given paid time off, workplace norms andexpectations that pressure them to overwork often prevent them from taking it. Fulltime employeeswho do have paid vacation days only use half of them on average. G Our modern workplaces also operate based on outdated time constraints. The practice of clocking in2016. 12(第2套）4 for an eight-hour workday is a leftover from the days of the Industrial Revolution, as reflected in the then-popular saying, Eight hours labor, eight hours recreation, eight hours rest. HJ Weve held on to this workday structurebut thanks to our digital devices, many employees never really clock out. Today, the average American spends 8. 8 hours at work daily, and the majority of working professionals spend additional hours checking in with work during evenings, weekends and even vacations. The problem isnt the technology itself, but that the technology is being used to create more flexibility for the employer rather than the employee. In a competitive work environment, employers are able to use technology to demand more from their employees rather than motivating workers with flexibility that benefits them. I In a study published last year, psychologists coined the term workplace telepressure to describe anemployees urge to immediately respond to emails and engage in obsessive thoughts about returningan email to ones boss, colleagues or clients. The researchers found that telepressure is a major cause of stress at work, which over time contributes to physical and mental burnout. Of the 300 employees participating in the study, those who experienced high levels of telepressure were more likely to agree with statements assessing burnout, like Ive no energy for going to work in the morning, and to report feeling fatigued and unfocused. Telepressure was also correlated with sleeping poorly and missing work. JJ Harvard Business School professor Leslie Perlow explains that when people feel the pressure to be always on, they find ways to accommodate that pressure, including altering their schedules, work habits and interactions with family and friends. Perlow calls this vicious cycle the cycle of responsiveness: Once bosses and colleagues experience an employees increased responsiveness, they increase their demands on the employees time. And because a failure to accept these increased demands indicates a lack of commitment to ones work, the employee complies. K To address skyrocketing employee stress levels, many companies have implemented workplace
