2014年高考必考(英语)巧用线索解答完形填空(共3页).doc

精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上巧用线索解答完形填空 完形填空是一种既要求有较强的阅读理解能力，又要有扎实的语法、词汇和文化知识积累，是一种全面考查考生语言运用能力的题型。根据多年的教学经验，谈谈巧用上下文线索解答完形填空题。技巧一：巧用空格附近的连词和副词线索解题。 在完形填空题中，有些句子含有表示并列、转折、因果关系或对比等意思的连词、副词、短语副词，如and, or, but, because, though, although, instead, however, on the contrary, otherwise等，我们可利用这些词所提示的前后关系来解题。请看以下各题：1So whether it's winter clothes, food for the hungry, or homes for _ pets, doing volunteer work means one very important thing: You make a difference in the world. Abeloved Bdeserted Ctreated Dgrown-up 解析：答案选B。巧用了空格附近的连词or，因or前面food对应hungry，那么or后面的homes对应的应是deserted（被人所弃的，即没有了家的）。2I played a racquet ball game against my cousin Ed last week. It was one of the most _ and tiring games I've ever had.（全国卷） A. encouraging B. hopeless C. surprising D. regular 解析：答案选B。巧用了空格附近的连词and，因and后面的词是tiring，和tiring并列的应是B。 3So the slave was pardoned and _. Akilled Brich Chappy Dfreed 解析：答案选D。巧用了空格附近的连词and，因and前面的词是pardoned（原谅），和它并列的应是D（freed释放）。4My father's student might come in and tell me I shouldn't be playing with his office things. But my father always stood up and said easily,“oh. no it's _.” Afine B. strange Cterrible Dfunny解析：答案选A。当父亲的学生认为“我”不应该玩他办公室里的东西时，父亲却总是轻松地表示没有关系。巧用了空格前面的句子以及它附近的转折连词but，所以很明显答案是A: fine。技巧二：巧用前后照应线索，即前后呼应法解题。 寻找上下文是否有相同、相近或者相对立意思的提示词。做完形填空时，要始终抓住文章本身，联系“双语境”来判断，即大语境全文中心和基调，小语境空格前后句子所构成的语境：再根据前有伏笔后有呼应的思路来做题。如： I found a birthday card and dropped the old lady a short note, wishing her a happy birthday. Three days later, someone knocked at my front door. Opening the door I found a middle-aged man standing on my doorstep. He introduced himself as the 1 of the woman to whom I had sent the 2 . He explained that he just wanted to be here in person and thank me for sending such a nice card to his mom. She passed away two months ago. Though I never met this lady, I did hope that my few 3 nores were enough to brighten a couple of her days here on earth.1Ahusband Bdoctor Cstudent Dson2Agift Bmoney Ccard Didea3Along Buseless Cdifficult Dlittle解析：1选D。因为下文有to his mom. 来呼应。巧用了前后照应线索来解题。2选C。因为下文有a nice card to来呼应。巧用了前后照应线索来解题。3选D。因为上文有a short note来呼应。巧用了前后照应线索来解题。技巧三：用原词、同义词复现法解题。 词语复现是英语中常见的一种现象。在完形填空题中，同义词或同义短语的位置多半比较靠近，很容易找到，所以同义复现法是很好的解题技巧。结合常识和语境，进行简单推理，即可找到正确选项。1The simplest way to say it is this: I believe in my mother. My 1 began when I was just a kid. Apromise Bwork Ceducation Dbelief 解析：选D。因为上文出现了同根词believe，所以选belief。这里用了同根词复现的方法。2A poet once said,“we look at life once, in childhood; the rest is _”. And I think it is not only what we“look at once, in childhood” that determines our memories, but who, in that childhoodlook at us A. memory Bwealth C. experience D. practice 解析：选A。因为下文复现了memories，这里用了原词复现的方法。作者认为不仅是我们童年所看到的事物决定了我们的记忆，而且还包括那时关爱我们的人。所以诗人所说的“the rest”就应该是memory与下一句的“determines our memories”相呼应。技巧四：巧用具体示例线索法解题。 根据文章中所提供的具体实例进行分析，将与具体示例有关的信息进行优选，将与具体示例无关的信息进行排除，从而得出所需答案。 Every student must wear their 1 when they are at school. There are 2 items of uniforms: suits, dresses, shorts, skirts and T-shirts. There are also Wasley schoolbags,caps and socks.1Along hair Bthick glasses Csports shoes Dschool uniforms2Amuch Bthree Cmany Dseven解析：1答案选D。因为下文有at school和uniforms，uniforms是原词复现。2答案选C。因为下句提供了很多具体例子，有suits，dresses, shorts, skirts and T-shirts，所以选C. many.技巧五：巧用逻辑推理线索解题。 任何一篇文章中的句子在内容上都不是绝对孤立的，都跟句子所在的段落及整篇文章有关。根据上下文的某些句子或者某些词和空格所在的句子的逻辑关系，利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推断出正确选项，是做完形填空过程中的常用技巧。 1Well, this morning I was thinking of all the visits I had paid to that cafe over the years and out of _, I surfed the Internet for it. A. activity B. possibility C. ability D. curiosity 解析：选D。因为按照逻辑，作者之所以上网去查找，是因为出于好奇。2When the papers were _, she discovered that twelve boys had made exactly the same mistakes throughout the test. A. examined B. completed Cmarked Danswered 解析：选C。因为按照逻辑，只有老师批改完试卷后，才能发现12位男生犯了完全一样的错误。专心-专注-专业