广州英语沪教牛津版八年级上册Unit2讲义和练习(共14页).docx
精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Unit 2 Numbers1. 许下/违背诺言_ 2. the rest of_3. 开始意识到_ 4. A long time ago_5. 从那以后_ 6. play chess_7. copy down_ 8. follow ones advice_9. 发生_ 10. 想要做某事_11. 不但而且_ 12. make sb do sth_13. 禁不住做某事_ 14. make good use of_15. 命令某人做某事_ 16. all year around_Step One Reading& Listening1. Check some Maths problems. 【考点聚焦】(1) check 及物动词，“检查，核实”(2) 【拓展】 check 的相关短语(3) check in_ check out_ check up_ I will meet Jane at the station, please _ what time she will arrive. A. count B. choose C. check D. Catch(2)problem 可数名词，“问题，难题”辨析：problem 与questionproblem多指有待解决的问题，特别是疑难的问题或令人疑惑的事，人或情况。常与work out和solve 等搭配solve the problem 解决问题deal with the problem 处理问题question意思相对广泛，指需要解决或解答的具体问题。常与ask 和answer 搭配ask questions 问问题answer the question 回答这个问题【拓展】（1）have problems in doing sth. 做某事有困难（2） _. 没问题。The food safety is a serious _ in our country. We should try to solve it. A. subject B. program C. problem D. question2. The kings favourite game was chess. 【考点聚焦】favourite “最喜欢的”，通常位于名词前作定语, 没有比较级和最高级形式，在含义上相当于_Whats sbs favourite. ? =_?【拓展】也可用作名词，意为“最喜欢的人或物”This book is my favourite. 3. One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king challenged him to a game. (1)one day “某一天，有一天”辨析：one day与some dayone day （过去）有一天，（将来）某一天，用于过去时或将来时some day （将来）总有一天，只用于将来时E.g. I think, my dream will come true_。E.g. _ the old man was very ill. （2）challenge sb. to sth. 向某人挑战. 【拓展】challenge sb. to do sth. 向某人挑战做某事，激励某人做某事 完成句子1. 你为什么要检查卧室呢？Why do you _ the bedroom?2. 聪明的人总是能及时的解决难题。Someone who is _always solve the _ in time. 3. 你想向他挑战吗？Do you want to _ him?4. 这张书桌大约100厘米长The desk about100_ _. 4. The King promised the old man, “ You can have any prize if you win the game. ”（1）promise sb. sth. =_. She promised me the book. promise to do sth. They promised_（come）to the party on time. promise也可以作名词，make a promise意为“_”如： My mother made a promise to buy a new bike for me. ( ) He promised _ old friend during his stay in Tianjin. A. see B. seeing C. saw D. to see（2）if，意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生。如：If you ask him，he will help you. 如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。 ( Part A) ( Part B)上述的Part A为条件状语从句，Part B 为主句。从句可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后。当从句置于主句前时，从句后就加逗号。如：He will help you if you ask him. 【拓展】 If引导的条件状语从句（1）引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if, 常用的if条件状语从句表示在某种条件下，某件事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。E.g. If you ask him, he will help you. E.g. If you have finished the homework you can go home. （2）另外，If从句还可以表示不可能实现的条件或根本不存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。E.g. If I were you, I would invite him to the party. E.g. I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic. 另外还要注意if条件句的时态搭配有以下几种情况：（1） if 从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，e.g. If he runs, hell get there in time. （2）if 从句用一般现在时，主句用may/might/can, E.g. If it stops snowing, we can go out. (3) if 从句用一般现在时，主句用must/should, E.g. If you want to lose weight, you must/should eat less bread. (4) if 从句用一般现在时，主句用一般现在时，E.g. If you heat ice, it turns to water. （也可用will turn） (5) if 从句用现在进行时，主句用一般将来时，E.g. If you are looking for Peter, youll find him upstairs. （6） if 从句用现在完成时，主句用一般将来时，E.g. If you have finished dinner, Ill ask the waiter for the bill. 巧记if用法口诀：If条件句不一般，几个要点记心间；条件句，放在前，逗号要放句中间。条件句表可能，主句多用将来时；条件句表事实，主句常用现在时。单项选择( ) 1. If there_ no buying and selling of animals, there_ no killing in nature. A. is; will he B. will be; will be C. is; is D. will be; is( ) 2. _, I'll go shopping alone. A. If she comes B. If she won't come C. If she doesn't come ( ) 3. The students _ have a sports meeting this weekend if it _. A. wont; rains B. will; rains C. wont; will rain D. are going to; is going to rain( ) 4. If you _ to the party, youll have a great time A. will go B. went C. go D. going ( ) 5. What are you going to do tomorrow? -Well go to the library tomorrow if it _. A. isnt rain B. rain C. wont rain D. doesnt rain( ) 6. What will you do if you _ to the old folks home visit? A. go B. went C. going D. will go ( ) 7. If I eat _ food, Ill be very fat. A. too manyB. many too C. too much D. much too ( ) 8. Ill give the book to him if he _ here next Sunday. A. will come B. comes C. is coming D. came 5. And then double the amount for each of the rest of the squares. rest 此处用作名词，“剩余部分”，the rest 作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要视作具体情况而定，如果所指代的为可数名词，则视为复数；如果所指代的为不可数名词，则视为单数。the rest of. “. 的剩余部分”，作主语时谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词形式。One of the books _written in Chinese, and the rest _in English. The rest of the money_ donated to charities. 6. Wouldt you like gold or silver instead?难道你不想要金子或银子代替？instead副词，意为“代替；顶替”。She is very busy. Lets go_. Ill read newspapers _seeing a film. 辨析：instead 与instead ofinstead 副词，代替，顶替，相反 ，位于名首或句末instead of 介词短语，“代替，而不是”，后接名词，代词或动名词 instead of doing sth. 代替做某事7. he would still not have enough rice to put on all the squares! （1）enough此处用作形容词，意为“_”。可接可数名词或不可数名词。它放到名词前面或后面都可以。常用结构为：be(not)+形容词+enough to do sth意为“_”。 He doesnt have_ to finish the work. 他没有足够的时间去完成这项工作。（2）enough做副词时，意为“足够地，十分”，通常用于所修饰的形容词或副词之后。E.g. The boy is _to lift the box. 这个男孩很强壮，能举起这个箱子。8. I can teach you how to make more money if you promise to follow my advice, （1）advice不可数名词，意为“建议”。表示“一条建议”用a/one piece of advice, 表示一些建议用_E.g. Ill give you _on how to look after your pet dog. 【拓展】:（1）advice的常用搭配：Give sb. Some advice=_给某人一些建议ask for advice征求意见 _接受某人的建议（2） advise动词，意为“建议”，后接名词. 代词或v. -ing形式作宾语，也可用于advice sb. (not)to do sth. 结构，意为“建议某人不要做某事”。She advice us to wait (for) one more day. 例题1. ( ) If our government_ pay attention to the safety of food, our health_ in danger. A. isnt; is B. doesnt; will be C. wont; is D. isnt; will be2. ( ) My brother want to_ his classmate to a computer game. A. Is challenge B. challenge to C. challenge with D. challenge3. ( ) Would you _some bread?A. likes B. like to C likes to D. like4. ( ) I will read newspapers _ _ seeing a film. A. instead B. instead of C. no only D. not to5. ( ) The dining hall is_ to hold 300 people. A. enough B. enough small C. small enough D. big enough6. ( ) I dont know how to keep healthy, can you give me_?A. an advice B. lots of advices C. a few advices D. some advice9. From then on he was not lazy any more. Not. Any more 相当于_, “不再”，但两者位置不同，not. any more中not常与助动词或情态动词连用，any more位于句末；no more则位于助动词后，实义动词前辨析：not. any more / no more 与not. any longer/ no longernot. any more / no more 多表示数量或程度上“不再”，修饰的动词一般为非延续性动词，表示动作不再发生not .any longer/ no longer 多表示在时间或距离上“不再”，修饰的动词一般为延续性动词，表示动作不再延续I wont play computer games any more. = I _computer games. She _live here_. = She no longer lives here. 10. Where the story took place. 辨析：take place 与happen 均表“发生”，_语态。take place 表示“发生，举行”，一般指非偶然性事件的发生，即这种事件的发生有某种原因或事先的安排 happen 表示“发生，碰巧”，一般用于偶然或突发性事件，没有预见性An accident _in that street. When will the basketball game_?一. 首字母填空1 Whats your telephone n_?2 I am a boy. I am my parents s_. 3 Mary isnt in the classroom. Lets ask Jenny i_. 4 He seldom r_ to the e mails his friends send him. 5 Can you play c_?6 Yesterday, he _(挑战)me to play that game. 7 Tommy _(承诺) that he would go to school earlier the next day. 8 My teacher told me that we used g_ to make flour. 9 Xuhaifeng won a g_ medal in shooting in the 1984 Olympics. 10 Mr. Wu_(命令) Simon to close the windows before the storm came. 二. 单项选择1. ( ) 8, 730, 326_ a large (大的)number. A. am B. is C. are D. be2. ( ) The number 366 writes _. A. three hundreds and sixty six B. three hundred and sixty sixC. three hundred and sixty-sux D. three hundred and sixty-six3. ( ) My father and I like to _ very much. A. playing the chess B. play chessC. playing chess D. play the chess4. ( ) “I cant write the words in an hour, ” he replied _ me. A. /B. to C. forD. of 5. ( ) He ordered the soldier _ outside. A. to standB. standing C. to standingD. stand三. 完成句子1. 你比大部分孩子都幸运些，我希望你意识到这一点。You are luckier than most children, and I hope _ _ _. 2. 当我们打网球时，你们其余的人做什么呢？While we are playing tennis, what will _ _ _you do ?3. 我喜欢读书而不是跳舞。I enjoy reading _ _ _. 4. 我去过很多地方，如上海. 北京. 杭州等等。I have been to many places, such as Shanghai, Beijing, Hangzhou _ _ _. 11. They used them to count things like the days of the month, the amount of food and the number of animals they had. the number of:. 的数量(强调数目)，其后接_the amount of:的数量(强调总量)，其后多接_名词e.g.: the amount of snow降雪量 the amount of money钱的数量 the number of boys男孩的数量 the number of chairs 椅子的数量12. However, the could only count small numbers in this way. in this way用这种方法，这样Only in this way can we do better in English. in the way挡道，妨碍Look, a car is in the way. on the way在路上，在途中I met my uncle on the way to school. by the way顺便说一下By the way, what time is it?13. They often put the tokens on pieces of string so that they could carry them around easily. so that 此处引导目的状语从句，“为的是，以便”，从句中常有can, could, may, might等情态动词。 so that 从句可以转换成in order +that 从句 或 in order to do sth. 结构I work hard so that I could finish my work on time. = I work hard _that I could finish my work on time. = I work hard_ finish my work on time. 【拓展】so that 也可以引导结果状语从句，“结果，因此”，该从句前常用逗号与主句隔开。It rained heavily, so that we had to stay at home. so that可引导目的状语从句，“以便，为了”；也可引导结果状语从句，“结果，因此”The little boy saved money so that he could buy his mother a present. so. that引导结果状语从句，“如此. 以至于. ”The football fams were so excited that they cried out. Youd better take the map with you _ you wont get lost. A. as long as B. as soon as C. now that D. so that例题一. 用方框所给短语的适当形式完成句子。different ways, at first, after that, begin to, count things, so that, develp into, lead to, carry around, made from1. Some of them still live in _. 2. What _ you _ change your mind?3. You _ all the _ to find how many there are. 4. I _ memories of my homeland _ with me. 5. _, the words didnt mean anything to Helen. 6. Their affair did not _ a lasting relationship. 7. She often has breakfast at six fifty, _ she goes to the factory by bus. 8. The glass is _ sand. 9. It _ snow when he came out of the warm office. 10. Miss Wang speaks aloud _ all the students can hear her. 二. 单项选择1. ( ) I didnt go out on Sunday. I stayed at home _. A. howeverB. butC. insteadD. instead of2. ( ) Long ago, people wrote numbers _ many different ways. A. atB. inC. withD. by3. ( ) I found it difficult to communicate with him _. A. at first B. first C. on firstD. to first4. ( ) Everything begins _ in spring. A. to growB. growC. growsD. grew5. ( ) Whats your sweater _ ? A. made ofB. make ofC. make fromD. made in6. ( ) Please open the window _ we can breathe fresh air. A. ifB. andC. so thatD. such that7. ( ) Working hard _ English can lead _ have a good job. A. at; inB. in; atC. in; forD. at; to8. ( ) I phoned again and again, but there was no _. A. answerB. questionC. telephoneD. man三. 句型转换1. Jenny doesnt agree to the plan. (改为同义句)Jenny _ with the plan. 2. He is too excited to do it. (改为同义句)He is _ excited _ he _ do it. 3. Return my money, please. (改为否定句)Please _ return my money. Grammar一. 基数词（一）基数词的构成最基本的基数词如下表（1）1-12的构成是独立的单词，无规律（2）13-19的构成都是以-teen结尾（3）20-90之间整十数的构成都是以-ty结尾（4）21 99的两位数，在十位数和个位数之间加连字符构成。如： 53 fifty-three（5）101999的三位数，由hundred加and再加两位数或末位数。如：325 three hundred and twenty-five（6）100可以表示为： a/one hundred 1, 000可以表示为： a/one thousand 1, 000, 000 a/one million 1, 000, 000, 000 a/ one billion（二）基数词的用法（1）当hundred, thousand, million, billion等和of连用，表示粗略的数目时，须用复数。如： hundreds of people数以百计的人但如果hundred, thousand, million, billion等词前有具体数词或several时，须用单数： six hundred people 600人（2）表示“几十年代”或“几十岁”时，用逢十的基数词的复数。如：in the thirties在30年代 in his fifties在他50多岁时（3）与基数词合成的复合形容词，其中的名词用单数。如：a three-month-old baby三个月大的婴儿 a five-year plan一个五年计划（4）基数词可以表示年份. 时间. 电话号码和年龄等。 Her telephone number is 二. 序数词序数词一般以与之相应的基数词加词尾-th构成，但要注意一些特殊形式。（一）阿拉伯数字基数词序数词序数词缩略式1 one first 1st 2 two second 2nd 3 three third 3rd5 five fifth 5th 8 eight eighth 8th 9 nine ninth 9th12 twelve twelfth 12th 20 twenty twentieth 20th21 twenty-one twenty-first 21st 22 twenty-two twenty-second 22nd23 twenty-three twenty-third 23 rd（二）序数词的用法作主语 e. g. The third of the month was a holiday. 注：（1）序数词在使用时，通常前面要加定冠词the ；但是如果序数词前出现不定冠词a 或an时,则表示“再", “又"。（2）序数词前有名词所有格或形容词性物主代词时，不能加the作表语 e. g. Who was the third?作定语 e. g. We live on the fifth floor. 作宾语 e. g. I was among the first to learn of this. 作同位语 e. g. Who is that man, the first in the front row?作状语 e. g. When did you first meet him?You can do it a second time. 你可以再做一次。National Day is on October the first（三）特别提示以y结尾的基数词构成序数词时，先把y变为i, 再加-eth。其他序数词的构成(1)几十几及以上的序数词，其中十位数或百位数. 千位数等用基数词，只有个位数才用序数词。如： 128th: one hundred and twenty-eighth 752nd: seven hundred and fifty-second(2)hundred, thousand, million的序数词均在基数词后加-th构成，hundredth, thousandth, millionth三. 数词的应用（一）倍数表示法1. 一倍用once两倍用twice或double。This year we have produced twice as much corn as we did la
