2020年高考英语模拟试题一pdf.pdf

2020 年高考英语模拟试题及答案（一）第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AEach applicant to Harvard College is considered with great care. We consider eachapplicant to Harvard College as a whole person, and put enormous care intoevaluating every application. We hope you will explore the information in this sectionto understand what we look for in our admissions process.How to ApplySubmit your application through theCommon Application, theCoalitionApplication, or theUniversal College Application. Each is treated equally by theAdmissions Committee. Complete and submit your materials as soon as possible toensure full and timely consideration of your application. View ourApplication Tipsforstep-by-step information.When to ApplyDateDeadlineDateDeadlineNovember1Early Action DeadlineMarch1Financial AidApplication deadlineNovember1Early Financial AidApplication deadlineLateMarchDecision letters mailedMid -DecemberEarly Auctiondecisions releasedMay 1Reply date forAdmitted StudentsJanuary 1Regular DecisiondeadlineWhat We Look ForWe seek promising students who will contribute to the Harvard communityduring their college years, and to society throughout their lives.While academic accomplishment is the basic requirement, the AdmissionCommittee considers many other factorsstrong personal qualities, special talents orexcellences of all kinds, perspectives formed by unusual personal circumstances, andthe ability to take advantage of available resources and opportunities.We outline everything you need to apply to Harvard.Click https: /college. harvard. edu/admissions/apply to get detailedrequirements.1. Where can you find step-by-step information of how to apply?A.Common Application.B.Coalition Application.C.Universal College Application.D.Application Tips.2. Which is the final day for Financial Aid Application?A. November 1.B. January 1.C. March 1.D. May 1.3. What is the basic requirement to apply for Harvard University?A. Academic accomplishment.B. Strong personal qualities.C. Special talents.D. Unique perspectives.【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了申请进入哈佛大学的流程，包括如何申请、何时申请以及哈佛大学关注何种类型的考生。1.D细节理解题。根据“How to Apply”部分中的最后一句 View our Application Tips forstep-by-step information 可知，如果要知道申请步骤，可以阅读申请建议，故选 D。2.C细节理解题。根据题干关键词 final day 定位至 When to Apply 部分，根据所列表格中March 1 Financial Aid Application deadline 可知，助学金申请的最后期限是 3 月 1日，故选 C。3.A细节理解题。根据 What We Look For 部分中的第二段中的 While academicaccomplishment is the basic requirement 可知，进入哈佛大学就读的最基本条件是学术成就满足要求，故选 A。BA dog spent the last four years of his life waitinga crossroad in the Thai city ofKhon Kaen as if waiting for someone. People originally thought the dog had beenabandoned, but then realized that he looked healthy, so people asked around abouthim. It turned out that the dog had indeed been spending most of his time aroundthat crossroad, but a woman had been coming -.round regularly to bring him foodand water.One day, while photographing the dog everyone called Leo, a reporter met thewoman who had been taking care of him. She had come to drop off some food. Afterlearning the story about the dog and the woman, the reporter decided to share thestory on social media. The post soon went viral and the photos of Leo got sharedhundreds of times. And the photos reached the eyes of Leo former old owner.Nang Noi Sittisarn, a 64-year-old woman from Thailands Roi Et Province, almosthad a heart attack when her daughter showed her a photo of the beloved dog namedBonBon she had lost during a car trip. When she learned that he had been waiting forher in the same spot for the last four years，her heart melted(融化).Auntie Noi told her daughter to drive her to where the dog was waiting. When shegot there and called his name. BonBon，the poor dog started wiggling(扭动)his tailand came to her，but when she tried to take him home with her, he was unwilling tofollow. She didnt want to force the dog to come with her so she agreed to leave himwith his new master. However, she and her daughter will come to visit him regularly.4. Why did the dog look healthy after separation from his former owner?A. He walked around the crossroad constantly.B. He was kept at a woman?shome all the time.C. A local reporter brought him food and water. D. A woman looked after him on aregular basis.5. What does the underlined phrase “went viral” in paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Changed surprisingly.B. Spread quickly.C. Appeared gradually.D. Fell directly.6. How did Nang Noi Sittisam feel about the dogs waiting for her?A. Shocked.B. Regretful.C. Touched.D. Proud7. What can we mainly learn from the story about the dog?A. Unbelievable success is worth waiting for.B. We should adjust ourselves to environments.C. We need to learn to be faithful and thankful.D. No one knows the result until the last minute【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。NangNo Stiam 四年前不小心丢了一条狗。这条忠诚的狗在走丢的地方等了四年，四年期间他得到了一位好心女士的悉心照料，最后在记者的帮助下与主人重聚。作为回报，他留下来陪伴这位女士。4.D 细节理解题。根据第一段“. but then realized that he looked healthy， so somepeople asked around about him. It turned out that the dog had indeed beenspending most of his time around that crossroad ,but a woman had been comingaround regularly to bring him food and water. ”可知，那条狗看起来健康是因为一位女士定期照料他。故选 D 项。5.B 词义猜测题。根据画线短语所在句的句意“那个帖子很快就, Leo 的照片被分享了成百上千次。 ”可推断，画线短语意为“迅速传播” ，与 Spread quickly 意思最为接近。故选 B项。6.C 推理判断题。根据第三段“When she learned that he had been waiting for her in thesame spot for the last four years，her heart melted(融化).”可推断，NangNoiSittisarn 得知她的狗一直在等待她，她深受感动。故选 C 项。7.C 推理判断题。这条狗能够等自己的主人四年，说明了他很忠诚;根据最后一段的叙述可知，这条狗找到主人后还要留下来陪伴自己的恩人，说明他知道感恩。由此可推断，我们通过这条狗的故事应该学会忠诚与感恩。故选 C 项。CA team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to createthe first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of newhigh-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tinymachine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air andperform controlled flight tasks.“Its extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and notjust the sum of a bunch of individual components,” said Robert Wood, the Harvardengineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over adecade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together thecomponents. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none ofthose components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,”he said.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “Theseeminglysimplesystemwhichjustmovesthewingshasanumberofinterdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has toperform well, but then has to be matched well to everything its connected to,” saidWood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing andcontrol systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robotwith these tiny components can be built and manufactured.While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal iseventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday performdata-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmersfields or on the battlefield.“Basically,it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control atinsect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board couldhave much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answeropen scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficultwith the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot oftechnologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives uson a day to day basis.”8. Which of the following statements was the difficulty engineers met while makingthe robotic fly?A. They did not have sufficient fund.B. No ready-made components were available.C. There was no model in their mind.D. It was hard for them to assemble the components.9. What can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4?A. The robotic fly has been put into wide application.B. The robotic fly consists of a flight device and a control system.C. Information from many sources can be collected by the robotic fly.D. The robotic fly can just fly in limited areas at present.10. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Woods design can replace animals in some experiments.B. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.C. The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.D. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.11. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The Development of Robotic FlyB. Robotic Fly Promotes Engineering ScienceC. Harvards Efforts in Making Robotic FlyD. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life Insect【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了哈佛大学的一组工程师受到大自然的启发，创造了第一只机器苍蝇。文章还说明了设计这种机械苍蝇遇到的困难和该飞行装置的应用区域，这种设计为研究飞行力学和昆虫控制提供了一种新方法8.B 细节理解题。根据第二段中. “The added difficulty with a project like this is thatactually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to developthem all on our own,” he said.（他说:“像这样的项目还有一个额外的困难，那就是这些组件都不是现成的，所以我们必须自己开发。 ” ）可知工程师们在让机器人飞行时遇到的困难是没有现成的组件。故选 B。9.D 推理判断题。 根据第四段中 While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-boardpower source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, sothat it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmersfields or on the battlefield.（当这第一个机器人飞行器连接到一个小型的，外置的电源时，它的目标是最终给它配备一个内置的电源，这样它可能有一天在救援地点，在农民的田地或战场上执行数据收集工作。 ）可推知机器苍蝇目前只能在有限的区域飞行。故选 D。10.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“You can start thinking about using them to answeropen scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would bedifficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said.（ “你可以开始考虑用它们来回答开放式的科学问题，你知道，用动物很难做到的方式来研究生物学，但可以用这些机器人来代替， ” 他说。 ） 可知伍德的设计可以在某些实验中代替动物。 故选 A。11.D 主旨大意题。根据第一段中 A team of engineers at Harvard University has beeninspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has becomea platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to dowhat a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly.（哈佛大学的一组工程师受到大自然的启发，创造了第一只机器苍蝇。机械苍蝇已经成为一系列高新技术集成系统的平台。 这台小型机器的设计初衷是让苍蝇能很自然地做它们该做的事情，但它的体积只有一只家蝇那么大。 ）以及文章主要内容围绕着机械苍蝇能够模仿真实的昆虫来进行数据收集工作，故 D 选项符合文章标题。故选 D。DThe idea that computers have some amount of “intelligence” is not new, saysRalph Haupter, the president of Microsoft Asia, pointing as far back as 1950 whencomputer pioneer Alan Turing asked whether machines can think. “So it has takennearly 70 years for the right combination of factors to come together to move AI fromconcept to reality,” says Haupter.It is predicted that the development of artificial intelligence will be the story of thecoming generations, not just the coming year, but as 2019 gets underway, youll findAI will begin to touch your life in many ways according to some researchers.“Personal assistant AIs will keep getting smarter. As our personal assistants learnmore about our daily routines, I can imagine the day I need not to worry aboutpreparing dinner. My AI knows what I like to eat, which days of the week I like to cookat home, and makes sure that when I get back from work all my groceries are waitingat my doorstep, ready for me to prepare that delicious meal I had been longing for.”-Alecjandro Troccoli, senior research scientist, NVIDIA.“Thanks to AI, the face will be the new credit card, the new drivers license andthe new barcode ( 条 形 码 ). Facial recognition is already completely transformingsecurity with biometric capabilities being adopted, and seeing how technology andbusiness are connected, like Amazon is with Whole Foods, I can see a near futurewhere people will no longer need to stand in line at the store.” -Georges Nahon,president, Orange Institute, a global research laboratory.“2019 will be the year AI becomes real for medicine. By the end of the year were seeing solutions for population health, hospital operations and a broad set ofclinical specialties quickly follow behind.”-Mark Michalski, executive director,Massachusetts General Hospital.12. What can we know about AI from the first two paragraphs?A. People didnt expect AI to develop so rapidly.B. The idea of AI just came up recently.C. The concept of AI was put forward by Ralph Haupter.D. It took more than 70 years to turn the concept into reality.13. Who sees the future of AI doing housework instead of human being?A. Alan Turing. B. Georges Nahon.C. Mark Michalski. D.Alejandro Troccoli.14. What is Georges Nahons job?A. Executive director of a hospital.B. President of a research laboratory.C. Chairman of an energy corporation.D. Chief operating officer of a newspaper.15. How is the passage developed?A. By explaining cause and effect.B. By presenting research results.C. By listing some predictions.D. By describing personal experiences.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要通过 Alecjandro Troccoli，Georges Nahon以及 Mark Michalski 对人工智能未来将应用于的领域进行预测和说明。12. A 细节理解题。根据第二段 It is predicted that the development of artificialintelligence will be the story of the coming generations, not just the comingyear, but as 2019 gets underway, youll find AI will begin to touch your life inmany ways according to some researchers.（据预测，人工智能的发展将成为未来几代人的故事，而不仅仅是未来的一年，但随着 2019 年的到来，你会发现人工智能将开始在许多方面影响你的生活。 ）可知从前两段我们可以了解到人们没想到人工智能会发展得这么快。故选 A。13.D 细节理解题。根据第三段中 My AI knows what I like to eat, which days of the weekI like to cook at home, and makes sure that when I get back from work all mygroceries are waiting at my doorstep, ready for me to prepare that deliciousmeal I had been longing for.” -Alecjandro Troccoli, senior research scientist,NVIDIA.（我的人工智能知道我喜欢吃什么，一周中的哪几天我喜欢在家做饭，并确保当我下班回家时，所有的杂货都在门口等着我，为我准备好我一直渴望的美味佳肴。Alecjandro Troccoli， NVIDIA 的高级研究科学家。 ）可知 Alecjandro Troccoli 能预见人工智能代替人类做家务的未来。故选 D。14.B 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 Georges Nahon, president, Orange Institute, aglobal research laboratory.（Georges Nahon，全球研究实验室奥兰治研究所主任。 ）可知 Georges Nahon 的工作是研究实验室的主任。故选 B。15.C 推理判断题。结合文章第三、四和五段分别为 Alecjandro Troccoli 预测人工智能代替人类做家务的未来；Georges Nahon 预测人脸识别将和商业结合在一起以及 MarkMichalski 对人工智能应用于医学的预测，可知这篇文章是通过列举一些预测进行论述展开的。故选 C。第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。The world is a colorful landscape of different languages, skin colors, and differentcultures. Its important to have a good understanding of different cultures in order tobecome a well-rounded person16One way is to read hooks written by authors from a particular culture. Readingworks by authors who have a close relationship with a particular culture allows peopleto gain an authentic glimpse into the food, music, language, religion, and way of a lifeof a particular group of people.17Another way to learn about different cultures is to try to learn a foreign language.18A person can choose a language she has always wanted to learn and locatelearning programs to help her master the language. Besides, one can enroll in aforeign language class in order to learn in a more formal setting. One can also