2021年1月浙江省普通高校招生学考科目考试英语试卷及答案解析.pdf

2021 年年 1 月浙江省普通高校招生学考科目考试英语试题月浙江省普通高校招生学考科目考试英语试题第一部分听力（共两节，满分第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30 分）分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题纸上。到答题纸上。第一节（共第一节（共 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分分，满分 7. 5 分）分）听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt?A. 19. 15.B. 9. 18.C. 9. 15.答案是 C。1. What did the woman do yesterday?A. She played football.B. She watched a game.C. She worked in the lab.2. What will the weather be like tomorrow evening?A. Cloudy.B. Rainy.C. Windy.3. What will Jack do this weekend?A. Go on a school trip.B. Have a family picnic.C. Prepare for an exam.4. Why does the man make the call?A. To arrange a meeting.B. To cancel a visit.C. To ask for assistance.5. How does the man feel now?A. Refreshed.B. Anxious.C. Sleepy.第二节（共第二节（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分分，满分 22. 5 分）分）听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife.B. Hostess and guest.C. Chef and customer.7. What is the man most likely to have for dinner?A. French fries.B. Ham sandwiches.C. Fish and vegetables.听第 7 段材料，回答第 8 至 10 题。8. Where will George go after the business trip?A. Milan.B. Rome.C. Florence.9. What is banned in Florence?A. Eating in the street.B. Dressing up as soldiers.C. Singing on public transport.10. What does George think of the new rules?A. Theyre effective.B. Theyre timely.C. Theyre reasonable.听第 8 段材料，回答第 11 至 13 题。11. Why does Ms. McDaniel talk to Frank?A. He missed a speech.B. He failed to pass a test.C. He wanted to drop a class.12. How would Ms. McDaniels students react if a speaker made a mistake?A. laugh at the speaker.B. Sympathize with the speaker.C. Persuade the speaker to try again.13. How does Ms. McDaniel sound?A. Optimistic.B. Humorous.C. Encouraging.听第 9 段材料，回答第 14 至 16 题。14. What makes the man surprised?A. The number of job applicants.B. The experience of employees.C. The candidates language skills.15. How many candidates are the speakers going to meet?A. 2.B. 12.C. 20.16. What do the speakers talk about at the end of the conversation?A. Job description.B. Interview procedure.C. Candidates background.听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。17. What did Gallo receive yesterday?A. A call from her sister.B. A bottle from her aunt.C. A letter from a stranger.18. Where did the fisherman find the bottle?A. On Monhegan Island.B. At Cumberland.C. In Spain.19. How old was Gallo when she threw out the bottle?A. Fight.B. Eleven.C. Fourteen.20. Where is the bottle now?A. In the ocean.B. At Gallos home.C. With the fisherman.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 35 分）分）第一节（共第一节（共 10 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2. 5 分，满分分，满分 25 分）分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 ID 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。More than 25 years ago, Saroo Brierley lived in rural（农村）India. One day, he played with his brother alongthe rail line and fell asleep. When he woke up and found himself alone, the 4-year-old decided his brother might beon the train he saw in front of him-so he got on.That train took him a thousand miles across the country to a totally strange city. He lived on the streets, andthen in an orphanage（孤儿院）. There, he was adopted by an Australian family and flown to Tasmania.As he writes in his new book, A Long Way Home, Brierley couldnt help but wonder about his hometownback in India. He remembered landmarks, but since he didnt know his towns name, finding a small neighborhoodin a vast country proved to be impossible.Then he found a digital mapping program. He spent years searching for his hometown in the programssatellite pictures. In 2011, he came across something familiar. He studied it and realized he was looking at a townscentral business district from a birds-eye view. He thought,“On the right-hand side you should see thethree-platform train station”and there it was. And on the left-hand side you should see a big fountain-and thereit was. Everything just started to match.When he stood in front of the house where he grew up as a child, he saw a lady standing in the entrance.Theres something about me, he thoughtand it took him a few seconds but he finally remembered what sheused to look like.In an interview Brierley says, My mother looked so much shorter than I remembered. But she came forth andwalked forward, and I walked forward, and my feelings and tears and the chemical in my brain, you know, it waslike a nuclear fusion（核聚变）. I just didnt know what to say, because I never thought seeing my mother wouldever come true. And here I am, standing in front of her. ”21. Why was Brierley separated from his family about 25 years ago?（）A. He got on a train by mistake.B. He got lost while playing in the street.C. He was taken away by a foreigner.D. He was adopted by an Australian family.22. How did Brierley find his hometown? （）A. By analyzing old pictures.B. By travelling all around India.C. By studying digital maps.D. By spreading his story via his book.23. What does Brierley mainly talk about in the interview? （）A. His love for his mother.B. His reunion with his mother.C. His long way back home.D. His memory of his hometown.BAt the start of the 20th century, an American engineer named John Elfreth Watkins made predictions aboutlife today. His predictions about slowing population growth, mobile phones and increasing height were close to themark. But he was wrong in one prediction: that everybody would walk 10 miles a day.Today, in Australia, most children on average fall 2, 000 steps short of the physical activity they need to avoidbeing overweight. In the early 1970s, 40 per cent of children walked to school, while in 2010, it was as low as 15per cent.The decline is not because we have all become lazy. Families are pressed for time, many with both parentsworking to pay for their house, often working hours not of their choosing, living in car-dependent neighborhoodswith limited public transport.The other side of the coin is equally a deprivation: for health and well-being, as well as lost opportunities（机会） for children to get to know their local surroundings. And for parents there are lost opportunities to walk and talkwith their young scholar about their day.Most parents will have eagerly asked their child about their day, only to meet with a “good”, quickly followedby Im hungry. This is also my experience as a mother. But somewhere over the daily walk more about my sonsday comes out. I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits. This is the unexpected and rare parentalopportunity to hear more.Many primary schools support walking school-bus routes （路线） , with days of regular,parent-accompaniedwalks. Doing just one of these a few times a week is better than nothing. It can be tough to begin and takes a littleplanning-running shoes by the front door, lunches made the night before, umbrellas on rainy days and hats on hotones-but its certainly worth trying.24. Why does the author mention Watkins predictions in the first paragraph? （）A. To make comparisons.B. To introduce the topic.C. To support her argument.D. To provide examples.25. What has caused the decrease in Australian childrens physical activity? （）A. Plain laziness.B. Health problems.C. Lack of time.D. Security concerns.26. Why does the author find walking with her son worthwhile? （）A. She can get relaxed after work.B. She can keep physically fit.C. She can help with her sons study.D. She can know her son better.CResearchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees (黑猩猩) use tocommunicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a vocabulary of 66gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining morethan 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges.Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this was the only form of intentional communication tobe recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where theydeliberately sent a message to another group member.Thats whats so amazing about chimp gestures, she said. Theyre the only thing that looks like humanlanguage in that respect. ”Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information fromanother animals call, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. Thiswas a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said.Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In onecase, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signaling: Climb on me. The youngster immediately jumpson to its mothers back and they travel off together. The big message from this study is that there is another species(物种) out there. that is meaningful in its communication, so thats not unique to humans, said Dr Hobaiter.Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study waspraiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the resultswere a little disappointing.The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we arestill missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions, she said. Moreover, the meaningsseem to not go beyond what other animal convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains. （）27. What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter?A. Memorizing specific words.B. Understanding complex information.C. Using voices to communicate.D. Communicating messages on purpose.（）28. What did Dr Shultz think of the study?A. It was well designed but poorly conducted.B. It was a good try but the findings were limited.C. It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable.D. It was a failure but the methods deserved praise.（）29. What does the underlined word gulf in the last paragraph mean?A. Difference.B. Conflict.C. Balance.D. Connection.（）30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?A. Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthroughB. Chimpanzees developed specific communication skillsC. Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdomD. Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。You run into the grocery store to pick up one bottle of water.You get what you need, head to the front, andchoose the line that looks fastest.You chose wrong. People who you swear got in other lines long after you are already checked out and off tothe parking lot.31It turns out, its just math working against you; chances are, the other line really is faster.Grocery stores try to have enough employees at checkout to get all their customers through with minimumdelay.32Any small interruption - a price check, a chatty customer-can have downstream effects, holding upan entire line.If there are three lines in the store, delays will happen randomly at different registers. Think about theprobability:33So its not just in your mind:Another line probably is moving faster.Researchers have a good way to deal with this problem. Make all customers stand in one long, snaking line-called a serpentine line - and serve each person at the front with the next available register.34This is whatthey do at most banks and fast-food restaurants. With a serpentine line, a long delay at one register wont unfairlypunish the people who lined up behind it. Instead, it will slow down everyone a little bit but speed up checkoutoverall.35It takes many registers to keep one line moving quickly, and some stores cant afford the space ormanpower. So wherever your next wait may be: Good luck.A. Why does this always seem to happen to you?B. So why dont most places encourage serpentine lines?C. Some of the may have stood in a queue for almost an hour.D. The chances of your line being the fastest are only one in three.E. How high is the probability that you are in the fastest waiting line?F. With three registers, this method is much faster than the traditional approach.G. But sometimes, as on a Sunday afternoon, the system gets particularly busy.第三部分第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分语言运用（共两节，满分 45 分）分）第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Last year I decided to do some volunteer work. I began to36on the Internet and discovered VolunteerUSA. Three months later I37myself on a plane to phoenix, Arizona. I was38at the thought of livingwith loads of new people for three months. However, within fifteen minutes of39, my worries had gone.Everyone was so40and like-minded that it was very41to feel at home.I was sent to the Coronado National Forest for my first 8-day42. We had to43everything weneeded and walk three miles to where we worked. It may not seem like a44way but in 35 heat and with aheavy pack, my legs were on fire.My job was to45a stairway out of rock. This46climbing up and down the side of a mountaininhabited (栖息) by mountain lions, although I should say they were only heard. never47.Three days later, a beautiful stairway came into being. The48of knowing that my49will be onthat mountainside for years to come is massive.But on the last night we were50in a thunderstorm. I woke up at midnight to find a swimming pool inmy tent. The temperature was close to51. I had to spend the rest of the night trembling in the only52part of my tent.53, I suffered a lot. But I know whatever I have to face in my life I was there and I54. I think Iam much55for having taken part in the project.（）36.A. calculateB. negotiateC. advertiseD. research（）37.A. imaginedB. introducedC. enjoyedD. found（）38.A. annoyedB. surprisedC. scaredD. excited（）39.A. arrivingB. SleepingC. thinkingD. walking（）40.A. confidentB. friendlyC. energeticD. curious（）41.A. funnyB. goodC. luckyD. easy（）42.A. tourB. projectC. campaignD. course（）43.A. dropB. makeC. carryD. buy（）44.A. niceB. safeC. longD. quick（）45.A. buildB. testC. cleanD. guard（）46.A. helpedB. endedC. allowedD. meant（）47.A. huntedB. trainedC. seenD. fed（）48.A. satisfactionB. ambitionC. expectationD. intention（）49.A. workB. memoryC. recordD. story（）50.A. leftB. caughtC. attackedD. separated（）51.A. boilingB. averageC. normalD. freezing（）52.A. tidyB. dryC. newD. soft（）53.A. Bythe wayB. Regardless of thatC. Needless to sayD. In either ease（）54.A. survivedB. resistedC. escapedD, recovered（）55.A. smarterB. strongerC. happierD. busier第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。In a study of 33 years of trends in Body Mass Index (体重指数) across 200 countries, the scientists found thatpeople worldwide are getting heavier56that most of the rise is due to gains in BMI in rural areas.BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool57gives an indication of whether someone isa healthy weight. It is calculated by dividing a58(perso