高中英语选修-unitGrammar不定式.pptx

会计学1高中英语选修高中英语选修(xunxi) unitGrammar不定式不定式第一页，共40页。第1页/共40页第二页，共40页。三三. 用法用法(yn f)/ 功能功能To see is to believe.Its important to learn English well .(1). 主语主语(zhy)句型句型(j xn)转换转换To look after my pets properly takes a lot of time.It takes a lot of time to look after my pets properly .My job to help the patient.Your task to clean the classroom.isis(2). 表语表语第2页/共40页第三页，共40页。I want to go home.I found it necessary to talk to him again.(3) 宾语宾语(bny)think/consider/find it + adj.+ to do 常用(chn yn)动词不定式作宾语的动词有：hope, refuse, learn, set outchoose, decide, agree, manage, pretend, plan. 第3页/共40页第四页，共40页。The teacher told me to clean the blackboard.I expect you to give me some help.(4). 宾补宾补warn/ tell/ allow/ help/ ask/ force等+ sb. to do sth.第4页/共40页第五页，共40页。e.g. I made him do his work.He was made to do his work (by me).注意(zh y)1 help 后面(hu mian)的“to”可省去e.g. They often help the grandma (to) carry water.2 see, hear, watch, feel, notice等感官动词 和let, make, have等使役动词后面(hu mian)， 不定式作宾语时要省“to” （注：被动语态不省to）第5页/共40页第六页，共40页。1. They saw the boy fall suddenly from the tree. The boy was seen to fall suddenly from the tree.Exercise：将下列句子(j zi)改成被动语态2. Mother made John wash the car for a week. John was made to wash the car for a week.第6页/共40页第七页，共40页。3 不定式用在介词不定式用在介词but, except, besides后时后时,如果这些介词前有行为动词如果这些介词前有行为动词do的的各种形式各种形式(do/did/does),那么那么(n me)介词后的不定式介词后的不定式不带不带to,相反则带相反则带to.(1). She could do nothing but cry.(2). I have no choice but to go.(3).What do you like to do besides sleep.第7页/共40页第八页，共40页。I have something to say.He has a lot of homework to do .注意注意(zh y)：如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词：如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定式中要有介词则不定式中要有介词.He is looking for a room to live in .There is nothing to worry about.Eg：请给我一支：请给我一支(y zh)写字的笔写字的笔.Please give me a pen to write with.第8页/共40页第九页，共40页。1. 不定式做定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词不定式做定语时常放在被修饰的名词或代词(dic) 之后之后 (1)She was very busy and had no time to visit her friends. (2)Ladies and gentlemen ,I have something important to tell you . 2. 当名词被当名词被the first ,the last, the only 等词以及等词以及 形容词最高级修饰时形容词最高级修饰时 eg: She is always the first to come and the last to leave.(5). 定定语语(dngy)第9页/共40页第十页，共40页。4. 如果如果(rgu)不定式是不及物动词不定式是不及物动词,则后面需适当的则后面需适当的介词介词 Please pass me some paper to write_. She has a nice pen to write _. He bought a flat for the family to live _.onwithin3.也可用在have to do和there be句型(j xn)中。 There is no one to take care of her. I have no jewelry to wear.第10页/共40页第十一页，共40页。3.3.结果结果(ji gu)(ji gu)状语状语: : We hurried to the station only to find the train had left.only to doonly to be done表示意外表示意外(ywi)的的结果结果1. We hurried to the station only to find the train had left. 2. We hurried to the station only to be told the train had left.第11页/共40页第十二页，共40页。I came here to see you.He got up early to catch the train.(6) 状语（表示目的状语（表示目的(md)或结果）或结果）in order to , so as to ,enough to ,too.to.,only to , （表达(biod)意想不到的结果）Eg:We hurried to the station only to find the train had left.第12页/共40页第十三页，共40页。(7).独立独立(dl)结构结构to be frank, to be honest,To tell the truth, I dont agree with you.类似(li s)的结构第13页/共40页第十四页，共40页。(8)不定式与疑问词不定式与疑问词who,which, when, how, what等连用，在句中起名词作用，等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当可充当(chngdng)主语、表语、宾语主语、表语、宾语等。等。He didnt know what to say. . How to solve the problem is very important. . My question is when to start. . (宾语(bny) (主语(zhy) (表语) Why not do ?第14页/共40页第十五页，共40页。第15页/共40页第十六页，共40页。Identify its function.(subject)(subject)(predicative)想一想想一想第16页/共40页第十七页，共40页。(attribute)(attribute)(object)(object)第17页/共40页第十八页，共40页。(adverbial)(adverbial)(object complement)第18页/共40页第十九页，共40页。第19页/共40页第二十页，共40页。1. My teacher was made _ his teaching because of poor health.A. giving up B. to give up C. give up D. given up2.The sentence wants _ once more.A. explained B. to explain C. being explained D. explaining3.The Arctic is considered _ the northern part of the Atlantic.A. having been B. to have beenC. to be D. beingwant/need/require 用doing的形式表示(biosh)被动 want doing=want to be done 这句句子需要再被翻译一次 第20页/共40页第二十一页，共40页。?4.The Emperor ordered the wonderful cloth _ for him without delay.A. to have woven B. to be wovenC. to be weaving D. to weave?5.I found the German language hard _.A. learned B. learning C. to be learned D. to learn?6.The light in the office is still on. - Oh, I forgot _.A. turning it off B. turn it offC. to turn it off D. having turned it off第21页/共40页第二十二页，共40页。 doing sth. doing sth.记得曾记得曾经做经做第22页/共40页第二十三页，共40页。7.-How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers? -The key _ the problem is to meet the demand _ by the customers.A. to solving, making B. to solving, madeC. to solve, making D. to solve, made8. -What do you think of the school? -It is a very good _.A. school to study in B. school for children to studyC. studying school D. school to study第23页/共40页第二十四页，共40页。?9. -Did you get a job? - No, I _ , but its no use.A. expected B. tried to C. managed to D. planned?10.We find it impossible for the work _ ahead of time.A. to finish B. finishing C. being finished D. to be finished?11.-I usually go to Shanghai by train. -Why not _ there by boat for a change?A. to try to go B. try going C. to try going D. try to go 第24页/共40页第二十五页，共40页。12._ a living, she had to work from morning till night.A. To make B. MadeC. Making D. To have made?13. I would rather starve to death than _ for food.A. beg B. begging C. begged D. to beg?14.The boy pretended _ when his mother entered.A. reading B. to read C. to be reading D. being read第25页/共40页第二十六页，共40页。动词动词(dngc)不定式的时态不定式的时态和语态和语态形形 式式 主主 动动 被被 动动一般式一般式完成式完成式进行式进行式to doto have doneto be doingto be doneto have been done第26页/共40页第二十七页，共40页。(1) They pretended not to see us.(2) He pretended to be working hardwhen his boss passed him.(3) He is happy to have passed the test.(同时同时(tngsh)或不定式动作后发生。或不定式动作后发生。)(同时发生同时发生(fshng)，且不定式动作正在进行，且不定式动作正在进行)(不定式动作不定式动作(dngzu)先发生先发生)第27页/共40页第二十八页，共40页。第28页/共40页第二十九页，共40页。第29页/共40页第三十页，共40页。1. Robert is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in.A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying?2. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _ it more difficult.A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. dont make3. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in my new job.A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects?第30页/共40页第三十一页，共40页。4. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it.A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. see5. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows _.A. it what to do with B. what to do with it C. what to do it with D. to do what with it6. The mother didnt know _ to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out.A. who B. when C. how D. why 第31页/共40页第三十二页，共40页。7. Paul doesnt have to be made _. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning?8. We agreed _ here but so far she hasnt turned up yet. A. having met B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met?9. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to第32页/共40页第三十三页，共40页。10. The patient was warned _ oily food after the operation. A. to eat not B.eating not C. not to eat D.not eating11. I would love _ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone12. Charles Babbage is generally considered _the first computer. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented第33页/共40页第三十四页，共40页。13. Little Jim should love _ to the theatre this evening. A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking14. _ late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having sleep15. The teacher asked us _ so much noise. A. dont make B. not make C. not making D. not to make第34页/共40页第三十五页，共40页。1爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。爱和被爱都是最大的幸福。_ are both great happiness.2中国人民中国人民(rnmn)决不会征服。决不会征服。The Chinese people refuse _3据说他已经完成了他的工作。据说他已经完成了他的工作。He is said _.4 根据报道他们已安全到达。根据报道他们已安全到达。They are reported _To love and to be lovedto give in/ be conqueredto have finished/completed his workto have arrived safely第35页/共40页第三十六页，共40页。5 我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。我想叫人立刻修理这辆自行车。I want this bike _.6 玛利仿佛玛利仿佛(fngf)已经告诉这件事了。已经告诉这件事了。Mary seemed _.7众所周知，奥运会上他被授予了一枚金牌。众所周知，奥运会上他被授予了一枚金牌。He is known _ a gold medal at the Olympic.to be repaired at once/ immediatelyto have been told about itto have been given第36页/共40页第三十七页，共40页。1. He was overheard to say that he hoped John would resign.2. Peter was made to wait outside.3. He was heard to unlock the door and go out.4. The man was seen to shoot the woman on the street.5. The old lady was noticed to wipe her face with a handkerchief.第37页/共40页第三十八页，共40页。1.I forgot to ask you to go to the community service center.2.It is very important to turn off the electricity before you check the machine.3.I dont know where to find such a kind of button.4.Luckily, we dont have much more work to do.5.Helen is very pleased to have travelled in more than 20 provinces and cities in China.6.She has been very successful in her work, and now her greatest wish is to get married and have a child.第38页/共40页第三十九页，共40页。1. started pushing/ to push2. promised to go3. advise you to eat4. began shouting/to shout5. avoid falling 6. forget to call7. felt like throwing8. let them stay1. a. to tell b. spending2. a. putting b. to check3. a. talking b. to make c. to drink4. a. to get b. thinking第39页/共40页第四十页，共40页。