2021中考英语语法考点专题精讲精练 [2017年中考英语语法专题详解三] .doc

2021中考英语语法考点专题精讲精练 2017年中考英语语法专题详解三 中考英语语法考点专题精讲精练 2017年中考英语语法专题详解三 中考网权威发布2017年中考英语语法专题详解三，更多2017年中考英语语法专题详解三相关信息请访问中考网。介词、连词一. 介词1. 介词概述：介词表示它与后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。介词是虚词，不能单独做句子成分。介词在英语中用法很活，也无一定规律可循。在初中范围内还应学一个记住一个，特别是那些和动词的特殊搭配。2. 常用介词的意义和用法。 时间或地点介词in、on、at的用法区别：表示时间时, in表示在一段时间里(在将来时句子中则表示在一段时间之后), on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上下午等, at表示在某个时刻或者瞬间;表示地点时, in表示在某个范围之内, on表示在某个平面上或与一个面相接触,at则表示在某个具体的场所或地点。如：He was born on the night of May 10th.I usually get up at 7：00 in the morning.His glasses are on the desk.My brother is at the bus stop. after与in表示时间的用法区别：“after+(具体时刻/从句)”表示“在时刻之后”常用于一般过去时态;“in+(一段时间)”表示“在(多久)之后”,常用于将来时态。如：He said that he would come back after 6：00.My father is coming back from Astralia in about a month. since与for表示时间的用法区别：“since+(具体时刻/that-从句)”表示“自从起一直到现在”,“for +(一段时间)”表示“持续一段时间”,都常用于完成时态;如：My father has worked in this factory since 1970.My father has worked in this factory for over 30 years. by、in与with表示方式的用法区别：都可以表示“工具、手段”,但是by主要表示“乘坐”某个交通工具或“以方式”,在被动句中可以表示动作的执行者;in表示“使用”某种语言/文字,with表示“使用”某个具体的工具、手段。如：We write with our hands and walk with our feet.Please speak in English.Lets go to the zoo by bus.It was invented by Adison. about与on的用法区别：都可以表示“有关”,但是about的意义比较广,而on主要表示“有关(专题/课程)”。如：Tom is going to give a speech on the history of China.They are talking about the English test. through与across、over的用法区别： through指“穿过(门洞/人群/树林)”; across和over可以指“跨越(街道/河流)”,可互换,但是表示“翻过”时只能用over. 如：Just then a kangaroo (鼠)ran across the road.(就在那时一只袋鼠跑过路面)There is a bridge across/over the river.(河上有座桥)They climbed over the mountain and arrived there (他们翻过大山到达了那里)/The visitors went through a big gate into another park.(参观者们穿过一个大门来到另一个公园)(7)as与like的区别：两个词都表示“像”,但是as译为“作为”,表示的是职业、职务、作用等事实,而like译为“像一样”,表示外表,不是事实。如：Let me speak to you as a teacher.(我以老师的身份和你讲话。)Let me speak to you like a teacher.(让我像一位老师一样和你讲话)(8)in front of 与in the front of：in front of“在的前面”, 与in the front of“在的前部”。如：A group of people was standing in front of the hall.In the front of the hall stood a group of people.(12)except与besides的区别：except“除了”,表示排除掉某人物,即不包含;而besides“除了”则表示包含,即“不仅又”。如：Everyone went to the park except Tom.(除了Tom,大家都去了公园)(Tom没有去公园)/Besides maths he also studied many other subjects.(除了数学之外,他还学其他许多功课)(“数学”也是他学的功课之一)连词1.连词概述：连词是一种虚词，用于连接单词，短语或句子，但不单独做句子成分。按照连词的性质，可将连词分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词如：and，but，or，for等，它们即可连接单词，短语，又可连接句子。从属连词如：when，before ，because等，它们主要引导名词性从句。2.常见连词的用法：1)并列连词 的用法： 并列连词有：and, but, or, nor, so, for yet, however, as well as, both.and, not only.but also, either.or, neither.nor, still,And： 连接单词短语句子 。如：Tom and I study in the same school.But, or ：I have a pen but no pencil. / Would you like coffee or tea?Nothing but除了，只有： I did nothing but watch it.Or表示否则：如： Hurry up or you will miss the train.for 表示后面的句子是原因。如： He is good at piano for he practices harder than others.Not onlybut also 不仅而且。可并列主、谓、宾、表及句子。主语并列时，谓语要就近一致。如: Not only he but also I am a nurse.As well as 以及，同样。并列单词、短语、句子。并列主语时，动词要随前面的主语变化 .如：He works as well as he canEitheror 既又，或或，并列主、谓、宾、表及状语 ，如：Either come in or go out.Neithernor 既不也不， 并列主、谓、宾、表、状语，并列主语时，谓语就近一致。如：Neither you nor he is lazy.Bothand 和，既也，并列主、谓、宾及表语。I can speak both English and French.nor 也不，引导句子要倒装 。如：He can not play the piano, nor can I.so 因此，所以，不和because连用。如：You like swimming, so do I.1) 从属连词的用法： 从属连词有：after, when, before, as, while, since, until, till, if, unless, because, than, that, whether, so thatafter 表示“时间”，在之后。如：After I finished the school, I became a worker in the factory.Although/though 表示让步， “尽管”。如： Although she is young, she knows a lot.as 表示时间，“当时”，方式“象”，原因，“由于、因为”让步，“尽管、虽然” 。如： As it was rainy, we couldnt go out now.As if/as though 表方式，“似乎、好像” 。如： He told us such a story as though he had been there before.As long as/so long as 表条件，“只要” 。如： As long as I am here, Ill go to help you.As soon as 表时间，“一就”。如： I will call you as soon as I come back.because 表原因，“因为”。如： I have to practice more because I am not good at English.before 表时间，“在之前 。如： You should think more before you do it.Even if/ even though 表让步，“即使”。如： You should try again even if you failed.Hardlywhen 表时间，“(刚)一就”。如： Hardly I entered the gate when the bell rang.if “假如”，引导条件状语从句。如： We will stay at home if the rain doesnt stop.“是否”，引导宾语从句。如; I dont know if he goes shopping.In order that 表目的，“为了，以便”。如： We study hard in order that we can pass the exam.No matter +疑问词 表让步，“无论，不管”。如： No matter what you do, you should try your best.No soonerthan 表时间，“刚一就”。如： No sooner had I come home than it began to rain.once 表时间，“一旦”。如： Once you read this book, youll never forget it.since 表时间，“自从以来”.如： He has been in this city since he left school.表原因，“既然，由于” 。如: Since the job is dangerous, lets do it more carefully.so far as/as far as 表条件，“就而言，就而论”.如：As far as I know, it is easy for you to speak in English.So that 表目的，“以便” 。如： Speak loud so that everybody can hear clearly.Sothat 表结果“如此,以致”。如： He got up so early that he caught the early bus.than 表示比较，“比” 。如： Things were worse than we thought.unless 表条件，“除非，如果不” 。如： You will fail in the test unless you study hard.Until/till 表时间，“直到为止” 。如： Ill wait till my mother comes back.when 表时间，“当时。如： When they got there, the train has left.whether “是否”引导名词性从句 。如： Whether he can come to see us is unknown.表让步，“不管/无论、是否”。如：Whether she is rich or poor, she is always happy.while 表时间，“当时” 。如： While he was in Beijing, he visited the Great Wall.whenever 表时间，“无论什么时候”。如： Whenever you meet any trouble, tell me at once.实战演练(2×50)1.-How old are you?-Im fifteen. I was born _ 1990.A. in B. at C. on2. I study for a test _ working with a group.A. in B. by C. at3. A tsunami(海啸) happened in some southern Asian countries_ December, 2004.A. at B. on C. in4. Tims mum is worried _ her sons study as he plays computer games too much.A. for B. about C. with5. We should return the books to the library _ time.A. about B. on C. by6. _ your help, my maths has improved a lot.A. With B. Without C. Under7. A thief stole my wallet_ the night of May 1st.A. at B. in C. on8. James is looking _ his cat everywhere. Have you seen it ?A. like B. at C. for9. Its not always necessary to look up the words _ the dictionary while reading. Sometimes we need to guess.A. on B. in C. at10. Zhangjiajie is famous _ its beautiful mountains.A. from B. at C. for11.Children get gifts _ Christmas and _ their birthdays.A. on; on B. at; on C. in; in12. The plane is starting_five minutes.A. in B. at C. for13. Lucy sits_ the third row, _Jim"s right.A. on; on B. in; at C. in; on14.Shanghai is_ the east of China, but Japan is _ the east of China.A. to; in B. in; to . C. on; to15. 1 like rice dumplings _ meat _ them.A. in; on B. with; on C. with; in16. When you are _ trouble please ask help _ us.A. in; from B. in; for C. on; from17. He put up a map _ the back wall because there was a hole _ it.A. on; on B. at; in C. on; in18. This kind of TV is made_ China. .A. in B. from C. at19. There are some birds singing_ the trees.A. in B. on C. at20. Don"t read _ the sun. It"s bad _ your eyes.A. in; to B. under; for C. with; to21.Some planes are flying_ the city.A. through B. over , C. on ,22. A mother camel was walking _ her son _ the desert.A. without; along B. with; through C. next to; pass23. The river runs_ the city.A. cross B. through C. over24. My uncle lives _ 56 Changan Street.A.on B. of C. at25. They are waiting _ a bus _ the bus stop.A. for; in B. on; at C. for; at26. Is there any difference _ these two sentences?A. for B. in C. between27. Our headmaster showed the visitors _ our school.A. to B. for C. around28. Nobody knew it _ me.A. except B. beside C. besides29. Do you know any other foreign language_ English.A. without B. beside C. besides30. - Can you play football?- Yes, I can, _ I can"t play it very well.A. or B. and C. but31. There is something wrong_my bike.A. at B. in C. with32. -His sudden death surprised his wife.-It was so bad. His wife was surprised _ his death.A. by B. with C. at33. Don"t laugh_ him, everyone will make mistakes.A. at B. to C. about34. What did you have _ breakfast?A. at B. as C. for D. about35. He can speak English_ Chinese.A. but B. also C. and36. Physics is not so easy, _I like it very much.A. but B. or C. since37. Will Tom wait for her at home _ at the library?A. or B. as C. so that38. I"ll give her the gift _ Mary arrives.A. so B. before C. as soon as39. The woman was_ angry_ she couldn"t say anything.A. neithernor B. eitheror C. sothat40. I can"t sleep well at night, _I often feel sleepy in the day.A. so B. because C. and41. Study hard, _ you will fall behind.A. and B. but C. or42. _ John _I are policemen.A. Neither . nor B. Either . or C. Both . and43. He didn"t go to sleep _he finished his homework.A. till B. before C. until44. Wait for me in the room _ I come back.A. until B. and C. so45. Go along the road, _ you"ll find the bookstore at the end of it.A. when B. and C. or46. You"ll be late _ you don"t get up early tomorrow morning.A. if B. when C. before47. The scientist knows two languages. He can speak _ English _ French.A. either; or B. neither; nor C. both; and48. His hobby is _ reading_ collecting stamps. Its growing flowers.A. either; or B. both; and C. neither; nor49. Neither he nor I _ from Canada. We are from Australia.A. is B. are C. am50. Mr Smith comes from America, and he has studied Chinese in China for 5 years. So you can talk with him _.A. either in English or in Chinese B. not in Chinese but in EnglishC. just in English, not in Chinese答案： 1-5 ABCBB 6-10 ACCBC 11-15 BACBC 16-20 BCAAB 21-25 BBBCC26-30 CCACC 31-35 CCACC36-40 AACCA 41-45 CCCAB 46-50 ACCCA第 13 页 共 13 页