牛津译林模块七语法MUGrammarandusagePPT学习教案.pptx

会计学1牛津牛津(ni jn)译林模块七语法译林模块七语法MUGrammarandusage第一页，共31页。本节课的教学本节课的教学(jio (jio xu)xu)目标目标1. 了解哪些动词是助动词；了解哪些动词是助动词；2. 掌握掌握(zhngw)助动词的助动词的用法；用法；3. 3. 灵活运用助动词。灵活运用助动词。第1页/共31页第二页，共31页。简单句的基本简单句的基本(jbn)(jbn)结构结构主主+谓谓(vi.)主主+系系+表表主主+谓谓(vt.) +宾宾主主+谓谓(vt.) +间宾间宾+直宾直宾主主+谓谓(vt.) +宾宾+宾补宾补He left.She is a doctor.He passed the exam.My sister gave me a book.You made her angry.一般(ybn)第2页/共31页第三页，共31页。简单句的基本简单句的基本(jbn)(jbn)结构结构主主+谓谓(vi.)主主+系系+表表主主+谓谓(vt.) +宾宾主主+谓谓(vt.) +间宾间宾+直宾直宾主主+谓谓(vt.) +宾宾+宾补宾补He left.She is a doctor.He passed the exam.My sister gave me a book.You made her angry.一般现在/过去时态(sh ti)的陈述语气第3页/共31页第四页，共31页。1.He left.2. She is a doctor. 3. He passed the exam.4. My sister gave me a book.5. You made her angry.He will leave.Is she a doctor?He did pass the exam.My sister didnt give me any books.You shouldnt make her angry.他将要(jingyo)离开了。她是医生(yshng)吗？他真的(zhn de)通过考试了。我姐姐没有给我书。你不应该让她生气。第4页/共31页第五页，共31页。助动词定义助动词定义(dngy)(dngy)He will leave. Is she a doctor?He did passed the exam.My sister didnt give me any books.You shouldnt make her angry.Auxiliary verbs are used in forming tenses(时态时态), moods(情感情感(qnggn) and voices(语态、语气语态、语气) of other verbs. 将来将来(jingli)时态时态疑问疑问语气强调强调语气否定否定语气情感第5页/共31页第六页，共31页。助动词分类助动词分类(fn li)(fn li)1. I am speaking in favour of the Internet.2. A student will find abundant information on the Internet.3. We have known the truth.4. I shall be there at 8 oclock.amwillhaveshall时态(sh ti)助动词时态时态(sh ti)助动词有助动词有be(am, is, are; was, were), have(has, had), will(would), shall(should),无意义。无意义。第6页/共31页第七页，共31页。帮助主要帮助主要(zhyo)动词动词have构成现在进行构成现在进行时时帮助帮助(bngzh)主要动词主要动词see构成现在完构成现在完成时成时帮助主要动词帮助主要动词(dngc)go构成一般过去时构成一般过去时帮助主要动词帮助主要动词fly构成一般构成一般将来时将来时Whats the function of the underlined words?第7页/共31页第八页，共31页。1. Have you kept the point in your mind?2. Are you a good listener?3. I do like our English teacher.4. Does the film Happy Feet entertain you? 语气(yq)助动词语气语气(yq)助动词有助动词有be(am, is, are; was, were), have(has, had), do(does, did)无意义。无意义。DoesdoAreHave第8页/共31页第九页，共31页。语态(y ti)助动词1. A special clinic was opened in Beijing.2. Many soldiers were killed in the battle.3. Nobody is allowed to break the rules.waswereisbe(am, is, are, was, were)无意义无意义(yy)第9页/共31页第十页，共31页。Whats the function of the underlined words?帮助主要帮助主要(zhyo)动词动词send构成被构成被动语态动语态帮助主要动词帮助主要动词(dngc)构成虚拟语构成虚拟语气气帮助主要帮助主要(zhyo)动词构成虚拟语气动词构成虚拟语气第10页/共31页第十一页，共31页。1.There must be a rain tomorrow.2. No one may come to Lindas party because she hasnt sent invitations.3.You can do it if you devote yourself to it.4. The expert suggested that the youth should do more exercise to keep fit.mustmaycanshould情态(qngti)助动词情态助动词也称情态动词，辅助情态助动词也称情态动词，辅助(fzh)动词来动词来体现情感态度，有体现情感态度，有must, may, can, should等，等，与前几类助动词不同，每个情态助动词有自己的与前几类助动词不同，每个情态助动词有自己的不同意义及用途，可自成一体，是高考语法的一不同意义及用途，可自成一体，是高考语法的一大重点。大重点。第11页/共31页第十二页，共31页。Whats the function of the underlined modals?表示表示(biosh)必要性必要性表示表示(biosh)职责职责It can be very hot in summer in our hometown.表示表示(biosh)可能性可能性第12页/共31页第十三页，共31页。1. The president is to speak on TV tonight.2.I am going to attend a meeting in a week.3.When it rained, he was about to go out.4.Its getting late. Ive (got)to go now.5.Many countries would rather be cautious with this new technology.6. They are supposed to be at school before 8.is to am going to was about to ve (got)to would rather are supposed to 助动词分类助动词分类(fn li)(fn li)助动词词组(cz)第13页/共31页第十四页，共31页。不得不最好(zu ho)宁愿(nngyun)将要，应该很有可能 理应该过去常常正要去能够第14页/共31页第十五页，共31页。1.I used to love cats, until I was attacked by a black cat last week.2. The application of this technology is likely to cause a revolution in this industry.3.I would sooner walk to the park than take the bus. Its not so far.4.You have (got) to be careful next time.5.You are not supposed to park your car here.6.Just as I was about to leave, he finally showed up.7.You had better have a rest. You look pale.助动词词组用法：助动词词组用法：(翻译翻译(fny)下列句子下列句子)第15页/共31页第十六页，共31页。助动词分类助动词分类(fn li)(fn li)时态时态(sh ti)助动词助动词语气语气(yq)助动词助动词语态助动词语态助动词情态助动情态助动词词时态助动词有时态助动词有be(am, is, are; was, were), have (has, had), will(would), shall(should)。语气助动词有语气助动词有be(am, is, are; was, were), have (has, had), do(does, did)。Be(am, is, are, was, were)情态助动词也称情态动词情态助动词也称情态动词,辅助动词来体现辅助动词来体现情感态度情感态度,有有must, may, can, should等等助动词词组有助动词词组有have(got)to, had better, would sooner/ratherthan, be to, be likely to, be supposed to, used to, be about to, be able to等。等。助动词词组助动词词组第16页/共31页第十七页，共31页。1.I will be speaking against the Internet.2.Too much information has not been evaluated.3.More measures should be taken to deal with the problem.4.There are two main points which must be included when we analyse the Internet.Tip 1: 除情态助动词之外，其他助动词可除情态助动词之外，其他助动词可以有多个同时出现以有多个同时出现(chxin)在谓语中。在谓语中。will be has not been should be must be 助动词用法助动词用法(yn f)(yn f)要点要点第17页/共31页第十八页，共31页。1.I _ about to leave this afternoon.2.The conference _ supposed to start at 8, but was delayed.3.Tom _(do) benefit a lot from reading at present.4._(have) everyone got an English dictionary now?5.Everything goes well, _it?amwasdoesHasTip 2: 除情态除情态(qngti)助动词之外助动词之外,其他助动其他助动词要注意在时态词要注意在时态,人称和数上要和主语保持一人称和数上要和主语保持一致。致。doesnt第18页/共31页第十九页，共31页。Tip 3: 常用常用(chn yn)助动词助动词be, have 和和do 的使用。的使用。be, have和和do都有以下都有以下(yxi)用法用法:1) be/have/do + not，构成，构成(guchng)_。I havent been to Hongkong so far.It isnt my fault.否定否定2) be/have/do+主语主语 ，构成，构成_。a.Have you got full understanding of the point?b.Is it a good idea to go hiking on weekends?疑问疑问或倒装或倒装c. 我从未听说过这样的事情。我从未听说过这样的事情。 Never did I hear of such a thing.d. Not only have the medicine saved many peoples lives, but also start revolution in medicine.第19页/共31页第二十页，共31页。助动词助动词be的用法：的用法：1) be +现在分词，构成现在分词，构成_。a. 他们正在开会。他们正在开会。b. 英语英语(yn y)现在越来越重要。现在越来越重要。2) be + 过去分词，构成过去分词，构成(guchng)_。a. 窗户是汤姆打碎的。窗户是汤姆打碎的。b. 世界各地都教英语。世界各地都教英语。进行进行(jnxng)时态时态被动语态被动语态They are having a meeting.English is becoming more and more important now.The window is/was broken by Tom.English is taught around the world.第20页/共31页第二十一页，共31页。3)be + 动词不定式，构成动词不定式，构成_： 表示最近、未来的计划或安排。表示最近、未来的计划或安排。a. 他下周要去纽约他下周要去纽约(ni yu)。 b. 我们要教新生。我们要教新生。将来将来(jingli)时态时态He is to go to New York next week.We are to teach the fresh people.第21页/共31页第二十二页，共31页。助动词助动词have的用法的用法(yn f):1) have +过去分词，构成过去分词，构成_。如：。如：a. 他已去了伦敦。他已去了伦敦。b. 上月未为止上月未为止,他们已经完成工作的一半。他们已经完成工作的一半。完成完成(wn chng)时态时态He has gone to London.By the end of last month, they had finished half of the work. 2) have + been +现在分词现在分词(fn c)，构成，构成_. 我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。 I have been studying English for ten years.完成进行时态完成进行时态第22页/共31页第二十三页，共31页。3) have + been +过去分词，构成过去分词，构成_。中国中国(zhn u)教英语已经多年。教英语已经多年。English has been taught in China for many years.完成完成(wn chng)时被动时被动态态第23页/共31页第二十四页，共31页。助动词助动词(dngc)do 的用法的用法:1) 构成否定祈使句。构成否定祈使句。不要这么心不在焉。不要这么心不在焉。说明说明:构成否定祈使句只用构成否定祈使句只用do,不用不用did和和does。2)放在动词放在动词(dngc)原形前原形前, 表表_。a. 一定来参加我的生日宴会。一定来参加我的生日宴会。Do come to my birthday party.b. 我确实去那儿了。我确实去那儿了。强调强调(qing dio)Dont be so absent-minded.I did go there.3)用作代动词，例如：用作代动词，例如： Do you like Beijing? Yes, I do.(do用作代动词，代替用作代动词，代替(dit)like Beijing.)他知道如何开车，对吧？他知道如何开车，对吧？He knows how to drive a car, doesnt he?第24页/共31页第二十五页，共31页。Whats the function of “do/did”?构成构成(guchng)疑疑问句问句构成构成(guchng)疑疑问句问句构成构成(guchng)否定句否定句构成强调结构构成强调结构构成强调结构构成强调结构助动词还可用来构成否定或疑问句，助动词还可用来构成否定或疑问句，以及强调结构。以及强调结构。第25页/共31页第二十六页，共31页。小试牛刀小试牛刀(xio sh ni do)(xio sh ni do)1.Listening to loud music at rock concerts _caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A. is B. are C. has D. have2.This coastal area _ a national wildlifereserve last year. A. was named B. namedC. is named D. names3.-Jack bought a new mobile phone the other day. -_?Thats his third one in just one month.A. Had he B. Did heC. Does he D. Has he第26页/共31页第二十七页，共31页。4.-Lucy, can you tell me when Linda_ here? - Im not sure, but she_ to be here at 9 to 10.A. gets; supposes B. is getting; is supposingC. got; supposedD. will get; is supposed5.What is Tom up to? Hes seldom turned in his assignments these days, _? A. is he B. isnt heC. has he D. hasnt he6. The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune _. A. is made B. would make C. was to be made D. had made第27页/共31页第二十八页，共31页。Answers to Part A (p41)1. have 2. havent 3. dont4. didnt 5. was 6. did 7. did 8. didnt9. wouldnt have 10. will第28页/共31页第二十九页，共31页。Answers to Part B (p41)1. was about to2. used to3. wasnt able to 4. was supposed to 5. could not help but 6. would rather第29页/共31页第三十页，共31页。 P41&118第30页/共31页第三十一页，共31页。