2022年考研《英语二》真题及答案（部分）（考试吧版） .docx

2022年考研英语二真题及答案（部分）（考试吧版）Directions:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)HarlanCobenbelievesthatifyoureawriter,youllfindthetime;andthatifyoucantfindthetime,thenwritingisntapriorityandyourenotawriter.Forhim,writingisa1jobajoblikeanyother.Hehas2itwithplumbing,pointingatthataplumberdoesntwakeupandsaythathecantworkwithpipestoday.3,likemostwritersthesedays,youreholidaydownajobtopaythebills,itsnot4tofindthetimetowrite.Butitsnotimpossible.Itrequiresdeterminationandsingle-mindedness.5thatmostbestsellingauthorsbeganwritingwhentheyweredoingotherthingstoearnaliving.Andtoday,evenwriterswhoarefairly6oftenhavetodootherworkto7theirwritingincome.AsHarlanCobenhassuggested,itsa8ofpriorities.Tomakewritingapriority,youllhaveto9someofyourday-to-dayactivitiesandsomethingsyoureallyenjoy.Dependingonyour10andyourlifestyle,thatmightmeanspendinglesstimewatchingtelevisionorlisteningtomusic,thoughsomepeoplecanwrite11theylistentomusic.Youmighthaveto12theamountofexerciseorsportyoudo.Youllhavetomakesocialmediaan13activityratherthanadaily,time-consuming14.Therellprobablyhavetobelesssocializingwithyourfriendsandlesstimewithyourfamily.Itsa15learningcurve,anditwontalwaysmakeyoupopular.Theresjustonethingyoushouldtrytokeepatleastsometimefor,16yourwritingandthatsreading.Anywriterneedstoreadasmuchandaswidelyastheycan;itstheone17supportersomethingyoucantdowithout.Timeisfinite.Theolderyouget,the18itseemstogo.Weneedtouseitascarefullyandas19aswecan.Thatmeansprioritisingouractivitiessothatwespendmosttimeonthethingswereallywanttodo.Ifyoureawriter,thatmeans20writing.1.AdifficultBnormalCsteadyDpleasant2.AcombinedBcomparedCconfusedDconfronted3.AIfBThoughCOnceDUnless4.AenoughBstrangeCwrongDeasy5.AAcceptBExplainCRememberDSuppose6.Awell-knownBwell-advisedCwell-informedDwell-chosen7.AdonateBgenerateCsupplementDcalculate8.AcauseBpurposeCquestionDcondition9.AhighlightBsacrificeCcontinueDexplore10.ArelationsBinterestsCmemoriesDskills11.AuntilBbecauseCwhileDbefore12.AputupwithBmakeupforChangontoDcutdownon13.AintelligentBoccasionalCintensiveDemotional14.AhabitBtestCdecisionDplan15.AtoughBgentleCrapidDfunny16.AinplaceofBinchargeofCinresponsetoDinadditionto17.AindispensableBinnovativeCinvisibleDinstant18.AdullerBharderCquieterDquicker19.ApeacefullyBgenerouslyCproductivelyDgratefully20AatmostBinturnConaverageDaboveall【答案】1.Bnormal2.Bcompared3.AIf4.Deasy5.CRemember6.Awell-known7.Csupplement8.Cquestion9.Bsacrifice10.Binterests11.Cwhile12.Dcutdownon13.Boccasional14.Ahabit15.Atough16.Dinadditionto17.Aindispensable18.Dquicker19.Cproductively20.DaboveallSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text3Wehaveallencounteredthem,inbothourpersonalandprofessionallives.Thinkaboutthetimesyoufelttrickedorfrustratedbyamembershiporsubscriptionthathadaseamlesssign-upprocessbutwaslaterdifficulttocancel.Somethingthatshouldbesimpleandtransparentcanbecomplicated,intentionallyorunintentionally,inwaysthatimpairconsumerchoice.Theseareexamplesofdarkpatterns.Firstcoinedin2010byuserexperienceexpertHarryBrignull,darkpatternsisacatch-alltermforpracticesthatmanipulateuserinterfacestoinfluencethedecision-makingabilityofusers.Brignullidentifies12typesofcommondarkpatterns,rangingfrommisdirectionandhiddencoststoroachmotel,whereauserexperienceseemseasyandintuitiveatthestart,butturnsdifficultwhentheusertriestogetout.Ina2019studyof53,000productpagesand11,000websites,researchersfoundthataboutonein10employsthesedesignpractices.Thoughwidelyprevalent,theconceptofdarkpatternsisstillnotwellunderstood.Businessandnonproftleadersshouldbeawareofdarkpatternsandtrytoavoidthegrayareastheyengender.Whereisthelinebetweenethical,persuasivedesignanddarkpatterns?BusinessesshouldengageinconversationswithIT,compliance,risk,andlegalteamstoreviewtheirprivacypolicy,andincludeinthediscussionthecustomer/userexperiencedesignersandcodersresponsibleforthecompany'suserinterface,aswellasthemarketersandadvertisersresponsibleforsign-ups,checkoutbaskets,pricing,andpromotions.Anyoralltheseteamscanplayaroleincreatingoravoidingdigitaldeception.Lawmakersandregulatorsareslowlystartingtoaddresstheambiguityarounddarkpatterns,mostrecentlyatthestatelevel.InMarch,theCaliforniaAttorneyGeneralannouncedtheapprovalofadditionalregulationsundertheCaliforniaConsumerPrivacyAct(CCPA)thatensurethatconsumerswillnotbeconfusedormisledwhenseekingtoexercisetheirdataprivacyrights.Theregulationsaimtobandarkpatterns-thismeansprohibitingcompaniesfromusingconfusinglanguageorunnecessarystepssuchasforcingthemtoclickthroughmultiplescreensorlistentoreasonswhytheyshouldntoptout.Asmorestatesconsiderpromulgatingadditionalregulations,thereisaneedforgreateraccountabilityfromwithinthebusinesscommunity.Darkpatternsalsocanbeaddressedonaself-regulatorybasis,butonlyiforganizationsholdthemselvesaccountable,notjusttolegalrequirements,butalsotoindustrybestpracticesandstandard.31.Itcanbelearnedfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthatdarkpatterns_. Aimproveuserexperiences Bleakuserinformationforprofit Cundermineusersdecision-making Dremindusersofhiddencosts32.The2019studyondarkpatternsismentionedtoshow_. Atheirmajorflaws Btheircomplexdesigns Ctheirseveredamage Dtheirstrongpresence33.Tohandledigitaldeception,businessesshould_. Alistentocustomerfeedback Btalkwithrelevantteams Cturntoindependentagencies Drelyonprofessionaltraining34.TheadditionalregulationsundertheCCPAareintendedto_. Aguideusersthroughopt-outprocesses Bprotectconsumersfrombeingtricked Cgrantcompaniesdataprivacyrights Drestrictaccesstoproblematiccontent35.Accordingtothelastparagraph,akeytocopingwithdarkpatternsis_. Anewlegalrequirements Bbusinesses'self-discipline Cstrictregulatorystandards Dconsumers'safetyawareness【答案】31.Cundermineusersdecision-making32.Dtheirstrongpresence33.Btalkwithrelevantteams34.Bprotectconsumersfrombeingtricked35.Bbusinesses'self-disciplineSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)Althoughwetryourbest,sometimesourpaintingsrarelyturnoutasoriginallyplanned!Changesinthelight,thelimitationsofyourpalette,andjustplainoldlackofexperienceandtechniquemeanthatwhatyoustartouttryingtoachievesometimesdoesntcometolifethewaythatyouexpected.Althoughthiscanbefrustratinganddisappointing,itturnsoutthatthiscanactuallybegoodforyou!Unexpectedresultshavetwobenefits:forstarters,youprettyquicklylearntodealwithdisappointment,andintime(oftenthroughrepeatederror)torealisethatwhenonedoorcloses,anotheropens.Youquicklylearntoadaptandcomeupwithcreativesolutionstotheproblemsthepaintingpresents,andthismeansthatthinkingoutsidetheboxbecomessecondnaturetothepainter!Creativeproblemsolvingskillsareincrediblyusefulindailylife,andmeanyouremorelikelytobeabletoquicklycomeupwithasolutionwhenaproblemarises.虽然我们尽了最大的努力，但有时我们的画作最终很少会像原来计划的那样!光线的变化、调色板有限的颜色种类以及只是普通的经验和技术欠缺，都意味着你一开始尝试要做到的事情，有时并不会以你预期的方式实现。虽然这可能会令人沮丧和失望，但事实证明，这实际上可以是对你有好处的!意想不到的结果有两个好处：首先，你很快就能学会如何处理失望情绪，并最终(通常是通过不断地犯错)意识到当一扇门关闭时，另一扇门就会打开。你也很快就能学会适应并想出创造性的解决方案来解决画作中呈现的问题，这意味着跳出固有思维成为了画家的第二天性!创造性的问题解决技能在日常生活中非常有用，并意味着当问题出现时，你更有可能快速想出解决方案。SectionIVWritingPartA47.Directions:Supposeyouareplanningacampusfoodfestival.Writeanemailtotheinternationalstudentsinyouruniversityto1)introducethefoodfestival,and2)invitethemtoparticipate.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Donotuseyourownnameintheemail;useLiMinginstead.(10points)【审题】