精品高一英语必修一知识点整理最全五篇.doc

高一英语必修一知识点整理最全五篇英语是我们学习的主要科目之一，英语作为国际性语言，学好英语自然有很多好处。学习英语要从最基础的知识开始学，而且需要端正学习态度，因为学习外语需要坚持。下面就是小编给大家带来的高一英语必修一知识点总结，希望能帮助到大家！高一英语必修一知识点总结1一. 直接引语和间接引语(一)直接引述别人的原话，叫做直接引语;用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。1. 时态的变化：直接引语变为间接引语时，通常受转述动词said, asked等的影响而使用过去化的时态，即把原来的时态向过去推，也就是一般现在时变为一般过去时，现在进行时变为过去进行时，等等。例如：Tom said to me,“My brother is doing his homework.”Tom said to me that his brother was doing his homework.2. 人称代词、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等等的变化： 根据意义进行相应的变化，例如：She asked Jack,“Where have you been?”She asked Jack where he had been.He said,“These books are mine.”He said that those books were his.(二)直接引语改为间接引语时，都使用陈述语序，但是因为原句的句式不同，所以变成间接引语时所用的连词会有所不同。直接引语如果是一般疑问句，用连接词whether或if;如果是特殊疑问句，则用疑问词引导间接引语。转述的动词一般用asked，可以在其后加上一个间接宾语me, him, her, us等。如：She said,“Is your father at home?”She asked me if/whether my father was at home.“What do you do every Sunday?”My friend asked me.My friend asked me what I did every Sunday.直接引语如果是祈使句，改为间接引语时，要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式，并在不定式的前面根据原句的语气(即请求或命令)加上ask, tell, order等动词，如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。其句型为：ask / tell / order someone (not) to do something. 例如：She said to us,“Please sit down.”She asked us to sit down.He said to him,“Go away!”He ordered him to go away.He said, “Dont make so much noise, boys.”He told the boys not to make so much noise.高一英语必修一知识点总结2【现在进行时】1. 表示现在 (说话瞬间) 正在进行或发生的动作。例句 He is reading a newspaper now.2. 表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作 (说话时动作不一定正在进行)。例句 What are you doing these days?3. 表示说话人现在对主语的行为表示赞叹或厌恶等, 常与always, constantly, continually等副词连用。例句 He is always thinking of others.4. 表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。常限于go, come, leave, start, arrive等表“移动”、“方向”的词。例句 He is coming to see me next week.【过去进行时】1. 表示过去某时正在进行的动作。例句 He was sleeping when Mary came to see him.2. 动词go, come, leave, arrive, start等的过去进行时常表过去将来时。例句 She said she was going to Beijing the day after tomorrow.【一般现在时】1. 表示现在习惯或经常反复发生的动作或存在的状态, 常与usually, always, sometimes, often, every day / week / month / year等时间状语连用。例句 He often does his homework in his study.2. 表示主语现在的特征、性格和状态。例句 The dictionary belongs to me.3. 表示客观规律或科学真理、格言, 以及其他不受时间限制的客观存在。例句 The moon goes around the sun.4. 在有连词if, unless, before, as soon as, when, once, however等引导的时间、条件和让步状语从句中, 用一般现在时表将来。例句 If you work hard, you wont fail in the exam.高一英语必修一知识点总结3【知识点】1.right away毫不迟疑，立刻2.It seemed as if the world was at an end.世界似乎到了末日。从句表示“(在某人)看来好像;似乎” It seems/looks/appears as if/though看起来好像 Sb./Sth.looks as if/though There seems/appears(to be)There appears to have been a mistake.2.in ruins.变为废墟3.Two-thirds4.Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.5.under the weight of在重压下，迫于6.in the open air在户外，在野外，露天7.take turns to do sth依次，轮流做某事in turn依次地，轮流地8.be shocked at对感到震惊9.be proud of以为自豪10.express ones thanks to sb/for sth对/因表示感谢11.without warning毫无预兆12.next to紧接着，相邻，次于13.get away from避免，摆脱，离开14.disaster-hit areas灾区15.Listening to English is a very important skill because it is only when we understand what is said to us that we can have a conversation with somebody.听英语是一项很重要的技能，因为只有当我们懂得别人给我们说什么我们才能与他交谈。16.It is believed that人们认为17.hold up举起;托住;支撑列举，推举18.make up弥补,虚构,整理,和解,化妆,拼凑19.be trapped in被困于20.It is said that据说.21.be fixed to被固定到22.be tied to被绑在高一英语必修一知识点总结41. The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low. 他没能上电影学院是因为他的分数太低了。该句巾的why引导一个定语从句，而that引导表语从句。1. 句中that引导的表语从句说明主语reason的具体内容，往往被看作是固定句型：The reason is / was that clause. 当主语是reason / cause时，一般不能用because或why引导表语从句，以免造成语意重复。当主语是This / That时，可以由because / why引导表语从句。例如：One reason is that people traveled to America from all European countries.【考例】(NMET 1999)- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.- Is that _ you had a few days off?A. why B. when C. what D. where考查目标 表语从句。答案与解析A 句子的意思是“那就是你请了几天假的原因吗?”因此可知答案为why。2. why在句中是关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason，同时它在定语从句中作状语，此时why = for which，但要注意：关系词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时，要用关系代词that或which。【考例】(2002上海春招)Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A. he explained B. what he explainedC. how he explained D. why he explained考查目标定语从句。答案与解析A what，how不能引导定语从句，排除B、C两项;the reason在定语从句中作explained的宾语，可填that / which，或者也可以省略。2. Many people who saw the film were afraid to swim in the sea when they remembered the scenes in which people were eaten by the shark. 好多看过这个片子的人一想起片中鲨鱼食人的场面.就不敢下海游泳了。该句是一个复杂长句，从when到句子末尾是状语从句，在从句中包含一个由which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词scenes; 在前面的主句里面。包含一个由who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词people。例如：Those who want to go camping next Sunday sign your name here before class is over.定语从句关系词的选择，要遵循“瞻前顾后”的原则，所谓“瞻前”即看前面的先行词指人还是指物;“顾后”即后面的定语从句，看关系词在定语从句中作什么成分。例如：This is the factory where he works. (状语) / This is the factory (that / which) he visited. (宾语)【考例】(NMET 1992)In the dark street，there wasn t a single person _ she could turn for help.A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom考查目标定语从句。答案与解析D “turn to sb for help”为固定短语，意思是“向某人求助”，所以选to whom。3. When asked about the secret of his success, Steven Spielberg said that he owes much of his success and happiness to his wife and children. 当有人问起他成功的秘诀时。史蒂文?斯皮尔伯格说起他的成功和幸福主要来自于妻子和孩子。该句中的 when 是时间状语从句的省略形式。在状语从句中，如果从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语是it，而且从句谓语动词是be或包含be时，常常将从句主语与be省略。例如：Although born in Chicago, the author is famous for his stories about New York.【考例】 (2003上海春招) Unless _to speak，you should remain silent at the conference.A. invited B. invitingC. being invited D. having invited考查目标状语从句的省略现象。答案与解析A unless为连词，后面省略了you are，所以选invited。高一英语必修一知识点总结5一、现在分词和过去分词的构成(形式)外教一对一 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done过去分词的构成：done二、过去分词的用法过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作，只有一种形式。过去分词用法如下：1.作定语 和现在分词作定语的用法相同。作定语用的过去分词如果是单词，一般放在名词的前面;如果是过去分词短语，要放在名词的后面。2.作表语3.作宾语补足语4.作状语三、现在分词的用法1. 作定语 作定语用的分词如果是单词，一般放在名词的前面。如果是分词短语，一般放在名词的后面，它的功用相当于定语从句。2. 作表语3. 作宾语补足语 分词在复合宾语中可作宾语补足语。可带这种复合宾语的动词有：see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep等。高一英语必修一知识点整理归纳5篇最新第 10 页 共 10 页