钻孔灌注桩正循环成孔施工工法.doc

【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流钻孔灌注桩正循环成孔施工工法.精品文档.钻孔灌注桩正循环成孔施工工法1 施工工艺流程采用正循环泥浆护壁成孔、二次循环清孔、导管浇筑水下混凝土成桩的施工方法，工艺流程图见下：场地平整钻孔灌注桩施工工艺流程图桩位放样埋设钢护筒钻机就位钻孔成孔检验清孔监理工程师验孔下钢筋笼二次清孔下导管拨出钢护筒灌注水下混凝土桩顶测量沉渣测量成桩检测混凝土养生钢护筒制作制备泥浆泥浆外运泥浆外运钢筋骨架加工制作试拼装检验导管泥浆外运砼搅拌运输2 正循环钻孔灌注桩施工示意图见下：(a)埋设护筒；（b）安装钻机，钻进；(c)第一次清孔；(d)测定孔壁；(e)吊放钢筋笼；(f)插入导管；(g)第二次清孔；(h)灌注水下混凝土拔出导管；(i)拔出护筒 (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i)正循环钻孔灌注桩施工示意图3 施工方法1）施工准备开工前，将地面硬化，设置两个沉淀池，为防止钻孔产生的废浆污染环境，沉淀池内套钢套箱。2）测量定位基准点必须浇筑混凝土固定牢靠，并做好保护装置。选用高精度经纬仪和钢卷尺测量，保证桩位的准确。从绝对标高点引入临时水准点，测出护筒口标高，并作好测量记录。3）埋设护筒护筒是保护孔口、隔离杂填土的必要措施，也是控制桩位、标高的基准点。因此，每个桩孔均必须埋设护筒。埋设深度必须能隔离杂填土层，护筒四周间隙用粘土回填并捣实，以确保护筒的稳定。采用孔口护筒，保证钻机沿着钻位垂直方向顺利作业，同时储存泥浆，使其高出地下水位，保护桩孔顶部土层不致因钻杆反复上下升降、机身振动而导致坍孔。护筒按下列规定设置：（1）护筒埋设要准确、稳定，护筒中心与桩位中心的偏差不得大于50mm。（2）护筒用48mm钢板制作，其内径应大于钻头直径100mm，其上部开设12个溢浆孔。（3）护筒的埋设深度：根据地质情况，按1.5m考虑，其高度尚应满足孔内泥浆面高度的要求，保证泥浆高出地面或水面400600mm。4）钻机就位钻机就位时，转盘中心对准定位标志，校对水平，并校对天车中心、转盘中心与桩位中心（三心）成一直线。5）成孔钻进（1）钻进采用正循环回转钻进方法，钻头选用三翼条形刮刀。钻杆安装导向钢丝绳，并在钻头上部带扶正器，以增加钻头在孔底回转的稳定性，使钻进平稳，孔壁完整，钻孔垂直。钻进参数范围如下：钻压：615KN转速：40124rpm泵量：6001200L/min钻进中应根据地层情况，合理选择钻进参数，一般开钻宜轻压慢转，正常钻进时钻进速度控制在5m/h以内，终孔前的钻进速度放慢以便及时排出钻屑，减少孔底沉渣。（2）护壁钻孔形成自由面时，由于受地层覆盖土压力的作用，使自由面产生变形，泥浆使用得当可以抑制变形的产生，根据泥浆物理性能和不同的地层情况，选用不同的泥浆性能参数，来平衡地层的侧压力，以抑制孔壁的缩颈、坍塌。泥浆性能参数指标控制范围如下：漏斗粘度：1825S泥浆相对密度：1.051.25含砂率：4%泥浆性能参数一般选择原则是：易塌孔地层选用较大值，不易塌孔地层选用较小值。6）清孔清孔是钻孔灌注桩施工的一道重要工序，清孔质量的好坏直接影响水下混凝土浇筑、桩身质量与承载力的大小。为了保证清孔质量，采用两次循环清孔，在保证泥浆性能的同时，必须做到终孔后清孔一次和浇筑前清孔一次。第一次清孔利用成孔结束时不提钻慢转正循环清孔，调制性能好的泥浆替换孔内稠泥浆与钻屑。第二次清孔利用导管进行，并在第二次清孔后25min内及时注入第一斗混凝土。否则，需要重新测量沉渣或清孔。7）钢筋笼（1）选用具有质量保证书，并通过抽样复检合格的钢筋由专职钢筋工和持证电焊工上岗制作，并对钢筋搭焊质量抽样送检，抽检数量为每200300个焊接头作一组试验。钢筋笼在预制模中点焊成型，做到成型主筋直，误差小，箍筋圆顺，直观效果好。钢筋笼的制作偏差范围控制如下：主筋间距：10mm；箍筋间距：20mm；钢笼长度：100mm；钢笼直径：10mm；焊接长度：10d。（2）钢筋笼保护层为使钢筋笼主筋有一定的保护层，在钢筋笼上设置混凝土块。垫块采用水泥砂浆通过特制的模型制成，直径为100mm，厚度为50mm，中心穿一直径15mm的小孔，以便固定在钢筋笼的箍筋上，每隔24m设置一组垫块，每组垫块设置4块。（3）钢筋笼入孔固定根据设计笼顶标高与孔口标高，计算好钢筋笼的吊筋长度，吊筋采用二根直径20mm的钢筋固定在孔口机架底盘上，使钢筋笼准确的下入孔中位置。在水下混凝土浇筑过程中，当混凝土面上升至钢筋笼底部附近时，应放慢浇筑速度，以免钢筋笼随混凝土面上升而造成钢筋笼的上浮。8）浇注水下混凝土、拨出导管导管采用直径219mm×3.5mm×2.5mm无缝钢管，游轮丝扣连接，密封性好，刚性强，不易变形。在使用前必须检查丝扣的好坏和导管内是否有残物；使用后应将导管清洗干净，涂油保护丝扣并堆放整齐。根据孔深配置导管长度，并按先后次序下入孔内，导管口距孔底控制在400600mm范围内，当第二次清孔结束时，在25min内注入足够的初灌量，以满足初灌导管埋入深度超过2000mm之后，连续不断浇筑水下混凝土，导管埋深一般控制在26m的范围内，不允许少于1.50m和超过10m。现场随机对混凝土取料，每桩一组试块，按规定要求制作，隔日拆模后现场养护，定期送试验室做抗压强度试验。89104 施工要点1）规划布置施工现场时，应首先考虑冲洗液循环、排水、清碴系统的安设，以保证循环作业时，冲洗液循环畅通，污水排放彻底，钻碴清除顺利。2）应及时清除沉碴池内的废泥浆和钻碴，并将排出的钻碴及时运出现场，防止污染施工现场和周围环境。3）正循环钻进时，合理调整和掌握钻进参数，不得随意提动孔内钻具。操作时应掌握升降机钢丝绳的松紧度，以减少钻杆、水龙头晃动。在钻进过程中，应根据不同地质条件，随时检查泥浆指标。5 施工设备SPJ-300型钻机25t汽车吊；高压泥浆泵；电焊机；导管；潜水泵；水下砼灌注工具。（英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms