中考英语题目型解题目之完形填空.doc

【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流中考英语题目型解题目之完形填空.精品文档.中考完形填空解题技巧完形填空是一种综合能力测试题，是对英语语法、词汇、句型、阅读能力、理解能力和逻辑推理能力一种全方位检测。一般分为三种题型：选择型完形填空、选词填空型完形填空和直接填词型完形填空。不管那种形式，做这类试题要求我们掌握五大做题步骤：1、通读全文，掌握大意。2、做好语法分析。3、考虑词形变化。4、注意固定搭配。5、利用上下文下边我们就对这五大解题步骤做一详细分析一、通读全文，掌握大意。做题前，先将短文跳过空格快速阅读一遍，切忌别阅读边匆忙填空，这样会“只见树木，不见森林”影响对全文理解而出现错误。在阅读过程中，可根据上下文、语感、词语分析和判断，初步猜测空格词义，为后边做题做好铺垫。二、作好句法分析。在逐句阅读理解的基础上，理解每句所要表达的意思，然后通过句法分析判断要填的词是在句中充当主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语或宾补等。如果是主语或宾语，要填的应当是名词、代词或动名词；如果是谓语，要填的就应是动词；如果是在名词前作定语或者是在系动词后作表语，要填的应当是形容词；如果是状语就要考虑填副词；如果是宾补就要考虑是不定式、现在分词或过去分词。这一步骤尤其要和我们所学的英语三大句子结构结合起来，看缺少的是什么句子成分？然后用什么词来充当，这是最重要最基本的做题思路。（如像We  busy. He  fine.之类的句子，busy，fine都是形容词，也就是说句中还无动词，这一定是填系动词be，look等）三、考虑词形变化。在已经确定用什么词类的基础上，另外一个重要步骤是考虑词形变化，主要按照以下思路考虑：1、名词要考虑是该用单数还是用复数2、人称代词是用主格、宾格或者反身代词；物主代词要考虑用名词性还是形容词性以及双重所有格；不定代词要根据上下文选择和句意搭配。3、动词就要考虑是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；是谓语动词是主动语态还是被动语态，该用哪一种时态。非谓语动词是用-ing形式、不定式还是用过去分词等等。4、形容词和副词也是容易混淆的难点之一，要根据句意和该词在句子中的作用判断用形容词（定语和表语）还是副词（状语修饰动词或全句），确定用原级、比较级还是最高级。总之，切不可一确定是填哪个单词后，就在不作任何考虑的情况下填下去，选词填空型完形填空几乎所有要填的词都有不同词形变化，切记！四、注意固定搭配。某些词的考点是固定搭配，所以根据空格前后的词来判断固定搭配关系可以迅速正确的填写。固定搭配关系主要有以下几点：1、短语动词或形容词固定词组：如be good at, be interested in, make progress，pay a visit to, take care of, get on well with, have a party, have a population of2、介词固定短语：例如：at least, at most, at last, in this way, a lot of, , 3、基本句型结构：比如：双宾语结构、不定式做宾语（宾补）结构、动名词做宾语（宾补）结构等例如：give sb. sth., ask sb. to do sth., be/get used to, spend.doing, so.that.等等。五、利用上下文语境完形填空的文章是一个意义关联整体，在句子中出现词语重复、替代等是不可避免的，所以空格所处的词很可能是与上文有关的词，还有可能前后段落或对整篇文章的理解。有时甚至还要结合常识进行简单的逻辑推理才能准确判断出该填哪个词。另外，不同的题型其考察重点也有所区别：1、 选择型完形填空主要考察运用词汇能力、阅读理解能力、逻辑分析能力和推断能力2、 选词型完形填空主要考察运用词汇的各种不同表达形式，语法理解能力、阅读理解、分析和判断能力3、 填词型完形填空主要考察根据上下文和语法功能判断所需的词汇，如果不给出首字母提示则难度会更大青岛市2010年完形填空主要是选词型完形填空，包括运用所给词正确形式和选择恰当词两种形式。下边我们就分析一下该种题型的做题思路和步骤：VII.综合填空(共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）A.用所给词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。（7分)explain，take part in，not mean，know, miss，invite，discuss1. I am sorry you the last train. It left thirty minutes ago.2. The young teacher thought it easy the project to the students.3. The volunteers from our city some training before they go to Tibet.4. As a well-known actor, are you feeling happy?Not really. Sometimes I have a hard time who my real friends are.5. A famous inventor to our school last summer vacation.6. Don't bother your brother while he something with his classmates.7. Singing English songs well you can speak English well.B.短文填空选择恰当的单词填空，每词限用一次。（有两个多余的选项)(8分） by，nobody，popular，invented，can，quickly，and，beginnings, anyone，makePick up one of these cubes and you probably won't be able to put it down. How hard (8) it be to rearrange(重新排列）the nine colored squares on each side of the cube? In fact, there are 43×1030 possibilities ！ It has been 31 years since the cubes were sold in stores around the world. Its (9) ，however, began years earlier as a simple classroom example. In 1974, Dr. Erno Rubik (10) the “Magic Cube” as he called it. He did this to help his students understand 3-D concepts. This classroom model was quickly changed into a (11) toy.In 1979，Ideal Toys bought the rights(权利）（12) sold it as "Rubiks Cube”. The invention (13) became a 1980s cultural icon.As time went (14) ，the cube's popularity became less, however, it made a comeback with the Internet. Now (15) can go online and find many videos that show ways to solve the cube. Erik Akkersdijk of the Netherlands holds the present world record. He finished it in just 7. 08 seconds ！8. 9. 10. 11. .12. 13. 14. 15. . 分析：A部分给出的不是短文，而是单个句子，这样就降低了对上下文关联和阅读理解方面难度首先根据给出单词可以看出都是动词，所以出题者考察的主要是动词五种形式在句子中的实际应用1、 根据句意推断“错过了最后一班火车”，动作是过去发生，现在已经完成，要用现在完成时态have missed。2、 根据句意推断用explain“向学生说明”，根据句型结构用“不定式做宾语，it形式主语”to explain3、 根据句意推断用take part in“参加训练”根据时态“主将从现”原则，用一般将来时态-will take part in4、根据句意推断用know, have a hard time后可接不定式或者现在分词短语作定语,to do般表示未发生的事,doing表示正在或已经发生的 事。本句内容是一般现在时，所以使用现在分词短语作定语。5、根据句意“发明家是被邀请到我们学校”所以用invite的被动语态；时间发生在过去，故用-was invited6、根据句意推断用discuss。主句是祈使句，while引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态，用is discussing7、根据据以推断选择not mean。动名词作主语,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,需加助动词-does not meanB部分文章大意是：魔方很神奇，至今仍是一种流行的有难度的游戏，本文介绍了它的起源与发展的情况。8、本句是一个特殊疑问句，主语前缺少助动词或者情态动词，而联系动词用了原形be故选择can。9、本句中its后应该加名词，与后面began 呼应，因此选择beginnings。10、本空前面是某人，后面是某物，缺少谓语动词，且时间状语表示过去,故要用动词的过去式，所以选 invented .11、本空前有冠词，后有名词,需要填入形容词，故选popular012、本空前的bought the rights(权利）和后面的 sold it as 都是由 Ideal Toys 所做的，为并列关系，故用and。13、本句意思完整，不缺少主要成分,故用副词quickly强调事情发展迅速。14.、go by为固定短语，指(时间)过去。15、此句中缺少主语，且有“任何人”之意，故 选 anyone实战训练：按照以上解题思路和技巧，充分运用自己掌握的语言知识和词汇运用能力，分析各类型完形填空。一、2010河南省选择型完形填空：先通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。 Long ago，in a small village of Wakefield lived two farmers，Harry and PeterHarry was very hard-working while Peter was 36 Every day Harry got up early and came home late，but Peter walked around for fun One summer there was no 37 and the crops(庄稼)were dyingHarry thought，“I must do something to save these crops，or they shall die”With this 38 in mind，he went out to find a river so that he could dig a canal(沟渠)to his fieldHe walked on and on, feeling tired and thirstyAfter a 39 search，he found a river full of blue waterHe wasvery happyHe started digging a canal to his field. 40 it was noon his wife sent their daughter to bring Harry home 41 lunchBut Harry did not goHe did not want to leave his work unfinishedHe completed his work 42 at nightHe was very satisfiedHe went home，had a good meal and 43 into a sound sleep Peter did the sameBut he was not at all determined(有决心的)He also 44 digging a canal to his field but he didnt have his work completedHis field did not get 45 water and all his crops died Harrys field would be watered when neededHe had a good harvest because of his hard work( )36Acruel B1azy Ccareless Dsilly( )37Arain Bwind Ccloud Driver( )38Afeeling Bdream Cproblem Dthought( )39Aquick Blong Cslow Dspecial( )40AWhether BAlthough CWhen DUnless ( )41Afor Bto Cwith Dat( )42Aearly Bfar C1ate Ddeep( )43Afell B1ooked Cturned Dwalked( )44Astopped B1oved C：forgot Dstarted( )45Aclean Benough C1ittle Dfresh二、2010浙江省湖州市选择型完形填空：阅读下面短文，理解其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。Long long ago,there was a swan（天鹅）with golden feathers（金羽毛）.She lived in a lake.A woman lived in a small house_26_the lake with her two daughters.They were very poor.They worked hard all year round,_27_still,they lived a hard life and sometimes they even didnt have enough_28_to buy food.The swan was _29_to see that.She said to herself, “Ill give one of my_30_to them each day,then they can live a happy life with the money selling my feathers.”That evening,she _31_to the poor womans house and left a golden feather on the table without saying_32_.From then on,the swam came every day and gave them a feather.The woman was very happy because their life was much_33_than before.But day after day,the woman became greedy（贪婪）.She said to her _34_.”The swan may fly away one day.If so,we will be poor again.We should take all_35_feathers when she comes next time.”“Oh,no,Mom!”cried the daughters, “This will _36_the swan.She helps us a lot !”But the mother wouldnt listen.When the _37_came as usual,the mother caught her and took all her feathers.But suddenly,the golden feathers _38_chicken feathers.Then ,the Golden Swan said, “Poor Mother,I came to -39_you,but you wanted to kill me.Now,I am leaving and will _40_come back.Never be greedy!”With these words,the swan flew away.26.A.aboveB.overC.nearD.under27.A.andB.butC.soD.or28.A.moneyB.timeC.roomD.energy29.A.happyB.surprisedC.sadD.scared30.A.presentsB.golden coinsC.feathersD.collections31.A.flewB.ranC.climbedD.walked32.A.somethingB.everythingC.nothingD.anything33.A.dullerB.betterC.busierD.harder34.A.brothersB.sistersC.sonsD.daughters35.A.hisB.herC.theirD.our36.A.hurtB.saveC.protectD.refuse37.A.womanB.daughterC.chickenD.swan38.A.heard ofB.changed intoC.looked forD.came from39.A.troubleB.helpC.teachD.invite40.A.sometimesB.alwaysC.usuallyD.never 三、2010年济南市选择型完形填空：阅读下面短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳选项。From Monday to Friday most people are busy working or studying, but in the evenings and weekends they are free and 51 themselves. Some watch television or go to the movies, others take part in sports. This is decided by their own 52 .There are many different ways to spend our free time. Almost everyone has some kind of 53 . It may be something from colleting stamps to 54 model planes. Some hobbies are very expensive, but others dont cost anything at all. Some collections are worth 55 of money, others are valuable only to their owners.I know a man who has a coin collection worth several 56 dollars. A short time ago he bought a rare fifty-cent piece which cost him 250! He was very happy about this collection and thought the price was all right. On the other hand, my youngest brother collects match boxes. He has almost 600 kinds of them, but I wonder 57 they are worth any money. However, to my brother they are quite valuable. 58 makes him happier than to find a new match box for his collection.Thats what a hobby means, I think. It is something we 59 to do in our free time just for the fun of it. The value in dollars is not 60 , but the pleasure it gives us is.51. A. love B. work C. enjoy D. play52. A. lives B. interests C. jobs D. things53. A. hobby B. thing C. job D. way54. A. make B. making C. makes D. made55. A. a little B. a few C. a lot D. a number56. A. thousand B. thousands C. thousands of D. thousand of57. A. that B. if C. what D. why58. A. Everything B. Anything C. Nothing D. Something59. A. have B. need C. refuse D. like60. A. good B. low C. important D. cheap四、济南市2010年选词型完形填空：A.阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的单词填空。 works used study catch playing Xiao Qing likes (86) _ computers games very much. He (87) _ to play games in the Internet bar everyday. But now he (88) hard. He said, “I have wasted a lot of time. I must (89) _ harder to (90) up with my classmates.” Its never too late to study!B.阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的动词，并用其适当形式填空。有的需要加助动词或不定式符号（每词限用一次）。 be say be laugh learnThe best way of (91) _ a language is using it. Sometimes you get your words mixed up and people dont understand you. Sometimes people say things too quickly and you dont understand them. But you (92) _ unhappy if people seem (93) _ at your mistakes. Its better for people to laugh at your mistakes than (94) _ angry with you, because they dont understand what you (95) _. The most important thing for learning English is: “Dont be afraid of making mistakes because everyone makes mistakes.86. 87. 88. 89. 90. 91. 92. 93. 94. 95._五、2010年辽宁省沈阳市填词型完形填空：根据短文内容，选择下列给出词填空，请将答写在短文后相应题号的横线上。每空限填一词，每词限用一次 by together housework invited is however any one that As the World Cup is going on,South Africa's football grandmothers are also working hard. The team 69 made up of 35 women,aged from 50 to 84. It was developed 70 a housewife five years ago to help old women keep fit. The project has been so successful 71 they will take part in the Veterans Cup competition (元老杯足球联赛) in the USA. "We are 72 to play in the Veterans Cup,where many grandmothers from all over the world come 73 and play football, "said the team leader. Whatever happens, 74 , the grandmothers have no regrets. Most of them often play football in their aprons (围裙) after 75 . "I suffered back pain and sore knees (腰酸腿痛) before joining the team three years ago. Now I am fresh. I don't feel 76 pain in my body，and I can runAt home I do all the housework by myself!”said 77 of the grandmothers69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 76. 77. 六、2010甘肃省兰州市填词型完形填空：用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每个单词限用一次，使短文通顺正确连贯，将答案填写在题后的横线上。enjoy common make another serve choose while way bring historyAmerican summers are filled with outdoor picnics, baseball games and swimming pools. Summer in America is a time 66_ the outdoors, no matter how hot it might be. Lets take a look at some of the popular drinks. Lemonade is 67_ of all American summer drinks. It 68_ by mixing lemon juice, water and sugar. It is usually served very cold, with ice.Ice tea is 69_popular summer drink in America. Ice tea is usually_ 70_ in a tall glass of ice. Many Americans 71_ to add sugar to sweeten the drink. This drink is often drunk in the afternoon 72_ relaxing in the shade. Ice tea is now also sold by the bottle , at almost any store in America. The Slurpee, a famous American drink in recent years, is a great 73_to cool off in the summer heat. It is a mix of ice, sugar and fruit juices. However, the drink is mostly made of ice. They can 74_ at most small convenient stores. Slurpees are popular with young Americans. Milkshakes have a long 75_ in America . It is made of a mix of ice cream , milk and flavoring. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75. 七、2010年河南省填词型完形填空：阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。请将答写在短文后相应题号的横线上。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。方框中有两个词是多余的。dirty with have always time they large want speak lesson first drop After a quick breakfast, I went into the lecture hall in a hurryA famous teacher was 66 tothe studentsHe was holding up a $100 billThen he said to the three hundred students，“Whowould like this $1 00 bill?” The students put up 67 hands at onceThen he said，“I am going to give this $100 bill to one of you，but 68 ，let me do this”He made the bill into a ballThen he said. “Who 69 it now?” Th